< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/halbaz
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Unknown. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to cut”) through a sense ‘divided’ or from a stem *ḱol-bʰo- cognate with Lithuanian šalìs (“side, strip of land”).[1] Alternatively, a recent theory suggests borrowing from Proto-Finnic *halpa, *halba- (“cheap, reduced”) (compare Finnish halpa (“cheap”), Estonian halb (“bad”)).[2]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈxɑl.βɑz/
Inflection
Declension of *halbaz (a-stem)
| Strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *halbaz | *halbai | *halbō | *halbôz | *halbą, -atō | *halbō |
| Accusative | *halbanǭ | *halbanz | *halbǭ | *halbōz | *halbą, -atō | *halbō |
| Genitive | *halbas, -is | *halbaizǫ̂ | *halbaizōz | *halbaizǫ̂ | *halbas, -is | *halbaizǫ̂ |
| Dative | *halbammai | *halbaimaz | *halbaizōi | *halbaimaz | *halbammai | *halbaimaz |
| Instrumental | *halbanō | *halbaimiz | *halbaizō | *halbaimiz | *halbanō | *halbaimiz |
| Weak declension | ||||||
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *halbô | *halbaniz | *halbǭ | *halbōniz | *halbô | *halbōnō |
| Accusative | *halbanų | *halbanunz | *halbōnų | *halbōnunz | *halbô | *halbōnō |
| Genitive | *halbiniz | *halbanǫ̂ | *halbōniz | *halbōnǫ̂ | *halbiniz | *halbanǫ̂ |
| Dative | *halbini | *halbammaz | *halbōni | *halbōmaz | *halbini | *halbammaz |
| Instrumental | *halbinē | *halbammiz | *halbōnē | *halbōmiz | *halbinē | *halbammiz |
Derived terms
Descendants
References
- American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots
- Adam Hyllested, Word Exchange at the Gates of Europe: Five Millennia of Language Contact, Ph.D. dissertation, University of Copenhagen, pp. 103–105.
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