Orte

Orte is a town, comune (municipality), former Catholic bishopric and Latin titular see in the province of Viterbo, in the central Italian region Latium Lazio, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) north of Rome and about 24 kilometres (15 mi) east of Viterbo.

Orte
Comune
Comune di Orte
The Romanesque bell tower
of the church of San Silvestro
Coat of arms
Location of Orte
Orte
Location of Orte in Italy
Orte
Orte (Lazio)
Coordinates: 42°27′37″N 12°23′11″E
CountryItaly
RegionLazio
ProvinceViterbo (VT)
FrazioniOrte Scalo
Government
 • MayorAngelo Giuliani
Area
 • Total70.16 km2 (27.09 sq mi)
Elevation
132 m (433 ft)
Population
 (31 December 2014[2])[3]
 • Total8,982
 • Density130/km2 (330/sq mi)
Demonym(s)Ortani
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
01028
Dialing code0761
Patron saintSt. Giles Abbot
Saint daySeptember 1
WebsiteOfficial website

Geography

Orte is situated in the Tiber valley on a high tuff cliff, encircled to North and East from a handle of the Tevere river. It is an important road and rail hub.

History

The Etruscans inhabited the area from the 6th century BC and called it Hurta,[4] as testified by the findings in a necropolis nearby, now preserved in the Vatican Museums. Two major battles between Etruscans and Romans (310 and 283 BC) were fought nearby on the shores of the Vadimone lake. The Romans were victorious both times.

The Romans domination made it the municipality of Horta (also Hortanum).[5] Under the rule of Augustus it received numerous public works. Because of its strategic position, Orte was occupied in succession by the Ostrogoths, the Byzantines and the Lombards. During the late 9th to early 10th century, along with much of central Italy, Orte was also held or threatened by the Saracens.[6]

In the Middle Ages the city was never seat of a fief, becoming a free comune under a podestà (elected magistrature). Later it became part of the Papal States.

Ecclesiastical history
  • 700: Established as Diocese of Orte (Italian) / Hortanum (Latin) / Hortan(us) (Latin adjective)
  • Basilica concattedrale di Santa Maria Assunta: Suppressed a sole cathedral of a diocese on 1437.10.05, its territory and title being merged into the accordingly renamed Diocese of Civita Castellana e Orte, where its former cathedral became co-cathedral, which is a Minor Basilica, dedicated to the Assumption of Mary
  • Church of San Biagio

Residential Bishops
  • San Lanno ? (III - IV secolo)
  • Giovanni Montano ? (mentioned in 330)
  • San Cassiano ? (in 363)
  • Leone (in 384)[15]
  • Martiniano (o Marziano) ? (in 502)
  • Ubaldo Prosenio ? (in 592)
  • Blando ? (in 598)
  • Calunnioso ? (in 600)
  • Giuliano (in 649)
  • Maurizio (on 743)
  • Adone or Adamo (in 761)
  • Stefano I (in 826)
  • Arsenio (first in 855 - death August 868)[6]
  • Zaccaria (in 869)
  • Stefano II (in 904)
  • Pietro I (in 916)
  • Giorgio (in 963)[16]
  • Lamberto (in 1005)[17]
  • Giovanni I (prima del 1017 - dopo il 1024)[17]
  • Landovino (in 1036)[17]
  • Gregorio (in 1049)[18]
  • Rodolfo (prima del 1126 - dopo il 1149[19])
  • Paolo I (prima del 1168 - dopo il 1196)
  • Paolo II (in 1200 circa)
  • Giovanni II (prima del 6 October 1206 - after 2 October 1212)
  • Guido (1221 - after 1224)
  • Trasimondo (prima del 1239 - dopo il 1243)
  • Giovanni III (in 1248)
  • Pietro II, O.F.M. (12 April 1255 - death after 1259)
  • Corrado (19 December 1284 - ?)
  • Bartolomeo (26 January 1296 - 1298 deceduto)
  • Lorenzo da Velletri, O.F.M. (3 October 1298 - death 1333 or 1334)
  • Nicolò Zabereschi (1 March 1339[20] - death 1362)
  • Giovanni IV (25 July 1363 - ?)
  • Pietro III (in 1365)
  • Giovanni Cappucci[21], O.P. (1366 - death 1393)
  • Paolo Alberti, O.F.M. (12 November 1395[22] - 13 may 1420), next Bishop of Ajaccio )
  • Sante (17 June[23] 1420 - 19 March 1432), next Bishop of Civita Castellana )[24]
  • =? Sancho (? – 1431), next Bishop of Ciudad Rodrigo (Spain) (1431 – 1433)
  • Valentino (19 March 1432 - 15 May 1439), next first Bishop of successor see Civita Castellana and Orte) .

Titular see

In 1991 the diocese was nominally restored as Latin Titular bishopric of Orte (Italian) / Hortanum (Latin) / Hortan(us) (Latin).

It has had the following incumbents, so far of the fitting Episcopal (lowest) rank :

  • José de Jesús Madera Uribe, Missionaries of the Holy Spirit (M.Sp.S.) (1991.05.28 – death 2017.01.21) as Auxiliary Bishop of the Military Ordinariate of United States of America (army archbishopric, USA) (1991.05.28 – 2004.09.15) and as emeritate; previously Coadjutor Bishop of Diocese of Fresno (USA) (1979.12.18 – 1980.07.01), succeeding as Bishop of Fresno (1980.07.01 – 1991.05.28)
  • Bishop-elect Andrzej Przybylski (2017.05.20 – ...), as Auxiliary Bishop of Archdiocese of Częstochowa (Poland) (2017.05.20 – ...).

Events
  • Sant'Egidio Abate's Day and Ottava of Sant'Egidio: from 31 August to the second Sunday in September. A Medieval festival with shows, fairs, conventions, seminaries of study, art exhibitions of art and archery competitions (the "Palio", contented by the archers of the Seven Contrade).
  • Religious procession of Dead Christ: every Friday before Easter. A torchlight procession representing early religions orders ("Confraternite").

Transport

Orte railway station, opened in 1865, forms part of the Florence–Rome railway and the Ancona–Orte railway. It is situated in Piazza Giovanni XXIII, in the locality of Orte Scalo, approximately two kilometres southeast of the town centre.

See also

References
  1. "Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011". Istat. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
  2. Demographic data from ISTAT
  3. "Popolazione Residente al 1° Gennaio 2018". Istat. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
  4. Chiesa, Tarquinia: archeologia e prosopografia tra ellenismo e romanizzazione, 2006, p.267.
  5. John Murray, A dictionary of Greek and Roman geography, Volume 1, 1873, p.1091
  6. Peter Partner (1 Jan 1972). The Lands of St. Peter: The Papal State in the Middle Ages and the Early Renaissance (illustrated ed.). University of California Press. p. 81. ISBN 9780520021815.

Media related to Orte at Wikimedia Commons

Bibliography - ecclesiastical history
  • Ferdinando Ughelli, Italia sacra, vol. I, second edition, Venice 1717, coll. 733-743
  • Tommaso M. Mamachi, De episcopatus hortani antiquitate ad hortanos cives liber singularis, Rome 1759
  • Giuseppe Cappelletti, Le Chiese d'Italia della loro origine sino ai nostri giorni, vol. VI, Venice 1847, pp. 23–49
  • Louis Duchesne, Le sedi episcopali nell'antico ducato di Roma, in Archivio della romana società di storia patria, Volume XV, Rome 1892, p. 491
  • Paul Fridolin Kehr, Italia Pontificia, vol. II, Berlin 1907, pp. 192–194
  • Gerhard Schwartz, Die Besetzung der Bistümer Reichsitaliens unter den Sächsischen und Salischen Kaisern : mit den Listen der Bischöfe, 951-1122, Leipzig-Berlin 1913, p. 259
  • Francesco Lanzoni, Le diocesi d'Italia dalle origini al principio del secolo VII (an. 604), vol. I, Faenza 1927, pp. 546–547
  • Pius Bonifacius Gams, Series episcoporum Ecclesiae Catholicae, Leipzig 1931, pp. 685–686
  • Konrad Eubel, Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi, vol. 1, pp. 278–279; vol. 2, pp. XXVI e 166
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