Peter C. Doherty

Peter Charles Doherty, AC FRS FMedSci (born 15 October 1940)[1] is an Australian veterinary surgeon and researcher in the field of medicine.[4] He received the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research in 1995, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine jointly with Rolf M. Zinkernagel[5] in 1996 and was named Australian of the Year in 1997.[6] In the Australia Day Honours of 1997, he was named a Companion of the Order of Australia for his work with Zinkernagel.[7] He is also a National Trust Australian Living Treasure.[8] In 2009 as part of the Q150 celebrations, Doherty's immune system research was announced as one of the Q150 Icons of Queensland for its role as an iconic "innovation and invention".[9]

Peter Doherty

AC FRS FMedSci
Born
Peter Charles Doherty

15 October 1940 (1940-10-15) (age 79)[1]
Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
NationalityAustralian
Alma mater
Known forMajor histocompatibility complex
AwardsNobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1996)
Australian of the Year (1997)
Leeuwenhoek Lecture (1999)[2]
Scientific career
FieldsMedicine
Immunology
InstitutionsJohn Curtin School of Medical Research
Australian National University
ThesisStudies in the experimental pathology of louping-ill encephalitis (1970)
Doctoral advisorG. L. Montgomery
J. T. Stamp[3]
Websitewww.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1996/doherty-bio.html

Education and early life

Doherty was born in Brisbane, Queensland, where he attended Indooroopilly State High School (which now has a lecture theatre named after him). He received his bachelor's degree in veterinary science in 1962 and his master's degree in veterinary science in 1966 from the University of Queensland.[10] After obtaining his PhD in 1970 from the University of Edinburgh, Scotland,[3] he returned to Australia to continue his Nobel Prize-winning research at the John Curtin School of Medical Research within the Australian National University in Canberra.

Research and career

Doherty's research focuses[11][12] on the immune system and his Nobel work described how the body's immune cells protect against viruses. He and Rolf Zinkernagel, the co-recipient of the 1996 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, discovered how T cells recognise their target antigens in combination with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins.[13]

Viruses infect host cells and reproduce inside them. Killer T-cells destroy those infected cells so that the viruses cannot reproduce. Zinkernagel and Doherty discovered that, in order for killer T cells to recognise infected cells, they had to recognise two molecules on the surface of the cell – not only the virus antigen, but also a molecule of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). This recognition was done by a T-cell receptor on the surface of the T cell. The MHC was previously identified as being responsible for the rejection of incompatible tissues during transplantation. Zinkernagel and Doherty discovered that the MHC was responsible for the body fighting meningitis viruses too.[14]

His semi-autobiographical book, The Beginner's Guide to Winning the Nobel Prize,[15] was published in 2005. A Light History of Hot Air was published in 2007 by Melbourne University Press.[16] In 2012 he published the book Sentinel Chickens.[17] His fourth book The Knowledge Wars was published in 2015.[18]

Awards and honours

Doherty was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1987.[2] In 1997, he received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement.[19] He is the patron of the eponymous Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, a joint venture between the University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health. It houses a group of infection and immunology experts, including Director Professor Sharon Lewin, who are charged with leading the battle against infectious diseases in humans. This became operational in 2014.[20] He became an Honorary Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences (FMedSci) in 2015.[21] In the same year he was elected Fellow of the Australian Academy of Health and Medical Sciences (FAHMS).[22] In April 2017 he was inducted as a Fellow of the Royal Society of Victoria (FRSV).[23]

John Monash Science School,[24] Moreton Bay Boys College,[25] and Murrumba State Secondary College[26] each have a house named after him.

Personal life

Doherty has a younger brother named Ian and had two parents named Linda and Eric.[27] Doherty currently spends three months of the year conducting research at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital in Memphis, Tennessee, where he is a faculty member at the University of Tennessee Health Science Center through the College of Medicine.[28] For the other 9 months of the year, he works in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the University of Melbourne, Victoria.

References
  1. Anon (2017). "Doherty, Prof. Peter Charles". Who's Who (online Oxford University Press ed.). A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc. doi:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.13865. (subscription or UK public library membership required) (subscription required)
  2. "Peter Doherty". royalsociety.org. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 12 June 2018.
  3. Doherty, Peter Charles (1970). Studies in the experimental pathology of louping-ill encephalitis (PhD thesis). hdl:1842/17153. EThOS 699841.
  4. "Laureate Professor Peter Doherty AC". University of Queensland. 2 November 2015. Archived from the original on 2 November 2018. Retrieved 2 November 2018.
  5. "Peter Doherty - Nobel Prize Inspiration Initiative". Nobel Prize Inspiration Initiative. Archived from the original on 28 September 2013. Retrieved 26 September 2013.
  6. Lewis, Wendy (2010). Australians of the Year. Pier 9 Press. ISBN 978-1-74196-809-5.
  7. "It's an Honour - Honours - Search Australian Honours". www.itsanhonour.gov.au. Archived from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 30 July 2009.
  8. "Peter C. Doherty, PhD". Archived from the original on 5 September 2015. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
  9. Bligh, Anna (10 June 2009). "PREMIER UNVEILS QUEENSLAND'S 150 ICONS". Queensland Government. Archived from the original on 24 May 2017. Retrieved 24 May 2017.
  10. "Laureate Professor Peter Doherty AC". University of Queensland. 2 November 2015. Archived from the original on 2 November 2018. Retrieved 4 November 2018.
  11. Peter C. Doherty publications indexed by Google Scholar
  12. 56489776600 Peter C. Doherty publications indexed by the Scopus bibliographic database. (subscription required)
  13. Hawkes, Nigel (8 October 1996). "Immunity scientists win Nobel prize". The Times (London). p. 13.
  14. "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1996". Archived from the original on 25 October 2018. Retrieved 25 October 2018.
  15. The Beginner's Guide to Winning the Nobel Prize: The Miegunyah Press, an imprint of Melbourne University Publishing Ltd, 2005
  16. A Light History of Hot Air (2011)
  17. Miegunyah Press Archived 14 July 2014 at the Wayback Machine, accessed 8 July 2014
  18. "Interview: Peter Doherty, Nobel Prize Winner for Medicine in 1996" Archived 31 August 2015 at the Wayback Machine, in ABC Lateline, 25 August 2015
  19. "Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement". www.achievement.org. American Academy of Achievement.
  20. "Peter Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne". Archived from the original on 6 July 2014. Retrieved 8 July 2014.
  21. "Report of the Annual Fellows' Meeting 2015 - The Academy of Medical Sciences". www.acmedsci.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 7 January 2016.
  22. "Fellowship | AAHMS – Australian Academy of Health and Medical Sciences". www.aahms.org. Archived from the original on 26 June 2018. Retrieved 26 June 2018.
  23. "Elected Fellows of the Royal Society of Victoria - The Royal Society of Victoria". The Royal Society of Victoria. Archived from the original on 7 July 2017. Retrieved 27 June 2018.
  24. "House Programs". www.jmss.vic.edu.au. Archived from the original on 26 June 2018. Retrieved 26 June 2018.
  25. "Moreton Bay Boys' College School House Program". Moreton Bay Boys' College. Archived from the original on 26 June 2018. Retrieved 26 June 2018.
  26. "Murrumba State Secondary College". murrumbassc.eq.edu.au. 15 September 2011. Retrieved 28 January 2019.
  27. "Peter C. Doherty - Biographical". Archived from the original on 22 December 2016. Retrieved 7 March 2017.
  28. "UTHSC people search". Archived from the original on 2 April 2015.

 This article incorporates text by Royal Society available under the CC BY 4.0 license.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.