Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/moltiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *moltъ (“hammer”) +‎ *-iti.

Verb

*mōltìti [1][2][3]

to beat, to thresh

Inflection

Conjugation of *moltiti (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*molťenьje	*moltiti	*moltitъ	*moltilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*molťenъ	*moltimъ
Active	*molťь	*moltę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*moltixъ	*molti	*molti	*molťǫ	*moltiši	*moltitь
Dual	*moltixově	*moltista	*moltiste	*moltivě	*moltita	*moltite
Plural	*moltixomъ	*moltiste	*moltišę	*moltimъ	*moltite	*moltętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*molťaaxъ	*molťaaše	*molťaaše	—	*molti	*molti
Dual	*molťaaxově	*molťaašeta	*molťaašete	*moltivě	*moltita	—
Plural	*molťaaxomъ	*molťaašete	*molťaaxǫ	*moltimъ	*moltite	—

(*)*moltivъ is later doublet of past active participle

Related terms

*moltъ (“hammer”)
*melti (“to grind, to mill”)
*mělь, *mělъ (“finely ground substance, chalk, sandbank”)

*mlinъ (“pancake”)
*moľь (“moth”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: молотити (molotiti)
  - Belarusian: малаці́ць (malacícʹ)
  - Russian: молоти́ть (molotítʹ)
  - Ukrainian: молоти́ти (molotýty)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Cyrillic: млатити (mlatiti)
  
  Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Bulgarian: мла́тя (mlátja)
- Macedonian: млати (mlati)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: мла́тити
  
  Latin: mlátiti
  - Chakavian (Vrgada): mlå̄tȉti
  - Chakavian (Orbanići): mlātȉt
- Slovene: mlatīti, mlátiti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: mlátiti
  - Czech: mlátit
- Old Polish: młócić
  - Polish: młócić
- Slovak: mlátiť
- Slovincian: mlʉɵ̯cĕc
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: młócić
  - Lower Sorbian: młośiś

References

Derksen, Rick (2008), “*moltìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 323: “v. (b) ‘beat, thresh’”
Olander, Thomas (2001), “moltiti: moltjǫ moltitь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b tærske (PR 137; MP 27)”
Kapović, Mate (2007), “The Development of Proto-Slavic Quantity”, in Wiener Slavistisches Jahrbuch‎, University of Vienna, page 21: “*molti̋ti”

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[1] Derksen, Rick (2008), “*moltìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 323: “v. (b) ‘beat, thresh’”

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001), “moltiti: moltjǫ moltitь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b tærske (PR 137; MP 27)”

[3] Kapović, Mate (2007), “The Development of Proto-Slavic Quantity”, in Wiener Slavistisches Jahrbuch‎, University of Vienna, page 21: “*molti̋ti”