< Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic

Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/binati

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰi-né-h₂-ti, nasal-infix present of *bʰeyh₂- (“to strike, hew”).

Verb

*binati [1]

  1. to strike, hit, beat

Inflection
Thematic present with a-coloring
Active voice
Present Imperfect Future Preterite
1st singular *binami *binannem ? ?
2nd singular *binasi *binītū ? ?
3rd singular *binati *bina(to) ? ?
1st plural *binomu *binammets ? ?
2nd plural *binate *binates, *binaswīs ? ?
3rd plural *binonti *binantets ? ?
Pres. subjunctive Past subjunctive Imperative
1st singular ? ? —
2nd singular ? ? *binī
3rd singular ? ? *binat
1st plural ? ? *binomu
2nd plural ? ? *binatīs
3rd plural ? ? *binont
Passive voice
Present Imperfect Future Preterite
1st singular *binūr — ? —
2nd singular *binatar — ? —
3rd singular *binator *binatey ? *bīto
1st plural *binommor — ? —
2nd plural *binadwe — ? —
3rd plural *binontor *binantits ? *bītūnts
Pres. subjunctive Past subjunctive Imperative
1st singular ? — —
2nd singular ? — *binatar
3rd singular ? — *binor
1st plural ? — *binommor
2nd plural ? — *binadwe
3rd plural ? — *binontor

Descendants
  • Brythonic: *bɨnad
    • Middle Breton: benaff
    • Middle Welsh: kymynu (< *kombinati)
  • Old Irish: benaid
  • Gaulish: biietutu (impv.)
  • Celtiberian: ne-bintor (3p.impv.med.)

References
  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*bi(j)ēn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 64: “*bʰiH-neh₂-”
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