災難

See also: 灾难

Chinese

		disaster; calamity	disaster; distress; to scold disaster; distress; to scold; difficult (to...); problem; difficulty; difficult; not good
trad. (災難)		災	難
simp. (灾难)		灾	难

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zāinàn

(Zhuyin): ㄗㄞㄋㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zoi¹ naan⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): châi-nan
Min Nan (POJ): chai-lān

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: zāinàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄗㄞㄋㄢˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzainann
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡saɪ̯⁵⁵ na̠n⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zoi¹ naan⁶
  - Yale: jōi naahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzoi¹ naan⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: zoi¹ nan⁶
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔːi̯⁵⁵ naːn²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: châi-nan
  - Hakka Romanization System: zai´ nan
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zai¹ nan⁴
  - IPA: /t͡sai̯²⁴⁻¹¹ nan⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chai-lān
  - Tâi-lô: tsai-lān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zailan
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡saɪ⁴⁴⁻²² lan²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡saɪ³³ lan⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡saɪ⁴⁴⁻²² lan²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡saɪ⁴⁴⁻³³ lan³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡saɪ⁴⁴⁻³³ lan³³/

Noun

災難

disaster; calamity; catastrophe (Classifier: 場／场; 次; 種／种)

Synonyms

Synonyms of 災難

劫煞 (Min Nan)
劫難／劫难 (jiénàn)
大禍／大祸 (dàhuò) (major catastrophe)
大難／大难 (dà'nàn) (major catastrophe)
天災／天灾 (tiānzāi) (natural disaster)
慘事／惨事 (cǎnshì)
慘劇／惨剧 (cǎnjù)
災劫／灾劫 (zāijié) (literary)

災害／灾害 (zāihài)
災殃／灾殃 (zāiyāng)
災禍／灾祸 (zāihuò)
災變／灾变 (zāibiàn) (literary, natural disaster)
禍事／祸事 (huòshì)
禍害／祸害 (huòhài)
禍患／祸患 (huòhuàn)
禍殃／祸殃 (huòyāng)

Derived terms

災難性／灾难性 (zāinànxìng)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (災難):

→ Japanese: 災難 (さいなん) (sainan)
→ Korean: 재난 (災難, jaenan)
→ Vietnamese: tai nạn (災難)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
災	難
さい Grade: 5	なん Grade: 6
on’yomi

Noun

災難 (hiragana さいなん, rōmaji sainan)

disaster
- 災難に遭う
  さいなんにあう
  sainan ni au
  to meet with disaster
- 災難を免れる
  さいなんをまぬかれる
  sainan o manukareru
  to escape disaster

References

The Oxford Starter Japanese Dictionary. →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
災	難

Noun

災難 • (jaenan) (hangeul 재난)

Hanja form^? of 재난 (“disaster”).

Vietnamese

Hán tự in this word
災	難

Noun

災難

Hán tự form of tai nạn (“accident”).

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