< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kolti
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kálˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *kolh₂-, from the root *kelh₂-. Cognate with Lithuanian kálti (“to strike (with a hammer or axe), to forge”) (1sg. kalù), Latvian kal̃t (“to beat, to forge”) (1sg. kaļu), Lithuanian kùlti (“to hit”), Latvian kul̂t (“to hit”), Old Prussian preicalis (“anvil”), kalopeilis (“hoe”), Latin percellō (“to overturn, to strike”) (infinitive percellere, perfect perculī), Old Irish cellach (“war”), Ancient Greek κελεΐς (keleḯs, “axe”) (Hesychius), per Vasmer probably also Lithuanian skélti (“to split”).
Inflection
Conjugation of *kolti (?, -C/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *koltьje | *kolti | *koltъ | *kollъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *koltъ | *koľemъ |
| Active | *kolvъ | *koľę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *kolsъ | *kol | *kol | *koľǫ | *koľeši | *koľetь |
| Dual | *kolsově | *kolsta | *kolste | *koľevě | *koľeta | *koľete |
| Plural | *kolsomъ | *kolste | *kolsę | *koľemъ | *koľete | *koľǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *koľaaxъ | *koľaaše | *koľaaše | — | *koľi | *koľi |
| Dual | *koľaaxově | *koľaašeta | *koľaašete | *koľivě | *koľita | — |
| Plural | *koľaaxomъ | *koľaašete | *koľaaxǫ | *koľimъ | *koľite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*koljenъ is doublet of past passive participle
Related terms
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Černyx, P. Ja. (1999), “коло́ть”, in Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1, 3rd reprint edition, Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 414
- Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*kelh₂-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 350
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1983), “*kolti”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 10, Moscow: Nauka, page 154
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “коло́ть”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*kòlti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 230: “v. (b) ‘stab, sting’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “kolti: koljǫ koljetь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (SA 203, 248-51; PR 136; MP 27)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “kláti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar, Ljubljana: Inštitut za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, →ISBN: “*kőlti, sed. *kol'ǫ̋”
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