Nigerian braille

Several braille alphabets are used in Nigeria. For English, Unified English Braille has been adopted. Three other languages have been written in braille: Hausa, Igbo, and Yoruba. All three alphabets are based on English readings, with the addition of letters particular to these languages. Punctuation is as in English Braille.

Basic braille alphabet
abcdefghijklm
nopqrstuvwxyz

The letters of these languages beyond the basic Latin alphabet are as follows:

Hausa Braille
Hausa Braille
Type
alphabet
LanguagesHausa
Parent systems
Print basis
Hausa alphabet

Hausa includes


kw
sh
ts
ɗ

from English q, sh, st, ed (international second d), and three derived letters:

Basic letter:
b
k
y
Derived letter:
ɓ
ƙ
ƴ

Hausa is presumably written in braille in Niger as well, since Ethnologue 17 reports that Zarma is written in braille in that country. However, this need not mean it uses the same alphabet as Nigerian Hausa.

Igbo Braille
Igbo Braille
Type
alphabet
LanguagesIgbo
Parent systems
Print basis
Igbo alphabet

Igbo Braille has


kw
ch
gh
sh

from English q, ch, gh, sh, and six other letters with common international/African values:

Basic letter:
b
e
i
o
u
Extended letter:
gb
ẹ
ị
ọ
ụ
ŋ

(See Ewe Braille and Kabiye Braille for similar code assignments.)

Yoruba Braille
Yoruba Braille
Type
alphabet
LanguagesYoruba
Parent systems
Print basis
Yoruba alphabet

Yoruba Braille also has


kw
ṣ

(from English q, sh), and three derived letters:

Basic letter:
b
e
o
Derived letter:
gb
ẹ
ọ

The vowel assignments follow international conventions.

References
  • Braille Notation Booklet on the Hausa, Igbo, and Yoruba Orthographies: A Research Work on Standard Braille Codes for the Blind in Nigeria, March 1981 – April 1982
  • UNESCO (2013) World Braille Usage, 3rd edition.
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