< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂elut-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction

Reflex of initial laryngeal can be seen in Finnish kalja (from earlier *kaleja or *kaleta).

Etymology

According to some the original meaning was "a bitter drink" and is related to Latin alūmen (“alum”) and Ancient Greek ἀλύδοιμος (alúdoimos, “bitter, pungent”).[1]

Another theory is that it is connected to Proto-Norse ᚨᛚᚢ (alu, “something magical”), and related to Latvian aluot (“be distraught”), Ancient Greek ἀλύω (alúō, “to be distraught”) and Hittite [script needed] (alwanzaḫḫ-, “to bewitch, hex”).[2] EIEC explains the semantic connection as: The notion would be that beer induced a "high" wherein the drinker was infused with a sort of magical power.

The most recent theory is that it is related to Sanskrit अरुष (aruṣá, “reddish”) and Avestan 𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬱𐬀‎ (auruša, “bright, white”), from which Proto-Indo-Iranian *Harušás can be reconstructed from the two languages.[3]

Noun

*h₂elut-

  1. beer

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants
  • Armenian:
  • Balto-Slavic: *alu
  • Germanic: *alu (stem *alut-)
  • Indo-Iranian: *Harušás (“reddish”) (possibly)
    • Indo-Aryan: *Haruṣás
      • Sanskrit: अरुष (aruṣá)
    • Iranian: *Harušáh
      • Avestan: 𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬱𐬀‎ (auruša, “bright, white”)
  • Indo-Iranian:
    • Iranian:
  • → Finnic: *olut (probably from either Germanic or Baltic)

References
  • Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*aluþ-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 23–4
  • Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q., editors (1997) Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 60
  • Martirosyan, Hrach (2010), “awɫi”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 29, 154
  • Abajev, V. I. (1958), “ælūton | ilæton, aluton”, in Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ osetinskovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Ossetian Language] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow, Leningrad: USSR Academy of Sciences, page 129
Notes
  1. Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume I, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 33–4
  2. Edgar C. Polomé, “Beer, Runes and Magic”, Journal of Indo-European Studies 24 (1996): 99–105.
  3. Harald Bjorvand, “The Etymology of English ale”, Journal of Indo-European Studies 35 (2007): 1–8.

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