North coast Portuguese

North coast dialect Portuguese: dialeto da costa norte pronounced [d͡ʒiaˈlɛtu dɐ ˈkɔʃtɐ ˈnɔht͡ʃi], also called cearense dialect, is a dialect of Portuguese in the Brazilian state of Ceará, having many internal variations, like in the regions Jaguaribe and Sertões (back-countries).

North coast dialect
Dialeto da costa norte
PronunciationPortuguese pronunciation: [d͡ʒiaˈlɛtu dɐ ˈkɔʃtɐ ˈnɔht͡ʃi]
Native toNorth and northwest of Ceará, north of Piauí and northeast of Maranhão
Native speakers
8.5 million
Language codes
ISO 639-3–
GlottologNone
Linguasphere51-AAA-am
IETFpt-BR-u-sd-brce[1]

Main characteristics
  • Preference for the pronoun tu instead of você (both meaning "you"), without distinction of formal and informal speech.[2]
  • Opening of pre-tonic vowels [e] and [o] to [ɛ] and [ɔ], but always obeying a rule of vowel harmony.[3][4]
  • Lenition of [ʎ] and [ɲ] to [j], and reduction of syllables that have these phonemes, represented in Portuguese by ⟨lh⟩ and ⟨nh⟩ respectively.[5]
  • Stronger or low "r" sound, depending on their syllabic position (generally strong at the beginning and middle of words, and weak final syllables). Word-finally it is not pronounced.
  • Heightening of [e, ẽ] to [i, ĩ] and [o, õ] to [u, ũ].
  • Palatalization of fricatives [s, z] to [ʃ, ʒ] when adjacent to letters ⟨t⟩ or ⟨d⟩.
  • In Fortaleza and metropolitan area, Ceará North and Ceará Northeast, and close hinterland regions, this group there palatalization phonetic, getting affricates to [d͡ʒi] and [t͡ʃi].
  • Stronger "r" is realised as [ɦ], and also debuccalization of phonemes [ʒ, v, z] to [ɦ].[6]
  • Unique vocabulary is present in this dialect, leading many authors to write books of various dictionaries of such expressions.[7] This, perhaps, is symbolic of the people of Ceará, with their antics and humor. Examples: marminino (indicates surprise or astonishment, admiration), abirobado (something that is crazy).[8][9]

References
  1. "Territory Subdivisions: Brazil". Common Locale Data Repository. Retrieved 8 February 2019.
  2. Freire, Gilson Costa. A REALIZAÇÃO DO ACUSATIVO E DO DATIVO ANAFÓRICOS DE TERCEIRA PESSOA NA ESCRITA BRASILEIRA E LUSITANA. 2005
  3. "Sobre as vogais pré-tônicas no Português Brasileiro" (PDF). gel.org.br. Retrieved 23 April 2012.
  4. "VARIAÇÃO INTER- E INTRA-DIALETAL NO PORTUGUÊS BRASILEIRO: UM PROBLEMA PARA A TEORIA FONOLÓGICA" (PDF). ich.pucminas.br. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 October 2013. Retrieved 23 April 2012.
  5. "A DESPALATALIZAÇÃO E CONSEQÜENTE IOTIZAÇÃO NO FALAR DE FORTALEZA" (PDF). profala.ufc.br. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 November 2011. Retrieved 23 April 2012.
  6. "A NEUTRALIZAÇÃO DOS FONEMAS / v – z - Z / NO FALAR DE FORTALEZA" (PDF). profala.ufc.br. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 23 April 2012.
  7. MONTEIRO, José Lemos. Fontes bibliográficas para o estudo do dialeto cearense. Revista da Academia Cearense da Língua Portuguesa. Fortaleza, 9 : 68-94, 1995
  8. "Avexado Dicionário Cearês". web.archive.org. Archived from the original on 18 January 2009. Retrieved 23 April 2012.
  9. "Dicionário Cearês Girias Ceará ABC Cearense". dicionarioceares.vilabol.uol.com.br. Archived from the original on 1 December 2008. Retrieved 23 April 2012.
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