< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kotorъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *kʷóteros. Cognate with Proto-Germanic *hwaþeraz.
Declension
Indefinite declension of *kotorъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *kotorъ | *kotora | *kotoro |
| Accusative | *kotorъ | *kotorǫ | *kotoro |
| Genitive | *kotora | *kotory | *kotora |
| Locative | *kotorě | *kotorě | *kotorě |
| Dative | *kotoru | *kotorě | *kotoru |
| Instrumental | *kotoromь | *kotorojǫ | *kotoromь |
| Vocative | *kotore | *kotoro | *kotoro |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *kotora | *kotorě | *kotorě |
| Accusative | *kotora | *kotorě | *kotorě |
| Genitive | *kotoru | *kotoru | *kotoru |
| Locative | *kotoru | *kotoru | *kotoru |
| Dative | *kotoroma | *kotorama | *kotoroma |
| Instrumental | *kotoroma | *kotorama | *kotoroma |
| Vocative | *kotora | *kotorě | *kotorě |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *kotori | *kotory | *kotora |
| Accusative | *kotory | *kotory | *kotora |
| Genitive | *kotorъ | *kotorъ | *kotorъ |
| Locative | *kotorěxъ | *kotoraxъ | *kotorěxъ |
| Dative | *kotoromъ | *kotoramъ | *kotoromъ |
| Instrumental | *kotory | *kotorami | *kotory |
| Vocative | *kotori | *kotory | *kotora |
Definite declension of *kotorъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *kotorъjь | *kotoraja | *kotoroje |
| Accusative | *kotorъjь | *kotorǫjǫ | *kotoroje |
| Genitive | *kotorajego | *kotoryję | *kotorajego |
| Locative | *kotorějemь | *kotorěji | *kotorějemь |
| Dative | *kotorujemu | *kotorěji | *kotorujemu |
| Instrumental | *kotoryjimi | *kotorǫjǫ | *kotoryjimi |
| Vocative | *kotorъjь | *kotoraja | *kotoroje |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *kotoraja | *kotorěji | *kotorěji |
| Accusative | *kotoraja | *kotorěji | *kotorěji |
| Genitive | *kotoruju | *kotoruju | *kotoruju |
| Locative | *kotoruju | *kotoruju | *kotoruju |
| Dative | *kotoryjima | *kotoryjima | *kotoryjima |
| Instrumental | *kotoryjima | *kotoryjima | *kotoryjima |
| Vocative | *kotoraja | *kotorěji | *kotorěji |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *kotoriji | *kotoryję | *kotoraja |
| Accusative | *kotoryję | *kotoryję | *kotoraja |
| Genitive | *kotorъjixъ | *kotorъjixъ | *kotorъjixъ |
| Locative | *kotoryjixъ | *kotoryjixъ | *kotoryjixъ |
| Dative | *kotoryjimъ | *kotoryjimъ | *kotoryjimъ |
| Instrumental | *kotoryjimi | *kotoryjimi | *kotoryjimi |
| Vocative | *kotoriji | *kotoryję | *kotoraja |
Alternative forms
- *koterъ
See also
- *(j)eterъ
Derived terms
- *někotorъ (“certain”)
- *nikotorъ (“no, none”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Belarusian: като́ры (katóry)
- Russian: кото́рый (kotóryj)
- Rusyn: котрый (kotrŷj)
- Ukrainian: котри́й (kotrýj)
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- “*koterъjь/kotorъjь”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, 1974–, page 11
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “который”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*koterъ; *kotorъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 240: “prn. ‘who, which’”
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