Sekele language

Sekele is the northern language of the ǃKung dialect continuum. It was widespread in southern Angola before the civil war,[3] but those varieties are now spoken principally among a diaspora in northern Namibia. There are also a number of dialects spoken in Northernmost Namibia.

Sekele
Northern ǃKung
Native toNamibia, Angola
RegionOkavango and Ovamboland Territory
Kxʼa
  • ǃKung
    • Sekele
Dialects
Language codes
ISO 639-3vaj – inclusive code
Individual code:
knw – Ekoka ǃKung
Glottologvase1234[1]
kung1261[2]

Sekele goes by a number of names. "Sekele" itself derives from Vasekele, the Angolan Bantu name. It is also known as Northern ǃKung (or equivalently "Northern ǃXuun", "Northern Ju" and several other variants). Two of the Angolan varieties have gone by the outdated term ǃʼOǃKung (or ǃʼO ǃuŋ [ǃˀoːǃʰũ] "Forest ǃKung") and Maligo (short for "Sekele Maligo"). There are several Namibian dialects, of which the best known is Ekoka.

Phonology
Angolan ǃKung

Mangetti Dune ǃKung has clicks with four places of articulation, /ǃ ǀ ǁ ǂ/. (A reported distinction between dental lateral and postalveolar lateral clicks has not been confirmed by further research.)

These come in the same eight series as in Grootfontein ǃKung, here represented with the palatal articulation:

Lingual /ǂ ǂʰ ᶢǂ ᶢǂʱ ᵑǂ ᵑ̊ǂʰ/
glottalized /ᵑ̊ǂˀ/
linguo-pulmonic /ǂχ/
linguo-glottalic /ǂ͡kxʼ/
Western (North-Central) ǃKung
Main article: Ekoka ǃKung

Footnotes
  1. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Northern Ju". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  2. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "North-Central Ju". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  3. Gordon Jr. & Grimes 2005

References
  • Snyman, Jan Winston (1980). "The Relationship Between Angolan ǃXu and Zuǀʼõasi". Bushman and Hottentot Linguistic Studies. Pretoria, South Africa: University of South Africa (UNISA): 1–58.
  • Miller, A.L.; Holliday, J.; Howcroft, D.M.; Phillips, S.; Smith, B.; Tsz-Hum, T.; Scott, A. (2011). "The Phonetics of the Modern-Day Reflexes of the Proto-Palatal Click in Juu Languages". Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Khoisan Languages and Linguistics.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
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