Sharur District

Şərur (also, Sharur and Sherur; formerly Norashen (1930–1964), Iliich (Ильич) and Il'ichëvsk (Ильичёвск) (1964–1991) after Vladimir Ilyich Lenin) is a rayon of Azerbaijan in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic. The district was established on August 8, 1930. In the north and north-east it is bordered by the Armenia, and in the south and south-west by the Iran. The area of district is 872.26 square kilometres (336.78 sq mi). There is 1 city and 65 villages within the district. The administrative center of the district is the Sharur town. It has a population of 96,000.[1]

Sharur
Rayon
Map of Azerbaijan showing Sharur Rayon
Country Azerbaijan
Autonomous republicNakhchivan
City1
Villages65
CapitalŞərur
Area
 • Total872,26 km2 (33,678 sq mi)
Population
 • Total96,000
 • Density1.1/km2 (2.9/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+4 (AZT)
Postal code
AZ 6800
Telephone code(+994) 36

History

It was part of the Medes, and then of the Achaemenid Empire (Satrapy of Armenia) from 550 BC to 330 ВС. It was then taken by Alexander the Great (336–323 BC).

During ancient times, Sharur was a district in the Ayrarat province of the Kingdom of Armenia.[2] The lands in the district belonged to the Armenian kings until the fifth century AD. In the 6th century it was annexed to the Caucasian Albania.[1] When King Smbat I Bagratuni wrested control of the region from the Arabs, he awarded the lands to the Armenian princes of Syunik'.[2] It was conquered by Turkic tribes and later the Mongols in later centuries.

Sharur formed part of the territory of the Nakhichevan Khanate until the latter was ceded by Iran to Russia in 1828 under the terms of the Treaty of Turkmenchay. In the Russian Empire it was made a part of the Armenian Oblast. After the oblast was abolished, it became a part of Sharur-Daralagez uyezd of the Erivan Governorate.

Historical and Archaeological monuments

Sharur is one of the most ancient and the largest settlements of the Autonomous Republic of Nakhchivan. The favorable geographical position of Sharur created conditions for the settlement of people in the ancient times. The researches showed that the people settled in the area in the late glacial period. The territory of Sharur with its full water rivers, fertile soils were favorable for the development of plant-growing. The historical researches defined the settlement of the people in Sharur before Christ. The archaeological excavations on the territory of Sharur which is mentioned as Sharuk in the epos of "The Book of Dede Korkut" dating back to the period 1300 ago revealed the settlement and burial places of the Neolithic, Bronze Age as well as Antique period. The settlement Oghlangaya covering an area of 40 hectares of the Garatepe Mountain of the region dates back to the 2-1st millenniums B.C. The region accounts for a number of archeological monuments and settlements rich in the patterns of material culture reflecting the activity and lifestyle of ancient people. These are the ancient, settlement, towers, cemeteries, Kurgans and architectural monuments. The researches of 1980-1990 revealed the cultural remnants of the dug cave of the Stone Age including a great many of instruments made of stone and wine-tree. The monuments of the mid Bronze Age was revealed in the Araz River, Arpachay and its branches (Shortepe, Kheledj mountain, Kultepe, Djennettepe and others).[1]

Population

According to the State Statistics Committee, as of 2018, the population of city recorded 115,600 persons, which increased by 3,500 persons (about 3 percent) from 112,100 persons in 2000.[3] 57,400 of total population are men, 58,200 are women.[4] More than 27 percent of the population (about 31,500 persons) consists of young people and teenagers aged 14–29.[5]

Population of the district by the year (at the beginning of the year, thsd. persons) [3]
Region 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Sharur region 112,1 113,5 114,5 115,6 96,7 97,3 98,5 99,6 100,9 102,1 103,3 105,4 107,4 109,4 111,2 112,3 113,4 114,6 115,6
urban population 6,7 6,7 6,7 6,7 6,7 6,7 6,8 6,7 6,8 6,7 6,7 6,7 6,9 7,0 7,1 7,2 7,2 7,3 7,3
rural population 105,4 106,8 107,8 108,9 90,0 90,6 91,7 92,9 94,1 95,4 96,6 98,7 100,5 102,4 104,1 105,1 106,2 107,3 108,3

Twin cities

References
  1. ANAS, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences (2005). Nakhchivan Encyclopedia. volume II. Baku: ANAS. p. 313. ISBN 5-8066-1468-9.
  2. (in Armenian) Anon. «Շարուր» (Sharur). Soviet Armenian Encyclopedia. vol. viii. Yerevan: Armenian Academy of Sciences, 1982, p. 469.
  3. "Political division, population size and structure: Population by towns and regions of the Republic of Azerbaijan". The State Statistical Committee of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Retrieved 2018-12-18.
  4. "Political division, population size and structure: Population by sex, towns and regions, urban settlements of the Republic of Azerbaijan at the beginning of the 2018". The State Statistical Committee of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Retrieved 2018-12-18.
  5. "Political division, population size and structure: Population at age 14-29 by towns and regions of the Republic of Azerbaijan at the beginning of the 2018". The State Statistical Committee of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Retrieved 2018-12-18.

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