< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰed-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative reconstructions
  • *bʰad- (as per Pokorny)
  • *bʰeHd- (as per Kroonen)

Root

*bʰed- [1]

  1. to facilitate, improve
  2. good

Derived terms
Category Terms derived from the PIE root *bʰed- not found
  • *bʰod-os (thematic nominal)
    • Celtic: *bodos (“good will”)
      • Brythonic: *boð
        • ⇒ Old Breton: bodlon (“content”)
        • Cornish: both
        • Middle Welsh: boð
      • ⇒ Old Irish: buide (from *bodiyā)
    • Germanic: *bataz (“good”) (see there for further descendants)
  • *bʰod-yó-s (Caland comparative extension)
    • Germanic: *batiz (“better”) (see there for further descendants)[2]
  • *bʰəd-ró-s (Caland ro-extension)
    • Indo-Iranian: *bʰadrás
      • Indo-Aryan: *bʰadrás
      • Indo-Iranian:
        • Avestan: 𐬵𐬎𐬠𐬀𐬜𐬭𐬀‎ (hubaδra) (+*h₁su- prefix)
  • *bʰod-éye-ti (eye-causative)
    • Germanic: *batjaną (“to get better”) (see there for further descendants)
  • *bʰōd-eh₂ (nomen abstractum)
    • Germanic: *bōtō (“improvement”) (see there for further descendants)

References
  1. Pokorny, Julius (1959), “bhad-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume I, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 106
  2. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*batiz”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 55
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