Timeline of San Diego
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of San Diego, California, United States.
Before the 19th century
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- 1542 – First European contact with the area, as Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo enters San Diego Bay.
- 1602 – Second European contact, as Sebastián Vizcaíno maps and names San Diego Bay.
- 1769 – Presidio of San Diego and Mission San Diego de Alcalá established; first settlements of Alta California in New Spain.[1]
- 1774 – Mission is moved from Presidio Hill to current site 6 miles away, near San Diego River
- 1795 – Public school opens.[2]
19th century
- 1821 – Mexico gains its independence from Spain; San Diego becomes part of the Mexican province of Alta California.
- 1834
- Mission secularized; Mission lands sold or given to wealthy Californios
- San Diego becomes a pueblo.
- Richard Henry Dana, Jr. visits San Diego as a sailor, later writing about his experiences in the best-selling book Two Years Before the Mast.
- 1835 – Juan María Osuna becomes alcalde.
- 1838 – San Diego loses pueblo status because of declining population
- 1840 – Population: 140.[3]
- 1846–47 Mexican–American War
- Battle of San Pasqual on December 6–7, 1846
- Treaty of Cahuenga ceasefire signed January 13, 1847
- 1848 – Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (proclaimed July 4, 1848) transfers San Diego and all of Alta California to the United States of America
- 1850
- California is admitted to the United States; San Diego becomes seat of San Diego County; San Diego is granted a city charter by the California legislature
- William Heath Davis proposes "New San Diego" by the bay front, builds a pier and lays out streets, but proposed development is unsuccessful
- 1851 – Herald newspaper begins publication.[2]
- 1852
- City goes bankrupt; city charter repealed by legislature; city placed under control of a board of trustees[4]
- U.S. Army sets aside southern part of Point Loma for military uses, later developed into Fort Rosecrans
- 1855 – Point Loma Lighthouse built.[2]
- 1858 – October: Hurricane.
- 1866 – Louis Rose lays out town of Roseville, later incorporated into San Diego
- 1867 – Alonzo Horton promotes move to "New Town", site of current Downtown.
- 1868
- City reserves 1,400 acres (570 ha) of land as City Park, now Balboa Park
- San Diego Union newspaper begins publication.[5]
- 1870
- Chamber of Commerce established.[6]
- Horton House hotel in business.
- 1871 – City and County records are moved from Old Town to New Town, establishing New Town as the city's hub
- 1872 – San Diego incorporated.[3]
- 1880 – Population: 2,637;[3] county 8,018.
- 1881 – The Sun newspaper begins publication.[5]
- 1882 –
- San Diego Free Public Library established.[7]
- Russ High School (now San Diego High School) opens; first high school in the city.
- YMCA established.[2]
- 1883-1886 - John J. Montgomery makes successful flights with manned gliders at Otay Mesa, the first controlled flights in a heavier-than-air flying machine in America.[8]
- 1885 – Santa Fe railway begins operating.[2]
- 1886 – Horse-drawn streetcar line established downtown.[2]
- 1887
- Ocean Beach founded.
- San Diego Daily Bee newspaper begins publication.[5]
- National City & Otay Rail Road begins operating.[2]
- Electric streetcar line established between Downtown and Old Town.
- 1888 – Sweetwater Dam completed.
- 1889
- City rechartered; mayor-council form of government adopted.[9]
- Beth Israel synagogue built.
- 1892 – San Diego Electric Railway begins operating.
- 1895 – Evening Tribune newspaper begins publication.[5]
- 1897 – San Diego State Normal School (now San Diego State University) established.[10]
- 1898 – Lomaland established by the Theosophical Society in Point Loma.[11]
20th century
1900s–1940s
- 1901 – Raja Yoga Academy established at Lomaland.
- 1903 – Marine Biological Association of San Diego founded; now Scripps Institution of Oceanography.
- 1904 – Navy Coaling Station established on Point Loma; first navy establishment in the city.[12]
- 1905 – USS Bennington (PG-4) explodes in the harbor due to a faulty boiler, killing 66 and injuring 46; burial and memorial at what later becomes Fort Rosecrans National Cemetery
- 1906 – Navy wireless radio station established on Point Loma.[12]
- 1908 – Great White Fleet visits San Diego.[13]
- 1909
- Scripps Building constructed.
- Construction begins on Broadway Fountain in Horton Plaza.[14]
- William Smythe founds San Ysidro, later (1957) annexed to San Diego.[15]
- 1910
- "City Park" renamed Balboa Park.
- U.S. Grant Hotel built.
- San Diego Civic Orchestra active.
- Aero Club established.[16]
- Population: 39,578;[3] county 61,665.
- Broadway Fountain completed and dedicated October 15, 1910.[14]
- 1912 – February: San Diego free speech fight begins.
- 1913 – Cabrillo National Monument established.
- 1915
- Santa Fe Depot opens.
- March 9: Panama–California Exposition opens.
- May: San Diego stadium opens; now Balboa Stadium.[2]
- 1916 – January–February: the "Hatfield flood", a major flood blamed by San Diegans on Charles Hatfield, a rainmaker they had hired.
- 1917
- Army Camp Kearny established at the site of what would later become Marine Corps Air Station Miramar.
- Marine Corps Camp Matthews marksmanship range established at the site of what would later become the University of California, San Diego
- 1919
- San Diego and Arizona Railway completed.[2]
- National Association for the Advancement of Colored People branch established.[17]
- Holy Cross Cemetery dedicated.
- 1920 – Population: 74,683;[2] county 112,248.
- 1921
- U.S. Marine Corps training base commissioned.
- San Diego Zoo established.
- 1922
- U.S. Navy Destroyer Base, San Diego established; now Naval Base San Diego.[18]
- Rancho Santa Fe settled near San Diego.[2]
- 1923 – Naval Training Center San Diego established.
- 1924 – The first United States aircraft carrier USS Langley began operating out of North Island.[19]
- 1925
- Mission Beach Amusement Center (amusement park) opens.
- U.S. Naval hospital built.
- 1926
- Star of India is towed into San Diego harbor; later renovated and opened as a museum ship
- Fine Arts Gallery opens; now the San Diego Museum of Art.
- 1927
- Charles Lindbergh's plane The Spirit of St. Louis is designed and built in San Diego by the Ryan Airline Company.
- Prudden-San Diego Airplane Company in business; later Solar Aircraft Company, now Solar Turbines.
- El Cortez Hotel built.
- 1928
- San Diego Municipal Airport dedicated as Lindbergh Field.
- San Diego Historical Society founded; now the San Diego History Center.[20]
- 1929 – Fox Theatre dedicated.[2]
- 1930 – Population: 147,995; county 209,659.
- 1931 – San Diego State College dedicated; formerly San Diego State Normal School, now San Diego State University.
- 1933 – Aztec Brewing Company relocates to city.
- 1934 – Ryan Aeronautical Company in business.
- 1935
- May 29: California Pacific International Exposition opens.
- Old Globe Theatre established.
- Consolidated Aircraft Company relocates to city.[19]
- 1936
- San Diego Padres established as a minor league team within the Pacific Coast League.
- Roman Catholic Diocese of San Diego established.[21]
- 1937 – U.S. Coast Guard Air Station San Diego commissioned.
- 1938 – San Diego Civic Center dedicated; now the San Diego County Administration Center.
- 1940
- Marine base Camp Elliott established adjacent to Camp Kearny.
- Population: 203,341; county 289,348.
- 1941 – Consolidated Aircraft becomes San Diego's largest employer with 25,000 employees.[22]
- 1942
- U.S. Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton established near city.
- Japanese submarine I-17 lands secretly at Point Loma before heading north to attack Santa Barbara.[23]
- 1943
- Consolidated Aircraft and Vultee Aircraft merge to become Convair.
- Camp Kearny recommissioned as Naval Auxiliary Air Station Camp Kearny and Marine Corps Air Depot Miramar.
- 1945 – Navy Electronics Laboratory established, now part of Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center Pacific.[24]
- 1946 – Submarine Group San Diego established, now part of Naval Base Point Loma.[24]
1950s–1990s
- 1950 – Population: 333,865; county 556,808.
- 1952
- San Diego College for Women opens; now the University of San Diego.
- Miramar Naval Air Station established.[25]
- 1953 – Urban League established.[17]
- 1955
- General Atomics in business.
- Journal of San Diego History begins publication.[26]
- 1957
- Fort Rosecrans transferred to U.S. Navy.[27]
- Sister city relationship established with Yokohama, Japan.[28]
- 1960
- University of California, San Diego and Salk Institute for Biological Studies established.
- Population: 573,224; county 1,033,011.
- 1961
- San Diego Chargers move to San Diego after one season in Los Angeles.
- San Diego harbor depth was increased to 42 feet (13 m) to allow stationing supercarriers in San Diego. USS Kitty Hawk was the first supercarrier based in San Diego.[29]
- 1963
- Navy Submarine Support Facility established, now part of Naval Base Point Loma.
- San Diego Aerospace Museum established.
- Executive Complex built.
- 1964
- San Diego Community Concourse and City Hall open.
- SeaWorld San Diego opens.
- 1965 – Timken Museum of Art established.
- 1966
- San Diego International Sports Center opens, later known as San Diego Sports Arena, iPay One Center, and Valley View Casino Center, now Pechanga Arena.
- San Diego County Comprehensive Planning Organization established, now San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG).[30]
- 1967
- San Diego Stadium opens, later known as Jack Murphy Stadium and Qualcomm Stadium, now SDCCU Stadium.
- Historical Resources Board established.
- 1969
- San Diego Padres established as a major league team.
- San Diego–Coronado Bridge[31] and Union Bank of California Building constructed.
- TOPGUN United States Navy Strike Fighter Tactics Instructor program was established at Miramar Naval Sir Station.[31]
- Sister city relationships established with Cavite City, Philippines; and León, Mexico.[28]
- 1970
- Golden State Comic Book Convention begins, now San Diego Comic-Con International.
- Chicano Park established in Barrio Logan.
- 1972 – The 1972 Republican National Convention, scheduled to take place in San Diego, was moved to Miami on three months' notice; Mayor Pete Wilson proclaimed "America's Finest City Week" during what would have been convention week.
- 1975 – Centre City Development Corporation formed.[32]
- 1976 - Sister city relationship established with Tema, Ghana.[28]
- 1977 - Sister city relationship established with Edinburgh, UK.[28]
- 1978 – September 25 – PSA Flight 182 crashes on approach to San Diego Airport, killing all 137 people on board and 7 people on the ground; at the time the deadliest plane crash in the U.S.
- 1980 – Population: 875,538; county 1,861,846.
- 1981 – San Diego Trolley begins operating.
- 1982 - Sister city relationships established with Alcalá de Henares, Spain; and Jeonju, South Korea.[28]
- 1983 - Sister city relationship established with Taichung City, Taiwan.[28]
- 1985
- 1986 - Sister city relationship established with Perth, Australia.[28]
- 1989
- San Diego Convention Center opens.
- Symphony Towers built.
- 1990 - Population: 1,110,549.[33]
- 1991
- One America Plaza built.
- Sister city relationship established with Vladivostok, USSR.[28]
- 1992 – inSITE art exhibition begins.[34]
- 1993 - Sister city relationship established with Tijuana, Mexico.[28]
- 1994 - City website online.[35][36]
- 1995
- May 17 – Shawn Nelson steals an M60A3 Patton tank and goes on a rampage with it before being shot and killed by police.
- Sister city relationship established with Campinas, Brazil.[28]
- 1996
- August: 1996 Republican National Convention held.
- Sister city relationship established with Warsaw, Poland.[28]
- 1997 – U.S. Navy Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command ("SPAWAR") headquarters relocated to San Diego.
- 2000 - Population: 1,223,400.[37]
21st century
- 2001 – San Diego River Park Foundation established.
- 2004
- Petco Park (ballpark) opens.
- Sister city relationship established with Jalalabad, Afghanistan.[28]
- 2005
- Voice of San Diego begins publication.[38]
- San Diego Derby Dolls (rollerderby league) formed.
- 2007 – Roman Catholic Diocese of San Diego sex abuse trial held.[39]
- 2008 – Electra highrise built.
- 2009 – Watchdog Institute established at San Diego State University.[38][40]
- 2010 – Population: 1,307,402; metro 3,095,313.[41]
- 2011
- March 18 – Harbor Drive Pedestrian Bridge opens.
- September 8 – 2011 Southwest blackout occurs. 1.4 million customers in San Diego County are left without power.
- 2013 - Population: 1,355,896.[42]
- 2015 - Carlsbad desalination plant opens December 14.[43]
See also
- History of San Diego
- List of pre-statehood mayors of San Diego
- List of mayors of San Diego (since 1850)
- List of San Diego Historic Landmarks
- Timeline of Tijuana history
- Timeline of California[44]
- Timelines of other cities in the Southern California area of California: Anaheim, Bakersfield, Long Beach, Los Angeles, Riverside, San Bernardino, Santa Ana
References
- Paulson 1875.
- Federal Writers' Project 1937.
- Britannica 1910.
- "A History of San Diego Government". Office of the City Clerk. City of San Diego. Retrieved 27 May 2014.
- "US Newspaper Directory". Chronicling America. Washington DC: Library of Congress. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
- California Digital Library. "Browse the Collections". Online Archive of California. University of California. Retrieved April 30, 2015.
- American Library Annual, 1917-1918. New York: R.R. Bowker Co. 1918.
- Harwood, Craig; Fogel, Gary (2012). Quest for Flight: John J. Montgomery and the Dawn of Aviation in the West. Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 978-0806142647.
- "City Charter". Office of the City Clerk. City of San Diego. Retrieved 27 May 2014.
- Patterson's American Educational Directory. 13. Chicago. 1916. hdl:2027/nyp.33433075985949.
- Benson John Lossing, ed. (1905), Harper's Encyclopaedia of United States History, 9, New York: Harper & Brothers
- "Chronology: The Navy in San Diego". U-T San Diego: 2. 4 July 2014.
- "Chronology: The Navy in San Diego". U-T San Diego: 3. 4 July 2014.
- Amero, Richard W. "Horton Plaza Park: Where People Meet and Opposites Collide". Balboa Park History. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
- "History" (PDF). San Ysidro Community Plan. City of San Diego. Retrieved 5 July 2014.
- Roger W. Lotchin (2002), Fortress California, 1910–1961, University of Illinois Press, ISBN 9780252071034
- Broussard 2006.
- "Chronology: The Navy in San Diego". U-T San Diego: 7. 4 July 2014.
- "Chronology: The Navy in San Diego". U-T San Diego: 8. 4 July 2014.
- "Our History". San Diego History Center. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
- "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: USA". Norway: Oslo katolske bispedømme (Oslo Catholic Diocese). Retrieved May 30, 2015.
- Linder, Bruce (2001). San Diego's Navy. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. p. 122. ISBN 1-55750-531-4.
- Linder, Bruce (2001). San Diego's Navy. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. p. 120. ISBN 1-55750-531-4.
- "Chronology: The Navy in San Diego". U-T San Diego: 14. 4 July 2014.
- "Chronology: The Navy in San Diego". U-T San Diego: 15. 4 July 2014.
- "About The Journal of San Diego History". San Diego History Center. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
- Office of Historical Preservation. "San Diego County". California Historical Resources. California State Parks. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
- "Sister Cities". City of San Diego. Retrieved December 30, 2015.
- "Chronology: The Navy in San Diego". U-T San Diego: 17. 4 July 2014.
- "About SANDAG: History". San Diego Association of Governments. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
- "Chronology: The Navy in San Diego". U-T San Diego: 18. 4 July 2014.
- Jordan Ervin (2008–2009). "San Diego's Urban Trophy: Horton Plaza Redevelopment Project". Southern California Quarterly. 90 (4): 419–453. doi:10.2307/41172445. JSTOR 41172445.
- Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990, US Census Bureau, 1998
- "Side by Side". Los Angeles Times. October 21, 2000. Retrieved October 29, 2013.
- "City of San Diego Homepage". Archived from the original on November 1998 – via Internet Archive, Wayback Machine.
- "Official Website of the city of San Diego". Archived from the original on March 2001.
- U.S. Census Bureau, "Mini-Historical Statistics: Population of the Largest 75 Cities: 1900 to 2000" (PDF), Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2003
- "California". CJR's Guide to Online News Startups. New York: Columbia Journalism Review. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
- Allison Hoffman (September 8, 2007). "Diocese settles abuse claims for $198M". USA Today.
- "Watchdog Institute Changes Name, Watchdog Mission Remains Strong". Investigative News Network. September 26, 2011. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
- "Largest Urbanized Areas With Selected Cities and Metro Areas (2010)". US Census Bureau. 2012.
- "The 15 Cities with the Largest Numeric Increase from July 1, 2012 to July 1, 2013" (PDF). US Census Bureau. 2014.
Vintage 2013 Population Estimates
- "Carlsbad Desalination Plant Opens". NBC 7 San Diego. December 14, 2015. Retrieved 12 February 2016.
- Federal Writers' Project (1939), "Chronology", California: Guide to the Golden State, American Guide Series, New York: Hastings House – via Open Library
Bibliography
Published in the 19th century
- "General Description of San Diego County", Hand-book and Directory of San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Ventura, Kern, San Bernardino, Los Angeles & San Diego Counties, San Francisco: L.L. Paulson, 1875
- "San Diego City", Place's Southern California Guide Book, Los Angeles: G.E. Place & Co., 1886
- Maxwell's Directory of San Diego City and County, Geo. W. Maxwell, 1887
- San Diego City and County Directory, Olmstead Company, 1895
Published in the 20th century
- San Diego City and County Directory, San Diego Directory Co., 1901
- "Sán Diego", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424 – via Internet Archive
- Clarence Alan McGrew (1922), City of San Diego and San Diego County, Chicago: American Historical Society, OL 13492998M
- Federal Writers' Project (1937), "Chronology", San Diego: A California City, American Guide Series, San Diego Historical Society, hdl:2027/mdp.39015066092878
- Robert Mayer (1978), Howard B. Furer (ed.), San Diego: a chronological & documentary history, 1535–1976, American Cities Chronology Series, Dobbs Ferry, N.Y.: Oceana Publications, ISBN 0379006138
- Ory Mazar Nergal, ed. (1980), "San Diego, CA", Encyclopedia of American Cities, New York: E.P. Dutton, OL 4120668M
- Robert W. Duemling (1981), San Diego and Tijuana: conflict and cooperation between two border communities; a case study, Executive Seminar in National and International Affairs, Rosslyn, Va.: U.S. Department of State, Foreign Service Institute
- Gregg R. Hennessey (1993). "San Diego, the U.S. Navy, and Urban Development: West Coast City Building, 1912–1929". California History. 72 (2): 128–149. doi:10.2307/25177342. JSTOR 25177342.
- Abraham Shragge (1994). "'A New Federal City': San Diego during World War II". Pacific Historical Review. 63 (3): 333–361. doi:10.2307/3640970. JSTOR 3640970.
- "San Diego", California, Let's Go, New York: St. Martin's Press, 1998, OL 10387102M
Published in the 21st century
- Glen Sparrow (2001). "San Diego-Tijuana: Not quite a binational city or region". GeoJournal. 54 (1): 73–83. doi:10.1023/A:1021144816403. JSTOR 41147639.
- Laura A. Schiesl (2001). "Problems in Paradise: Citizen Activism and Rapid Growth in San Diego, 1970–1990". Southern California Quarterly. 83 (2): 181–220. doi:10.2307/41172070. JSTOR 41172070.
- Albert S. Broussard (2006). "Percy H. Steele, Jr., and the Urban League: Race Relations and the Struggle for Civil Rights in Post-World War II San Diego". California History. 83 (4): 7–23. doi:10.2307/25161838. JSTOR 25161838.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to San Diego, California. |
- San Diego Public Library. "San Diego Information Sources: History". Resource Guides.
- Library. "San Diego". Research Guides. San Diego State University.
- Library, Special Collections & University Archives. "Browse by Subject: San Diego". San Diego State University.
- Digital Public Library of America. Items related to San Diego, various dates
- San Diego History Center
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