< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷṓws

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Noun

*gʷṓws m or f [1]

  1. cattle

Inflection
Athematic, acrostatic
singular
nominative *gʷṓws
genitive *gʷéws
singular dual plural
nominative *gʷṓws *gʷówh₁(e) *gʷówes
vocative *gʷów *gʷówh₁(e) *gʷówes
accusative *gʷṓm *gʷówh₁(e) *gʷówm̥s
genitive *gʷéws *? *gʷéwoHom
ablative *gʷéws *? *gʷéwmos
dative *gʷéwey *? *gʷéwmos
locative *gʷéw, *gʷéwi *? *gʷéwsu
instrumental *gʷéwh₁ *? *gʷéwbʰi

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Albanian: *gauka
    • Albanian: gak (“boar”)
  • Anatolian: [Term?]
    • Luwian:
      Anatolian Hieroglyphs: 𔑺𔗬𔗔 (BOSwa/i-s(a) /wawis/)
  • Armenian:
  • Armenian: (< *gʷow-io- or *gʷh₃ew-io-)
    • Old Armenian: կոգի (kogi, “butter”)
  • Balto-Slavic: *gaw-, *gōw-
    • Latvian: govs
    • Slavic: *govędo < *gʷew-n̥d- (see there for further descendants)
  • Celtic: *bāus (see there for further descendants)
  • Germanic: *kūz (see there for further descendants)
    • → Samic: *kusë (see there for further descendants)
  • Hellenic: *gʷous
  • Indo-Iranian: *gā́wš (see there for further descendants)
  • Italic: *gʷōs
    • Oscan: buv-
    • Umbrian: bum (acc.sg.)
    • Volscian: bim < *būm (acc.sg.)
    • Latin: bōs (loanword from Sabellic, the expected Latin form being *ūs/*vōs)
  • Thracian: bonassos
  • Tocharian: *kewä
    • Tocharian A: ko
    • Tocharian B: keu

References
  1. Ringe, Don (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic, Oxford University Press
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