White Rabbit (song)

"White Rabbit" was written and performed by Grace Slick while she was still with the Great Society. Slick quit them and joined Jefferson Airplane to replace their departing female singer, Signe Toly Anderson, who left the band with the birth of her child. The first album Slick recorded with Jefferson Airplane was Surrealistic Pillow, and Slick provided two songs from her previous group: her own "White Rabbit" and "Somebody to Love", written by her brother-in-law Darby Slick and recorded under the title "Someone to Love" by the Great Society.[5] The Great Society's version of "White Rabbit" was much longer than the more aggressive version of Jefferson Airplane. Both songs became top-10 hits[6] for Jefferson Airplane and have ever since been associated with that band.[7]

1967 trade ad for the single

"White Rabbit" is one of Grace Slick's earliest songs, written during December 1965 or January 1966.[8] It uses imagery found in the fantasy works of Lewis Carroll—1865's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and its 1871 sequel Through the Looking-Glass—such as changing size after taking pills or drinking an unknown liquid.

Slick wrote the lyrics first, then composed the music at the piano, moving between minor and major chords for the verses and chorus. She said that the music was heavily influenced by Miles Davis' Sketches of Spain, particularly Davis' treatment of the Concierto de Aranjuez. She later said: "Writing weird stuff about Alice backed by a dark Spanish march was in step with what was going on in San Francisco then. We were all trying to get as far away from the expected as possible."[8]

Slick said the composition was supposed to be a slap to parents who read their children such novels and then wondered why their children later used drugs.[9] Characters Slick referenced include Alice, the White Rabbit, the hookah-smoking caterpillar, the White Knight, the Red Queen, and the Dormouse.[10] Slick reportedly wrote the song after an acid trip.[11]

For Slick, "White Rabbit" "is about following your curiosity. The White Rabbit is your curiosity".[12] For her and others in the 1960s, drugs were a part of mind expansion and social experimentation. With its enigmatic lyrics, "White Rabbit" became one of the first songs to sneak drug references past censors on the radio. Even Marty Balin, Slick's eventual rival in Jefferson Airplane, regarded the song as a "masterpiece". In interviews, Slick has related that Alice in Wonderland was often read to her as a child and remained a vivid memory well into her adulthood.[3]

In an interview with The Wall Street Journal, Slick mentioned that, in addition to Alice in Wonderland, her other inspiration for the song was Ravel's Boléro. Like Boléro, "White Rabbit" is essentially one long crescendo. The music combined with the song's lyrics strongly suggests the sensory distortions experienced with hallucinogens, and the song was later used in pop culture to imply or accompany just such a state.[13]

The song was first played by the Great Society in a bar in San Francisco in early 1966, and later when they opened the bill for bigger bands like the Grateful Dead. They made a series of demo records for Autumn Records, where they were assisted by Sly Stone. Grace Slick said: "We were so bad that Sly eventually played all the instruments so the demo would sound OK." When Slick joined Jefferson Airplane later in 1966, she taught the song to the band, who recorded it for their album Surrealistic Pillow.[8]

Cashbox[21] (11 weeks): 59, 45, 23, 14, 12, 11, 8, 6, 7, 22, 41

• Grace Slick – vocals
• Jorma Kaukonen – lead guitar
• Paul Kantner – rhythm guitar
• Jack Casady – bass
• Spencer Dryden – drums

Many artists have covered the song. Among the more notable examples are:

• Guitarist George Benson's jazz version from 1971, featuring an electric piano solo by Herbie Hancock.
• A single released in 1980 by punk/gothic rock band the Damned.
• The 1985 cover by the Zarkons, a new name at the time for the Southern California punk bank The Alley Cats.[22]
• The 1987 cover by American metal band Sanctuary on their 1987 debut album Refuge Denied.
• The 1993 cover by industrial rock group Death Method for the various artists compilation album Shut Up Kitty.
• A 1996 version by Icelandic singer-songwriter Emilíana Torrini, used on the soundtrack for the 2011 film Sucker Punch.
• Born For Bliss covered the song in 1997 on their album Flowing with the Flue.
• The 2002 album Don't Know When I'll Be Back Again: A Compilation Benefiting American Veterans of the Vietnam War contains a cover by the band Enon.
• Blue Man Group used the song in their stage production and put it into their 2003 album, The Complex.
• Patti Smith covered the song in 2007 on her album Twelve.
• Collide contributed a DnB-remix version for the soundtrack of Resident Evil: Extinction in 2007.
• Ladyhawke performed a cover on Triple J's "Like a Version" radio show in 2012.[23]
• Paul Kalkbrenner used the lyrics in his 2015 remix of the song named "Feed Your Head".
• Joe Hawley of the band Tally Hall covered the song for his solo album Joe Hawley Joe Hawley in 2016.
• Pop-rock singer Pink has covered the song in 2016 for the Disney movie Alice Through the Looking Glass without the version appearing on the soundtrack. Instead, her version appeared as a bonus track on the Japanese edition of her 2017 album, Beautiful Trauma.
• Haley Reinhart covered the song on her 2017 album What's That Sound?.
• Swedish artist Loreen uses to perform the song live.
• Grace Potter and the Nocturnals covered the song on the concept album Almost Alice.[24]

Jefferson Airplane's version of White Rabbit is used in the "Underworld" bunker smoking scene in Platoon (film), written and directed by Oliver Stone, which was released in 1986. [25]

In the 1999 Futurama episode "A Head in the Polls" Richard Nixon sings an alternate version of "White Rabbit". In 1969, Nixon hosted a tea party for graduates of Finch College, and Slick was invited under her former name of Grace Wing. She brought a known political protester as her guest, and planned to spike Nixon's tea with 600 micrograms of LSD. He comments that he is meeting those 'stupid hippies' halfway by singing a song about an LSD trip written by a woman who attempted to drug him with it.

Featured in a full length commercial for the Xbox 360 game Lost Odyssey.

Jefferson Airplane's version appears in a 2020 TV commercial for Celebrity Cruises and in a 2015 feature film documenting the life of American chess Grandmaster Bobby Fischer titled Pawn Sacrifice.

Appears in "American Dad" Season 5, episode 1, when Steve is on his way to rescue his father Stan in a Vietnam war reanactment.

• Song Review: White Rabbit, Allmusic.
• IMDB Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas Reference
• IMDB Sucker Punch Reference
• Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
• White Rabbit, by Jefferson Airplane with Grace Slick on vocals. From The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour (1967). Licensed to YouTube. (video - 2:29 minutes)
• White Rabbit, by Jefferson Starship with Cathy Richardson on lead vocals, Paul Kantner, David Freiberg, Donny Baldwin, Slick Aguilar, Chris Smith, Marty Balin. From the 2012 PBS Special, My Music: 60s Pop, Rock and Soul. Via YouTube. (video - 2:45 minutes)