< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-þiz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *-tis. See also *-iþō.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /θiz/

Noun

*-þiz f

  1. Forms abstract nouns from verb roots, usually from strong verbs.

Inflection
i-stemDeclension of *-þiz (i-stem)
singular plural
nominative *-þiz *-þīz
vocative *-þi *-þīz
accusative *-þį *-þinz
genitive *-þīz *-þijǫ̂
dative *-þī *-þimaz
instrumental *-þī *-þimiz

Usage notes

There are several variant forms based on the final consonant of the stem and the original position of the accent:

  • Ending in a dental: *-siz (with the Germanic spirant law applied)
  • Ending in an obstruent: *-tiz (with the Germanic spirant law applied)
  • Otherwise: *-þiz, *-diz

Derived terms
► <a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Proto-Germanic_words_suffixed_with_*-%C3%BEiz' title='Category:Proto-Germanic words suffixed with *-þiz'>Proto-Germanic words suffixed with *-þiz</a>

Descendants

This suffix was no longer productive in the daughter languages. The following lists outcomes of derived terms.

  • Old English: -þ
  • Old Saxon: -th
  • Old Dutch: *-t
  • Old High German: -d
    • German: -d
  • Old Norse: -ðr
    • Icelandic: -ður
    • Faroese: -ður
    • Swedish: -d
    • Danish: -d
  • Gothic: -𐌸𐍃 (-þs)
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