Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ewg-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *h₂weg-, of which the zero grade *h₂ug- was reanalysed as having the ablaut vowel before the -w- rather than after it, creating a new variant form of the root. The original root remained in use, however.

Root

*h₂ewg-

to increase, to enlarge

Derived terms

► <a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Terms_derived_from_the_PIE_root_*h%E2%82%82ewg-' title='Category:Terms derived from the PIE root *h₂ewg-'>Terms derived from the PIE root *h₂ewg-</a>

*h₂éwg-e-ti (thematic root present)
- Balto-Slavic: *augtei
  - Latvian: augt
  - Lithuanian: áugti
- Germanic: *aukaną (see there for further descendants)
*h₂ug-s-é-ti
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: αὐξάνω (auxánō)
- Indo-Iranian: *Hukšáti
  - Indo-Aryan: *Hukṣáti
    - Sanskrit: उक्षति (ukṣáti)
*h₂owg-éye-ti (causative)
- Italic: *augeō (with irregular change o > a)
  - Latin: augeō
*h₂éwg-os ~ *h₂éwg-es-os
- Indo-Iranian: *Háwǰas (see there for further descendants)
- Italic: *augos
  - Latin: augur
*h₂ewg-os-to-s
- Italic: *augostos
  - Latin: augustus
*h₂ug-ró-s (“strong, fierce”)
- Indo-Iranian: *Hugrás (see there for further descendants)
Unsorted formations:
- Armenian:
  - Old Armenian: աճեմ (ačem)
- Celtic: *ouxselos
  - Brythonic:
    - Breton: uhel
    - Welsh: uchel
  - Old Irish: úasal
    - Irish: uasal
    - Manx: ooasle
    - Old Irish: uasal
- Celtic: *ouxs-, *uxs-
  - Old Irish: uas
- (possibly) Germanic: *auk (see there for further descendants)
- Indo-Iranian: *Hwakšáyati
  - Iranian: *Hwaxšáyati
    - Avestan: 𐬎𐬑𐬱𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬍‎ (uxšiieitī, “grows”), 𐬬𐬀𐬑𐬱𐬙‎ (vaxšt, “lets grow”)
    - Middle Persian: [script needed] (waxšīdan, “to grow”)
      - Persian: وخشیدن‎ (vaxšīdan, “to wax, grow”)
  - Balto-Slavic:
    - Latvian: augsts
    - Lithuanian: aũkštas, augestis

References

Rastorgujeva, V. S.; Edelʹman, D. I. (2000) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 258
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 278

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