Vikværsk

Vikværsk, viksk or Wickish (Wickish: víkskt, víksk, víkske) is a Norwegian dialect spoken in the outer parts of Oslofjorden; Østfold and Vestfold. Some can be heard in the lower parts of Buskerud, Akershus and Telemark.

The name

Vik means wick or bay (Old Norse: vík), and -vær (Old Norse: veri) is a suffix meaning protector, which is a common Norwegian suffix for making demonyms. Ultimately, "Vikværsk" means the language of the inhabitants of the Wick.

Idiosyncrasy

The ending -a, which is used in some grammatical areas as simple past tense, definite form of feminine nouns and so, has changed into /-ä in some parts where Vikværsk is spoken. The same goes for the plural endings -ær/-är and -æne/-äne in masculinum which is changed from middle Norwegian -ar and -ane.

Another well known phenomenon is the word ente (not), which is mostly heard in Østfold. This might be an example of the Swedish influence, since the Norwegian word for not is ikke/ikkje and the Swedish word is inte .

Monophthongs are common to the southeast of where the dialect is spoken, and is the only dialect in all of Norway where these has come naturally.

Pronunciation

Thick l exists throughout the whole eastern part of Norway, but should also be mentioned. It has evolved from Old Norse l and .

Orthography and alphabet

There is no set orthography for the dialect, so it is mostly written by using the standard Norwegian orthography. However, enthusiasts have experimented with different orthographies, and the most common one is used beneath.

Nouns

Vikværsk

Indefinite singular Definite singular Indefinite plural Definite plural
Masculine én steger/stéga steiern/stégan steierar/stegerær/stégar/stégær steierane/stegeræne/stégane/stégæne ladder
Feminine ei/é sie sia/síæ er siene side, page
Neuter ett hus huse/huset hus/huser husa/husæ/husene house

Bokmål

Indefinite singular Definite singular Indefinite plural Definite plural
Masculine en stige stigen stiger stigene ladder
Feminine ei/en side sida/en sider sidene side, page
Neuter et hus huset hus husa/husene house

Nynorsk

Indefinite singular Definite singular Indefinite plural Definite plural
Masculine ein stige stigen stigar stigane ladder
Feminine ei side sida sider sidene side, page
Neuter eit hus huset hus husa house

Verbs

The verbs can now and then be totally foreign for other Norwegians, and it is hard to find a pattern in conjugating them.

Vikværsk

Infinitive Simple present Simple past Simple future Present perfect
to pet á staka/stakæ/stake staker staka/stakæ ska/ské staka/stakæ har/her staka/stakæ
to sink á sekke sekker sökk ska/ské sekke har/her sekki(t)/sökki(t)
to lie á ljúge ljúger ljúggde/ljög/lög ska/ské ljúge har/her ljögi(t)/ljúgi(t)/ljüggd/lögi(t)
to be o ver(r)a/ver(r)æ er var ska/ské ver(r)a/vär(r)æ har/her vör(r)i(t)/vart/vert

As you see, some irregular verbs have the "-a" ending in infinitive. In many cases, this is the only difference between standard Norwegian and Vikværsk irregular verbs.

Bokmål

Infinitive Simple present Simple past Simple future Present perfect
to pole å stake staker staket/staka skal stake har staket/staka
to sink å synke synker sank skal synke har sunket
to lie å lyge/ljuge lyger/ljuger løy/ljugde skal lyge/ljuge har løyet/ljugd
to be å være er var skal være har vært
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