Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sm̥-

Zero grade form of the numeral stem *sem- (“one, together”).

*sm̥-

1. one
2. with, together

• *sḗm (“one”)
• *sēm-i (“half”)

• *sm̥-meh₁lom (“one time”) (with *meh₁-)
  • Italic:
    • Latin: semel
• *sm̥-ḱm̥tóm (“one hundred”) (with *ḱm̥tóm)
  • Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: ἑκατόν (hekatón), ἑκοτόν (hekotón)
      • Greek: εκατό (ekató)
      • → Katharevousa: εκατόν (ekatón)
      • → English: hecato-
• *sm̥-ǵʰéslo- (“(one) thousand”) (with *ǵʰéslom)
  • Indo-Iranian: *saȷ́ʰásram (see there for further descendants)
  • Italic: *smīɣeslī
    • Latin: mīlle (see there for further descendants)
• *sm̥-teros (“one other”) (with the suffix *-teros to form adjectives)
  • Hellenic: *həteros
    • Ancient Greek: ἕτερος (héteros) ἅτερος (háteros), ὥτερος (hṓteros), ἄτερος (áteros) (see there for further descendants)

• Armenian:
  • Old Armenian: ամ- (am-)
  • Old Armenian: ան-տառ (an-taṙ) (possibly)
    • Armenian: անտառ (antaṙ)
• Hellenic:
  • Ancient Greek: ἁ- (ha-, “together”)
    • ⇒ Ancient Greek: ἅπαξ (hápax, “once”)
      • Greek: άπαξ (ápax)
• Italic:
  • Latin: sem-, sim-
    • Latin: semper (“always”) (see there for further descendants)
    • Latin: simplus (“simple”) (see there for further descendants)
    • Latin: simplex (“single, simple”) (see there for further descendants)
    • Latin: simītu
• Indo-Iranian:
  • Indo-Aryan:
    • Sanskrit: स (sa-, “together, with”)