Type 052C destroyer

The Type 052C destroyer (NATO/OSD Luyang II-class destroyer) is a class of guided missile destroyers in the Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy Surface Force (PLAN). The Type 052C introduced both fixed active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar and vertically launched surface-to-air missiles into PLAN service,[4] making it the first PLAN warship with area air defence capability.[5]

Changchun (150)
Class overview
Builders: Jiangnan Shipyard
Operators:  PLA Navy Surface Force
Preceded by: Type 051C
Succeeded by: Type 052D
Built: 2002–2015
In service: September 2005–present
Planned: 6
Completed: 6
Active: 6
General characteristics
Type: Guided missile destroyer
Displacement: 7,000 tons[1]
Length: 155 m (508 ft 6 in)[1]
Beam: 17 m (55 ft 9 in)[1]
Draught: 6 m (19 ft 8 in)[1]
Propulsion:
Speed: 29 knots (54 km/h; 33 mph)[1]
Range: 4,500 nautical miles (8,300 km; 5,200 mi) at 15 knots[1]
Complement: 280[1]
Sensors and
processing systems:
Electronic warfare
& decoys:		 NRJ-6A[1]
Armament:
Aircraft carried: 1 helicopter: Kamov Ka-28 or Harbin Z-9[3]
Aviation facilities:
  • Stern hangar
  • Helicopter landing platform

Program

The first two ships, Lanzhou and Haikou, were laid down at the Jiangnan Shipyard in Shanghai in 2002, and entered service in 2004 and 2005 respectively.[1] No new ships were laid down until 2010;[6] the pause may have been due to the relocation of the shipyard.[7]

Design

The Type 052C appears to share the same basic hull design as the Type 052B destroyer, which in turn is based on the Type 051B destroyer. Stealth features are incorporated.[1]

The Type 052C uses predominantly Chinese systems derived from earlier foreign technology; the preceding Type 052 and Type 052B destroyers used a mixture of Russian and Chinese systems.[7]

Missiles
Forward VLS launchers
YJ-62 anti-ship missile launchers

The Type 052C carries 48 HHQ-9 naval surface-to-air missiles (SAM),[1] each with a range of 55 nautical miles (102 km; 63 mi).[8] The SAMs are cold launched[9] from eight revolver-type vertical launchers, with six missiles per launcher.[6]

Eight YJ-62 anti-ship missiles are carried in two quad-canister launchers just forward of the hangar.[1] Each missile has a range of 150 nautical miles (280 km; 170 mi).[8]

Guns

The main gun is a 100 mm (4 in) PJ-87. The gun suffered from jamming and may have influenced the decision to adopt a different weapon for the Type 052D destroyer.[2][10] The weapon has a rate of fire of 25 rounds per minute.[1]

Close-in defence is provided by two seven-barrel 30 mm (1.2 in) Type 730 CIWS, one mounted forward of the bridge and one atop the hangar. Each gun has a maximum rate of fire of 4200 rounds per minute.[1]

Anti-submarine systems

Two triple 324 mm (13 in) torpedo tubes are carried; these are copies or derivatives of the Whitehead Alenia Sistemi Subacquei B515/ILAS-3.[1][11] This launcher may fire the Yu-7 ASW torpedo.[11]

Radar
Forward Type 346 radar panels and Type 730 CIWS

The Type 052C is the first PLAN warship to mount[2] the G-band[1] Type 346 AESA radar.[4] The four phased array antennas are mounted on the taller forward superstructure. The Type 346 is used for air search, and provides fire control for the HHQ-9.[1] The combination of AESA radar and VLS SAMs produces a marked increase in anti-aircraft firepower over previous PLAN warships.[4]

Aircraft
Type 052C Xi'an in close formation during RIMPAC 2016
Xi'an (153) and Z-9 at RIMPAC 2016

A Kamov Ka-28 or Harbin Z-9 helicopter may operate from the rear hangar and flight deck.[3] The Ka-28 is equipped with a search radar and dipping sonar and can also employ sonobuoys, torpedoes, depth charges, or mines.[12] The Z-9 is a variant of the Airbus Helicopters AS365 Dauphin. The naval variant of the Z-9, the Z-9C, is equipped with the KLC-1 search radar, dipping sonar, and is typically armed with a single, lightweight torpedo.[13] Either helicopter significantly improves the anti-submarine capabilities of the Type 052C.

Propulsion

The Type 052C propulsion is in the combined diesel or gas (CODOG) arrangement, with two Ukrainian DA80 gas turbines and two[1] MTU 20V 956TB92 diesel engines.[2]

The DA80s had blade problems and may have contributed to the last two Type 052Cs sitting pierside at the shipyard for two years without being accepted by the PLAN.[2]

The MTU 20V 956TB92 engines were license-produced by Shaanxi Diesel Engine Works.[2]

Ships of class
Hull no. Name Builder Launched Commissioned Fleet Status
170[14] 兰州 / Lanzhou[14] Jiangnan Shipyard[1] 29 April 2003[1] 18 July 2004[1] South Sea Fleet[1] Active[14]
171[14] 海口 / Haikou[14] Jiangnan Shipyard[1] 30 October 2003[1] 20 July 2005[1] South Sea Fleet[1] Active[14]
150[14] 长春 / Changchun[14] 31 January 2013[15] East Sea Fleet[15] Active[14]
151[14] 郑州 / Zhengzhou[14] Active[14]
152[14] 济南 / Jinan[14] Active[14]
153[14] 西安 / Xi'an[14] Active[14]

See also

References
  1. Saunders, Stephan, ed. (2009). Jane's Fighting Ships 2009-2010. Jane's Information Group. p. 137. ISBN 978-0710628886.
  2. Bussert, James C. (1 November 2015). "China Develops Aircraft Carrier Group Leader". SIGNAL Magazine. AFCEA. Retrieved 24 May 2019.
  3. McDevitt: pages 61
  4. McDevitt: pages 59-60
  5. Cole, Bernard D. "What Do China's Surface Fleet Developments Suggest about Its Maritime Strategy?". CSMI Red Book. United States Naval War College. 14: 23. ISBN 978-1-935352-45-7. Retrieved 22 May 2019.
  6. Li: page 44
  7. McDevitt: pages 59
  8. United States Department of Defense: Annual Report To Congress 2019, page 70
  9. Bussert, James C. (1 December 2013). "China Destroyer Consolidates Innovations, Other Ship Advances". SIGNAL Magazine. AFCEA. Retrieved 22 May 2019.
  10. O'Rourke, Ronald (21 March 2013). CRS Report for CongressPrepared for Members and Committees of Congress China Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S. Navy Capabilities—Background and Issues for Congress (PDF). RL33153 (Report). Congressional Research Service. p. 28. Retrieved 24 May 2019.
  11. "Undersea dragon: Chinese ASW capabilities advance" (PDF). Jane's. 2017. Retrieved 24 May 2019.
  12. United States Navy Office of Naval Intelligence: The PLA Navy, pages 20-21
  13. United States Navy Office of Naval Intelligence: The PLA Navy, pages 20
  14. United States Navy Office of Naval Intelligence (2018). PLA Navy Identification Guide (Report). Archived from the original on 30 April 2019. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
  15. Qian, Xiaohu (5 February 2013). "Changchun' warship commissioned to PLA Navy". People's Daily Online. Archived from the original on 15 February 2013. Retrieved 22 March 2013.

Bibliography
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