Nicolas Henri, Duke of Orléans

The Duke of Orléans (April 16, 1607 – November 17, 1611) was the second son and fourth child of Henry IV of France and his Italian queen Marie de' Medici. Although he is commonly given the first name Nicolas or Nicolas Henri, he was never solemnly baptized and so never had a Christian name.

Nicolas Henri
Duke of Orleans
A ca. 1610 sketch of the Duke of Orléans.
Duke of Orléans
Reign1607 - 1611
PredecessorCatherine de' Medici
SuccessorGaston, Duke of Orléans
Born(1607-04-16)16 April 1607
Died17 November 1611(1611-11-17) (aged 4)
Burial25 November 1611
Basilica of St Denis
HouseBourbon
FatherHenry IV of France
MotherMarie de' Medici

Biography

The prince was born at the Palace of Fontainebleau on 16 April 1607 and died on 17 November 1611 at the Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye. He was known as Monsieur d'Orléans or the Prince sans nom (prince without name), as it was customary in the royal house of France to name the children only at the time of their baptism.

His youngest brother, Gaston de France, titled at birth as Duke of Anjou as was customary for the third son, was born in 1608. At a very young age, he had been engaged to Marie de Bourbon, Duchess of Montpensier, heiress of the House of Bourbon-Montpensier. Marie was the greatest heiress of the age and was the future mother of la Grande Mademoiselle.

The Duke of Orléans died at the age of four as a result of an epileptic attack. The title of Duke of Orléans reverted to the crown and was later given to his younger brother Gaston who outlived him for another four decades. His brother would also marry Marie in 1626.

He was buried at the Royal Basilica of Saint Denis, outside Paris.

Ancestors

References
  1. Kurth, Godefroid (1911). "Philip II" . In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
  2. Anselme 1726, pp. 328–329.
  3. Anselme 1726, pp. 143–144.
  4. Wurzbach, Constantin, von, ed. (1860). "Habsburg, Anna von Oesterreich (Königin von Spanien)" . Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich [Biographical Encyclopedia of the Austrian Empire] (in German). 6. p. 151 – via Wikisource.
  5. Jiménez, Consuelo Juanto. "Enrique II de Albret". Diccionario biográfico España (in Spanish). Real Academia de la Historia.
  6. Anselme 1726, p. 211.
  7. Anselme 1726, pp. 210–211.
  8. "The Medici Granducal Archive and the Medici Archive Project" (PDF). p. 12. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 January 2006.
  9. Leonie Frieda (14 March 2006). Catherine de Medici: Renaissance Queen of France. HarperCollins. p. 386. ISBN 978-0-06-074493-9. Retrieved 21 February 2011.
  10. Cesati, Franco (1999). Medici. Firenze: La Mandragora. p. 75. ISBN 88-85957-36-6.
  11. Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Joanna" . Encyclopædia Britannica. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  12. Wurzbach, Constantin, von, ed. (1860). "Habsburg, Johanna von Oesterreich (Tochter des Kaisers Ferdinand I.)" . Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich [Biographical Encyclopedia of the Austrian Empire] (in German). 6. p. 290 – via Wikisource.
  13. Cazacu, Matei (2017). Reinert, Stephen W. (ed.). Dracula. Brill. p. 204.

Bibliography
Nicolas Henri, Duke of Orléans
Born: 16 April 1607 Died: 17 November 1611
French royalty
Preceded by
Louis, Dauphin of France		 Heir to the Throne
as Heir presumptive
14 May 1610 — 17 November 1611 		Succeeded by
Gaston, Duke of Orléans
French nobility
Preceded by
Alexandre Édouard		 Duke of Orléans
1607–1611		 Succeeded by
Gaston, Duke of Orléans
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