Tri-state area

Tri-state area is an informal term in the eastern contiguous United States for any of several regions associated with a particular town or metropolis that, with adjacent suburbs, lies across three states. Some of these involve a state boundary tripoint. Other tri-state areas have a more diffuse population that shares a connected economy and geography — especially with respect to geology, botany, or climate — The term "tri-state area" is often present in movies, radio and television commercials.

Tri-state areas

The Quincy, Evansville and Huntington–Ashland areas are noteworthy for the states included all being separated by rivers.

Tripoints

Land

Of the 62 points in the United States where three and only three states meet (each of which may be associated with its own tri-state area), 35 are on dry land and 27 are in water.[1]

NY–MA–CT tripoint marker
CT–RI–MA tripoint marker
NJ–NY–PA tripoint marker
IN–MI–OH tripoint marker
CO–KS–OK tripoint marker (8 Mile Corner)
State 1 State 2 State 3 Notes
Alabama Florida Georgia Marker on riverbank is actually a few feet above and west of true tripoint at high-water line.
Alabama Georgia Tennessee Marker on dry land at surface level and unmarked on lake in cavern directly below. Stolen in 2009 and returned two years later.[2][3]
Arizona Nevada Utah Marked with a red sandstone monument.[4]
Arkansas Louisiana Mississippi Unmarked on silt island in river connected to west bank by riprap.
Arkansas Louisiana Texas See Ark-La-Tex. Marker in process of being surrounded and absorbed by tree.
Arkansas Missouri Oklahoma Marked with a stone monument.[5]
Arkansas Oklahoma Texas Unmarked on seasonal silt island or in river bed, but Oklahoma–Texas state line as revised in 2000 is defective in not extending from vegetation line on south bank to pre-established tripoint.
California Nevada Oregon Marked with a cairn.[6]
Colorado Kansas Nebraska Marked with a brass disc.[7]
Colorado Kansas Oklahoma 8 Mile Corner. Marker is concealed in crypt beneath removable manhole cover.
Colorado Nebraska Wyoming Marked with a stone surrounded by a three-stone colored base.[8]
Colorado New Mexico Oklahoma Preston Monument
Colorado Utah Wyoming Marked.[9]
Connecticut Massachusetts New York See Brace Mountain or Mount Frissell. Marked with a stone inscribed with MASS-1898-NY and sometimes a "scratched-on" CONN.[10]
Connecticut Massachusetts Rhode Island See Thompson, Connecticut. Marked with a stone inscribed with MASS-CONN-RI.[11]
Delaware Maryland Pennsylvania See Delaware Wedge. Marked with a stone inscribed with M-M-P-P, as this was not the original intended tri-point.[12]
Georgia North Carolina Tennessee Marked.[13]
Idaho Montana Wyoming Located within Yellowstone National Park. Marked, although difficult to access.[14]
Idaho Nevada Oregon Marked with a three-sided stone inscribed with N-I-O on the respective faces.[15]
Idaho Nevada Utah Marked with a granite monument inscribed with the respective states' names.[16]
Idaho Utah Wyoming Marked with a stone.[17]
Indiana Michigan Ohio Brass marker with the shapes of the three states is located in a monument box beneath the surface of a rural road. Was set in 1999[18] and is referenced by a granite marker 20 feet to the east on the Michigan-Ohio line.[19]
Iowa Minnesota South Dakota True point is marked with a disc in the center of a T-shaped road intersection.[20] A witness monument nearby in the South Dakota corner acknowledges the tri-point being set in 1859.
Kansas Missouri Oklahoma Marked with a plaque on a seldom used dead-end road.[21]
Kentucky Tennessee Virginia Tri-State Peak[22] Located within Cumberland Gap National Historical Park. Marked.
Kentucky Virginia West Virginia Marked with a USCG marker on top of a two-foot high iron pipe at the river's high point.[23]
Maryland Pennsylvania West Virginia Marked with a pyramid-like stone.[24]
Massachusetts New Hampshire Vermont Marker is technically on dry land, but buried within river bed due to a dam's construction downstream.[25]
Massachusetts New York Vermont Marked with a stone.[26]
Montana North Dakota South Dakota Marked with a red granite stone.[27]
Montana South Dakota Wyoming Marked with a stone within a fence.[28]
Nebraska South Dakota Wyoming Marked with a stone within a fence.[29]
New Jersey New York Pennsylvania Marked by the Tri-States Monument by Port Jervis, New York, at the confluence of the Delaware and Neversink rivers.[30]
New Mexico Oklahoma Texas Texhomex Marker
North Carolina Tennessee Virginia Marked.[31]

Water
State 1 State 2 State 3 Water Notes
Alabama Mississippi Tennessee Tennessee River
Arizona California Nevada Colorado River
Arkansas Mississippi Tennessee Mississippi River Memphis, Tennessee metro area.
Arkansas Missouri Tennessee Mississippi River
Connecticut New York Rhode Island Long Island Sound The part of New York that is in this tri-state area is Fishers Island. It is the New London, Connecticut metro area.
Delaware New Jersey Pennsylvania Delaware River Philadelphia metro area, at the east end of the Twelve-Mile Circle.
Florida Georgia Alabama Chattahoochee River Located in river very near marker on dry land.
Georgia North Carolina South Carolina Chatooga River Located in river very near marker on dry land.
Idaho Oregon Washington Snake River
Illinois Indiana Kentucky Wabash River and Ohio River Evansville, Indiana metro area. See Illinois–Indiana–Kentucky tri-state area.
Illinois Indiana Michigan Lake Michigan Known as either the Indiana Dunes or the Michigan Dunes Area
Illinois Iowa Wisconsin Mississippi River Dubuque, Iowa metro area.
Illinois Kentucky Missouri Mississippi River and Ohio River Little Egypt region popularly labeled as a tri-state area with St. Louis, Missouri, Carbondale, Illinois metro area and Paducah, Kentucky being its nuclei.
Illinois Michigan Wisconsin Lake Michigan
Indiana Kentucky Ohio Ohio River Cincinnati metro area. The tripoint is near, but not precisely at, the confluence with the Great Miami River.
Iowa Illinois Missouri Mississippi River and Des Moines River Border with Lee County, Iowa
Iowa Minnesota Wisconsin Mississippi River La Crosse, Wisconsin metro area. Was apparently marked at one time with a sign that had been anchored in the location, but that sign has since been moved as of 2001.[32]
Iowa Missouri Nebraska Missouri River
Iowa Nebraska South Dakota Big Sioux River and Missouri River Sioux City, Iowa metro area.
Kansas Missouri Nebraska Missouri River
Kentucky Missouri Tennessee Mississippi River Three separate tripoints, due to meanders of the river (though probably only a single tri-state area surrounding them all). See also Kentucky Bend.
Kentucky Ohio West Virginia Big Sandy River and Ohio River Huntington (W.V.)-Ashland (Ky.)-Ironton (Oh.) Tri-State region.
Maryland Virginia West Virginia Potomac River Unmarked, at low water line, and almost always submerged.
Michigan Minnesota Wisconsin Lake Superior
Minnesota North Dakota South Dakota Bois de Sioux River Not directly marked and most probably within river.
Ohio Pennsylvania West Virginia Ohio River Technically the Beginning Point of the U.S. Public Land Survey, although the actual monument is 1,112 feet north of the tripoint due to the tripoint's current location under water; Pittsburgh Tri-State.

Regions with no tripoint

The following tri-state areas are also notable, but have no tripoint:

State 1 State 2 State 3 Notes
Alabama Florida Mississippi The Gulf Coast region.
Connecticut New Jersey New York New York metropolitan area. See New York metropolitan area.
Delaware Maryland New Jersey Wilmington, Delaware, metropolitan area
Delaware Maryland Virginia Delmarva Peninsula
Idaho Montana Washington Spokane, Washington, area; connected by Interstate 90
Illinois Indiana Wisconsin Chicago metro area
Kansas Oklahoma Texas The Liberal, Kansas, area has a close relationship with the Oklahoma and Texas panhandles.
Massachusetts Maine New Hampshire The Boston to Portland, Maine, metro area; though the two are separated by New Hampshire, Maine was actually part of Massachusetts before becoming a separate state in 1820.
New York Pennsylvania Ohio Erie metropolitan area, a.k.a. Niagara Frontier and North Coast. Shares two tripoints with the province of Ontario (PA–ON–OH and PA–ON–NY), both within Lake Erie.
South Carolina North Carolina Tennessee The Spartanburg, South Carolina, Asheville, North Carolina, Johnson City, Tennessee and Kingsport, Tennessee metro areas along Interstate 26
Vermont Maine New Hampshire Northern New England
West Virginia Virginia North Carolina Important section of Interstate 77 connecting Charleston, West Virginia with Charlotte, North Carolina; passes through Wytheville, Virginia

See also

References
  1. "Tri State Corners in the United States" (PDF). Jack Parsell.
  2. Wheatley, Thomas. "Camak Stone, border marker between Tennessee and Georgia, is missing". Creativeloafing.com. Retrieved 7 May 2017.
  3. Vardeman, Johnny. "Stolen stone returns home minus fanfare". Gainesville Times. Retrieved 7 May 2017.
  4. "Arizona–Nevada–Utah" (PDF). Bjbsoftware.com. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  5. "Arkansas–Missouri–Oklahoma" (PDF). Bjbsoftware.com. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  6. "Oregon–California–Nevada" (PDF). Bjbsoftware.com. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  7. "Colorado–Nebraska–Kansas" (PDF). Bjbsoftware.com. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  8. "Colorado–Nebraska–Wyoming" (PDF). Bjbsoftware.com. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  9. "Colorado–Utah–Wyoming" (PDF). Bjbsoftware.com. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  10. "Connecticut–Massachusetts–New York". Bjbsoftware.com. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  11. "Connecticut–Massachusetts–Rhode Island". Bjbsoftware.com. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  12. "Delaware–Maryland–Pennsylvania". Bjbsoftware.com. Archived from the original on March 19, 2002. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  13. "Georgia–North Carolina–Tennessee" (PDF). Bjbsoftware.com. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  14. "Idaho–Montana–Wyoming" (PDF). Bjbsoftware.com. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  15. "Idaho–Nevada–Oregon" (PDF). Bjbsoftware.com. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  16. "Idaho–Nevada–Utah" (PDF). Bjbsoftware.com. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  17. "Idaho–Utah–Wyoming" (PDF). Bjbsoftware.com. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  18. "Jack Parsell's description of the IN-MI-OH tripoint" (PDF). Bjbsoftware.com. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  19. "Geocaching – The Official Global GPS Cache Hunt Site". Geocaching.com. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  20. "Photo by Gregg A. Butler of the IA-MN-SD tripoint and its witness post" (JPG). Bjbsoftware.com. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  21. "Kansas–Missouri–Oklahoma". Bjbsoftware.com. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  22. "KY-TN-VA Tri-State Peak at Cumberland Gap National Historical Park". Nps.gov. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
  23. "Kentucky–Virginia–West Virginia" (PDF). Bjbsoftware.com. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  24. "Maryland–Pennsylvania–West Virginia" (PDF). Bjbsoftware.com. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  25. Eric Jones. New Hampshire Curiosities. Globe Pequot, 2006. p. 114-5
  26. "Massachusetts–New York–Vermont". Bjbsoftware.com. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  27. "Montana–North Dakota–South Dakota" (PDF). Bjbsoftware.com. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  28. "Montana–South Dakota–Wyoming" (PDF). Bjbsoftware.com. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  29. "Nebraska–South Dakota–Wyoming" (PDF). Bjbsoftware.com. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  30. "New York–Pennsylvania–New Jersey Tristate" (PDF). Bjbsoftware.com. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  31. "North Carolina–Tennessee–Virginia" (PDF). Bjbsoftware.com. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  32. "Iowa–Minnesota–Wisconsin". Bjbsoftware.com. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
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