Nukus

Nukus (Uzbek: Nukus, Нукус; Karakalpak: Nókis, Нөкис; Kazakh: Núkis) is the sixth-largest city in Uzbekistan and the capital of the Republic of Karakalpakstan. The population of Nukus as of January 1, 2018 was approximately 312,100. The Amu Darya river passes west of the town.

Nukus

Uzbek: Nukus / Нукус
Karakalpak: Nókis / Нөкис
Nukus
Location in Uzbekistan
Coordinates: 42°28′N 59°36′E
Country Uzbekistan
ProvinceKarakalpakstan
Established1860
Government
 • TypeCity Administration
Area
 • Total222 km2 (86 sq mi)
Elevation
76 m (249 ft)
Population
 (2017)[1]
 • Total312,100
 • Density1,400/km2 (3,600/sq mi)
Postal code
2301xx
Area code(s)(+998) 61
Websitewww.nukus.uz

The city is best known for its world-class Nukus Museum of Art.

History

The name Nukus comes from the old tribal name of the Karakalpaks, Nukus.[2] Nukus developed from a small settlement in 1932 into a large, modern Soviet city with broad avenues and big public buildings by the 1950s.

The city's isolation made it host to the Red Army's Chemical Research Institute, a major research and testing center for chemical weapons. In 2002 the United States Department of Defense dismantled the Chemical Research Institute, the major research and testing site for the Novichok agent, under a $6 million Cooperative Threat Reduction program.[3][4]

Sights
A panoramic view of Nukus

Nukus is host to the Nukus Museum of Art (also known as the State Art Museum of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, named after Igor V. Savitsky) and State Museum. The State Museum houses the usual collection of artifacts recovered from archaeological investigations, traditional jewelry, costumes and musical instruments, displays of the area's now vanished or endangered flora and fauna, and on the Aral Sea issue. The Art Museum is noted for its collection of modern Russian and Uzbek art from 1918–1935. Stalin tried his best to eliminate all non Soviet art from this period, and sent most of the artists to the gulag. Both Savitsky himself and the collection at Nukus survived because the city's remoteness limited the influence and reach of Soviet authorities. The documentary film The Desert of Forbidden Art is all about the collection and its history.[5]

Nukus is also home to the Amet and Ayimkhan Shamuratovs house museum, a hub for Karakalpak music and oral culture. The museum's collection represents personal belongings of the Shamuratovs including stage clothes, photographs, manuscripts, books, letters.[6]

Climate

Nukus experiences a cold desert climate (Köppen BWk) with summers that are long, dry and very hot, and winters that are short, though quite cold and snowy, having a very dry type of a continental climate.

Climate data for Nukus (1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 0.7
(33.3)		 4.0
(39.2)		 11.7
(53.1)		 21.7
(71.1)		 28.7
(83.7)		 34.5
(94.1)		 36.2
(97.2)		 34.3
(93.7)		 27.9
(82.2)		 19.4
(66.9)		 10.0
(50.0)		 3.1
(37.6)		 19.4
(66.9)
Average low °C (°F) −7.5
(18.5)		 −6.0
(21.2)		 −0.1
(31.8)		 8.2
(46.8)		 14.2
(57.6)		 19.1
(66.4)		 21.3
(70.3)		 18.9
(66.0)		 12.0
(53.6)		 4.9
(40.8)		 −0.8
(30.6)		 −5.5
(22.1)		 6.6
(43.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 10.8
(0.43)		 9.6
(0.38)		 17.1
(0.67)		 15.4
(0.61)		 12.2
(0.48)		 4.1
(0.16)		 2.7
(0.11)		 1.6
(0.06)		 2.4
(0.09)		 6.9
(0.27)		 12.5
(0.49)		 11.8
(0.46)		 107.1
(4.22)
Average precipitation days 11 10 9 8 8 5 4 2 3 5 8 10 83
Source: Centre of Hydrometeorological Service of Uzbekistan[7]

Economy

In 2019, “Nukus” free economic zone (FEZ) was established to "attract direct foreign and domestic investments for the production of import-substituting products that are in demand on foreign markets". This FEZ will be in place for 30 years.[8]

See also

References
  1. Число постоянных жителей в Республике Каракалпакстан на 1 января 2018 года
  2. Словарь современных географических названий. — Екатеринбург: У-Фактория. Под общей редакцией акад. В. М. Котлякова. 2006.
  3. Miller, Judith (25 May 1999). "U.S. and Uzbeks Agree on Chemical Arms Plant Cleanup". New York Times. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
  4. John S. Wolf (19 March 2003). "Hearing, First Session". Committee on Foreign Relations. United States Senate. Retrieved 13 March 2018. Hon. John S. Wolf, Assistant Secretary of State for Nonproliferation: ... DOD completed a project to dismantle the former Soviet CW research facility at Nukus, Uzbekistan in FY 2002
  5. Tom Bissell, Chasing the Sea, Pantheon (2003). ISBN 0-375-42130-0. p. 323–324.
  6. "Nukus travel guide". Caravanistan. Retrieved 2019-12-02.
  7. "Average monthly data about air temperature and precipitation in 13 regional centers of the Republic of Uzbekistan over period from 1981 to 2010". Centre of Hydrometeorological Service of the Republic of Uzbekistan (Uzhydromet). Archived from the original on 15 December 2019. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
  8. "“Nukus” free economic zone established", Kun.uz September 5, 2019.


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