United Provinces of British India
The United Provinces of British India, more commonly known as the United Provinces, was a province of British India, which came into existence on 3 January 1921 as a result of the renaming of the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh. It corresponded approximately to the combined regions of the present-day Indian states of Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand. It ceased to exist on 1 April 1937 when it was renamed as the United Provinces.[1] Lucknow became its capital some time after 1921.
| United Provinces of British India | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Province of British India | |||||||||
| 1921–1937 | |||||||||
 Coat of arms
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.jpg) Map of the United Provinces from The Imperial Gazetteer of India | |||||||||
| Capital | Lucknow | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
• Established | 1921 | ||||||||
• Disestablished | 1937 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of | Uttar Pradesh Uttarakhand | ||||||||
Administrative divisions
The United Provinces of British India included 9 divisions with 48 districts.
- Meerut Division
- Meerut District
- Dehra Dun District
- Saharanpur District
- Muzaffarnagar District
- Bulandshahr District
- Aligarh District
- Agra Division
- Muttra District (Mathura)
- Agra District
- Farrukhabad District
- Mainpuri District
- Etawah District
- Etah District
- Rohilkhand Division
- Bijnaur District (Bijnor)
- Moradabad District
- Budaun District
- Bareilly District
- Shahjahanpur District
- Pilibhit District
- Allahabad Division
- Cawnpore District (Kanpur)
- Fatehpur District
- Banda District
- Allahabad District
- Hamirpur District
- Jhansi District
- Jalaun District
- Benares Division
- Mirzapur District
- Benares District
- Jaunpur District
- Ghazipur District
- Ballia District
- Gorakhpur Division
- Azamgarh District
- Gorakhpur District
- Basti District
- Kumaun Division
- Almora District
- Naini Tal District
- Garhwal District
- Lucknow Division
- Lucknow District
- Unao District (Unnao)
- Rae Bareli District
- Hardoi District
- Sitapur District
- Kheri District
- Faizabad Division
- Faizabad District
- Bahraich District
- Gonda District
- Sultanpur District
- Bara Banki District
- Partabgarh District
Princely states
Dyarchy (1920–37)
The Government of India Act 1919 expanded the United Provinces Legislative Council to 123 seats include more elected Indian members. The reforms also introduced the principle of dyarchy, whereby certain responsibilities such as agriculture, health, education, and local government, were transferred to elected ministers. However, the important portfolios like finance, police and irrigation were reserved with members of the Governor's Executive Council. Some of the prominent members and ministers in the United Provinces were Mohammad Ali Mohammad Khan (Home Member), C. Y. Chintamani (Minister of Education and Industries) and Jagat Narain Mulla (Minister Local Self Government).[2]
References
- Provinces of British India
- Jafri, Saiyid Zaheer Husain. Transformations in Indian History. Anamika Publishers and Distributors. p. 447.