< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kos

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative forms

  • *-ḱos

Suffix

*-kos

  1. Creates deadjectival and desubstantival adjectives denoting the characteristic of, typical of, pertaining to.

Inflection

Thematic
masculine feminine
nominative *-kos *-keh₂
genitive *-kosyo *-keh₂s
masculine singular dual plural
nominative *-kos *-koh₁ *-koes
vocative *-ke *-koh₁ *-koes
accusative *-kom *-koh₁ *-koms
genitive *-kosyo *? *-kooHom
ablative *-kead *? *-komos
dative *-koey *? *-komos
locative *-key, *-koy *? *-koysu
instrumental *-koh₁ *? *-kōys
feminine singular dual plural
nominative *-keh₂ *-keh₂h₁(e) *-keh₂es
vocative *-keh₂ *-keh₂h₁(e) *-keh₂es
accusative *-kām *-keh₂h₁(e) *-keh₂m̥s
genitive *-keh₂s *? *-keh₂oHom
ablative *-keh₂s *? *-keh₂mos
dative *-keh₂ey *? *-keh₂mos
locative *-keh₂, *-keh₂i *? *-keh₂su
instrumental *-keh₂h₁ *? *-keh₂bʰi
neuter singular dual plural
nominative *-kom *-koy(h₁) *-keh₂
vocative *-kom *-koy(h₁) *-keh₂
accusative *-kom *-koy(h₁) *-keh₂
genitive *-kosyo *? *-kooHom
ablative *-kead *? *-komos
dative *-koey *? *-komos
locative *-key, *-koy *? *-koysu
instrumental *-koh₁ *? *-kōys

Descendants

  • Balto-Slavic: *-kas
    • Slavic: *-kъ (see there for further descendants)
  • Celtic: *-kos (see there for further descendants)
  • Germanic: *-gaz (see there for further descendants)
  • Hellenic: *-kos
  • Indo-Iranian: *-kas (see there for further descendants)
  • Italic: *-kos

Derived terms

  • Balto-Slavic: [Term?]
    • Slavic: *-ъkъ
      • Old Church Slavonic: -ъкъ (-ŭkŭ)
  • Indo-Iranian: *-kasa, *-ĉasa
    • Indo-Aryan: *-kasa, *-śasa
      • Sanskrit: -कस (-kasa), -शस (-śasa)
  • Italic: *-ikos
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