Life simulation game

Digital pets are a subgenre of artificial life game where players train, maintain, and watch a simulated animal.[1] The pets can be simulations of real animals, or fantasy pets.[2] Unlike genetic artificial life games that focus on larger populations of organisms, digital pet games usually allow players to interact with one or a few pets at once.[1] In contrast to artificial life games, digital pets do not usually reproduce or die,[2] although there are exceptions where pets will run away if ignored or mistreated.[1]

Digital pets are usually designed to be cute, and act out a range of emotions and behaviors that tell the player how to influence the pet.[1] "This quality of rich intelligence distinguishes artificial pets from other kinds of A-life, in which individuals have simple rules but the population as a whole develops emergent properties".[2] Players are able to tease, groom, and teach the pet, and so they must be able to learn behaviors from the player.[1] However, these behaviors are typically "preprogrammed and are not truly emergent".[2]

Game designers try to sustain the player's attention by mixing common behaviors with more rare ones, so the player is motivated to keep playing until they see them.[1] Otherwise, these games often lack a victory condition or challenge, and can be classified as software toys.[2] Games such as Nintendogs have been implemented for the Nintendo DS, although there are also simple electronic games that have been implemented on a keychain, such as Tamagotchi.[1] There are also numerous online pet-raising/virtual pet games, such as Neopets. Today online games which allow you to raise show dogs or sim horse games are also quite popular.

Some artificial life games allow players to manage a population of creatures over several generations, and try to achieve goals for the population as a whole.[1] These games have been called genetic artificial life games,[1] or biological simulations.[9] Players are able to crossbreed creatures, which have a set of genes or descriptors that define the creature's characteristics.[1] Some games also introduce mutations due to random or environmental factors, which can benefit the population as creatures reproduce.[10] These creatures typically have a short life-span, such as the Creatures series where organisms can survive from half an hour to well over seven hours.[1] Players are able to watch forces of natural selection shape their population, but can also interact with the population by breeding certain individuals together, by modifying the environment, or by introducing new creatures from their design.[10]

Another group of biological simulation games seek to simulate the life of an individual animal whose role the player assumes (rather than simulating an entire ecosystem controlled by the player). These include Wolf and its sequel Lion, the similar WolfQuest, and the more modest Odell educational series.

In addition, a large number of games have loose biological or evolutionary themes but don't attempt to reflect closely the reality of either biology or evolution: these include, within the "God game" variety, Evolution: The Game of Intelligent Life and Spore, and within the arcade/RPG variety, a multitude of entertainment software products including Bird Week, Eco and EVO: Search for Eden.

Social simulation games explore social interactions between multiple artificial lives. The most famous example from this genre is The Sims,[11] which was influenced by the 1985 game Little Computer People.[12][13] These games are part of a subcategory of artificial life game sometimes called a virtual dollhouse,[1] a category which includes Animal Crossing by Nintendo.[14]

• Bird Week (1986) – a simple game for the Famicom where the player assumes the role of a bird feeding its young
• Creatures series, by Creature Labs/Gameware Development
• Lion – the sequel to Wolf; simulates the life of a lion
• Odell Lake and Odell Down Under, simple educational games about aquatic life and food chains
• Saurian – simulates the life of non-avian dinosaurs in the Hell Creek formation
• Science Horizons Survival – an early game which also teaches about food chains.
• Shelter – simulates the life of a badger family, made by Might and Delight
• Shelter 2 – simulates the life of a lynx family, made by Might and Delight
• SimAnt – a Maxis game that allows the player to assume control of an ant colony
• SimEarth – another Maxis game that deals with terraforming and guiding a planet through its geological and biological development.
• SimLife – another Maxis game which experiments with genetics and ecosystems.
• SimPark
• Seaman – a virtual pet game that simulates the raising of a talking fish that develops into a frog-like creature.
• Star Wars: The Gungan Frontier simulates a planet which the player populates with creatures that compete for limited supplies of food.[15]
• Wolf – simulates the life of a wolf, made by Sanctuary Woods.
• WolfQuest

Some games take biology or evolution as a theme, rather than attempting to simulate.

• Ancestors: The Humankind Odyssey (2019, Panache Digital Games) – a survival game, in which the player guides a clan of primates in their open, but hostile environment, while overseeing their evolutionary course.
• Creatures (artificial life program) (1998–2002, Creature Labs) – an early 'artificial-life' program, the Creatures franchise features creatures called 'Norns', each of which has its own 'digital DNA' that later generations can inherit. The Norns are semi-autonomous, but must be trained to interact with their environment to avoid starvation.
• Cubivore: Survival of the Fittest (2002, Nintendo) – an action adventure.
• Eco (1988, Ocean)
• E.V.O.: Search for Eden (1992, Enix) – an arcade game which portrays an evolving organism across different stages. "Evolutionary points" are earned by eating other creatures and are used to evolve.
• flOw (2006, Jenova Chen) – a Flash game similar to E.V.O.
• L.O.L.: Lack of Love (2000, ASCII Entertainment) – a role playing game; the player assumes the role of a creature which gradually changes its body and improves its abilities, but this is done by means of more varied achievements, often involving social interactions with other creatures.
• Seaman (video game) (2000, Vivarium) – a virtual pet video game for the Sega Dreamcast.
• Seventh Cross Evolution (1999, UFO Interactive Games) – an action game.
• Spore (2008, Electronic Arts) – a multi-genre god game. The first and second stages are biology-themed, although the second stage also has more role playing game elements.

• Alter Ego – a personality computer game released by Activision in 1986
• Animal Crossing – a life simulator series by Nintendo. It has also been dubbed as a "communication game" by the company as had Cubivore, Doshin the Giant and GiFTPiA.[16]
• BitLife – a text-based life simulator game for iOS and Android.
• Castaway Paradise
• Eccky – by Media Republic.
• Façade – An artificial-intelligence-based interactive story
• The Story of Seasons series – by Marvelous Entertainment, farming simulator, role-playing game, and dating sim rolled into one.
• The Idolmaster – an idol raising sim by Namco.
• Jones in the Fast Lane – by Sierra Entertainment is one of the earliest life simulators.
• Kudos series – by Positech Games.
• Little Computer People – by David Crane, published by Activision in (1985)
• My Life My Love: Boku no Yume: Watashi no Negai – a life simulation for the Japanese Famicom system
• The Princess Maker series – by Gainax, a raising sim which the player have to raise an adoptive daughter until she reaches adulthood. The final result varies from a ruling queen to an ordinary housewife, or even a prostitute if the player looks after her poorly
• Real Lives – an educational life simulator by Educational Simulations where the player is randomly "born" somewhere in the world and often must deal with third-world difficulties such as disease, malnutrition, and civil war.
• Tenshitachi no gogo – One of the earliest dating sims,[5] released for the 16-bit NEC PC-9801 computer that same year.[6]
• The Sims – by Will Wright, published by EA for the PC (2000), and sequels, The Sims 2 (2004), The Sims 3 (2009) and The Sims 4 (2014).
• Tomodachi Life – by Nintendo
• True Love – (1995), a Japanese erotic dating sim and general life simulation game where the player must manage the player's daily activities, such as studying, exercise, and employment.
• The Virtual Villagers series – by Last Day of Work.
• Moon RPG Remix Adventure – a social RPG released only in Japan, created by the same designer as Lack of Love and GiFTPiA
• New York Nights: Success in the City – a social simulation created and designed by Gameloft released for mobile phones.
• Second Life – a multi-user virtual community without a specific objective or traditional gaming mechanisms, created and designed by Linden Lab in 2003.
• Shenmue – an open world video game series that simulates life in Japan and China in the year 1986.[17]
• Yakuza – a video game series based in modern-day Japan featuring beat 'em up mechanics developed and published by Sega.
• Wall Street Kid – a life simulation about balancing love with high finance