Modern Times (IU album)

Modern Times is the third Korean-language studio album by South Korean singer-songwriter IU. It was released on October 8, 2013 by LOEN Entertainment under its imprint LOEN Tree. Under the theme of "French Black",[1] the album departs from the singer's girlish image which established her as the "Nation's Sweetheart", by attempting various styles of music such as swing, jazz, and bossa nova.[2] This is her first full-length release since Last Fantasy (2011).

Modern Times
Studio album by
IU
ReleasedOctober 8, 2013
RecordedJanuary – September 2013
Genre
Length46:44
53:34 (Repackaged album)
LanguageKorean
Label
  • LOEN Entertainment
  • LOEN Tree Label
ProducerJo Yeong-cheol
IU chronology
Can You Hear Me?
(2013)		 Modern Times
(2013)		 A Flower Bookmark
(2014)
Singles from Modern Times
  1. "The Red Shoes"
    Released: October 8, 2013
Singles from Modern Times - Epilogue
  1. "Friday"
    Released: December 20, 2013
Music video
"The Red Shoes" on YouTube
"The Red Shoes" (Dance ver.) on YouTube
"Friday" on YouTube
Repackaged album cover
Digital album cover for Modern Times - Epilogue

For her brand-new record, IU collaborated with singer-songwriters Choi Baek-ho and Yang Hee-eun. Gain from Brown Eyed Girls, Jonghyun from Shinee, and jazz guitarist Bak Ju-won also participated on the album as featured artists.[3]

Modern Times contains thirteen tracks in total such as the singer's number-one hit "The Red Shoes" and her self-composed song "Bad Day". It also features the Korean version of "Voice Mail" from IU's Japanese extended play Can You Hear Me? (2013) as a bonus track. The album was re-released as Modern Times - Epilogue on December 20, 2013 and contained the title track "Friday" as well as "Pastel Crayon" from KBS's romantic comedy television series Bel Ami where the singer starred as a lead role, Kim Bo-tong. The repackaged album had two DVDs and was limited to 10,000 copies.[4]

The album earned IU the Melon Music Award for Top 10 Artists (2013), and the Mnet Asian Music Award for Best Female Artist (2014). Its commercial success showed that IU still had her strong popularity; There was about three million copies of digital downloads sold in its initial week of release.[5] As of June 2020, the album has sold more than 60,000 physical copies and eight million digital singles in her native country (see Chart performance). Modern Times was successful internationally as well boasting positive digital sales.

Composition

Musically, the pop and jazz album incorporates a wide range of genres including bossa nova, folk and Latin pop.[6][7] Sonically, the album recreates sounds similar to Christina Aguilera's Back to Basic record.[7]

Release

Modern Times was released digitally at 12:00 am KST on October 8, 2013. Upon its release, the lead single "The Red Shoes" (Korean: 분홍신; RR: Bunhongsin) topped a number of real-time charts in South Korea, achieving an "all-kill" status,[8] while the rest of the tracks entered the charts, in a row.[9] The album topped the Gaon Albums Chart on the third week of October 2013.[10] The physical album sold 40,360 copies in 2013, making it the 41st best-selling Korean album of that year.[11] As of 2014, Modern Times has sold 58,145 copies in South Korea, with the sales of its repackaged album combined.[12]

Album title and artwork

The album's title and artwork were revealed on September 17. According to LOEN Entertainment, IU's agency, the singer's third full-length album would be titled Modern Times. It was also announced that her agency would provide an illustrated guide for Modern Times which gives audiences clues about the tracks of the album.[13]

Teasers

From September 23 to October 4, seven video teasers were released for the album through LOEN Entertainment's YouTube channel. The series of teasers introduced some of the tracks from her new album, "Between the Lips (50cm)" (Korean: 입술 사이; RR: Ipsul Sai),[14] "Walk with Me, Girl" (Korean: 아이야, 나랑 걷자; RR: Aiya, Narang Geotja),[15] "Everybody Has Secrets" (Korean: 누구나 비밀은 있다; RR: Nuguna Bimireun Itda),[16] "Modern Times",[17] "Love of B" (Korean: 을의 연애; RR: Eurui Yeonae),[18] "Wait" (Korean: 기다려; RR: Gidaryeo),[19] and the title track "The Red Shoes".[20]

Singles

"The Red Shoes"

"The Red Shoes", the album's lead track,[21] is a song with big band sounds, dramatic developments, and elaborate choruses. The song was inspired from the 1845 fairy tale under the same title written by Danish author Hans Christian Andersen,[22] and the movie plot for its music video was adapted from the 1948 British film of the same title. Comparing to red shoes, it tells about a woman who begins her journey for the once-brilliant and summer-like days she had with her lost love, counting on her fate.[23]

The single was released on October 8, 2013, along with the whole album, and its music video was officially unveiled at 11:00 am KST on the same day (although it premiered a day earlier on SBS MTV).[24] The video, directed by South Korean music video director Hwang Soo-ah, features cameo appearances from singer-songwriter Yoo Hee-yeol (also known as the sole member of one-man project band Toy), electronic duo Peppertones, and models Fhi Fan and Jang Ki-yong.[25] A performance-centered music video for "The Red Shoes" was also released via LOEN Entertainment's official YouTube channel on October 21.[26]

"The Red Shoes" reached number one on both the Gaon Singles and Download Charts on the third week of October 2013.[27][28] It also topped the Billboard Korea K-Pop Hot 100 for two consecutive weeks,[29][30] becoming the singer's third number-one hit on the chart, after "You and I" (2011–12) and "Every End of the Day" (2012). This song won the first place on televised K-pop music shows like MBC Music's Show Champion,[31] Mnet's M! Countdown,[32] KBS's Music Bank,[33] MBC's Show! Music Core,[34] and SBS's The Music Trend,[35] from October 16 to October 24.

"The Red Shoes" was the 42nd biggest selling digital song of 2013 in South Korea.[36] As of March 2014, it has sold about 1.2 million digital copies nationally.[37]

"Friday"

"Friday" (Korean: 금요일에 만나요; RR: Geumyoil-e Mannayo), written by IU herself, is the lead single for the repackaged album Modern Times - Epilogue.[38] The self-composed song is an acoustic pop tune with a catchy medium-tempo melody, and sings about delirious excitement of a couple who just had a crush on each other.[39] The singer's labelmate Jang Yi-jeong, a member of boy group History participated as a featured artist (He also starred on its music video, as a guy who has an one-sided love for IU).

The single was released on December 20, 2013, and its music video was officially uploaded at 12:00 pm KST on the same day.[40] The one shot music video also reunites IU and model Jang Ki-yong, who she previously starred with for the video "The Red Shoes".[41]

Just like the previous single, "Friday" peaked at number one on both the Gaon Singles and Download Charts.[42][43] The song also topped the Billboard Korea K-Pop Hot 100 for two consecutive weeks,[44][45] becoming the singer's fourth number-one single there.[upper-alpha 1] Without any televised promotions, "Friday" won the first place on K-pop music shows including SBS's The Music Trend,[46][47] KBS's Music Bank,[48] and MBC's Show! Music Core[49] from December 29, 2013 to January 5, 2014.

Although released in 2013, "Friday" was the sixth biggest selling digital song of 2014 in South Korea.[50] Since its release, the song has sold over 3.130 million digital copies, outselling its predecessor ("The Red Shoes").[51]

Promotion

On October 7, 2013, prior to the album's release, IU presented her first-ever comeback showcase at K-Art Hall in Olympic Park, Seoul, performing her brand-new songs including "Modern Times", "Between the Lips (50cm)", and "The Red Shoes". She also held a preview of the official music video for the title track.[52]

IU began promoting her comeback album on various music programs, starting on the October 10, 2013, broadcast of Mnet's M! Countdown. Along with the lead single, she promoted "Modern Times", "Between the Lips (50cm)", and "Love of B" on M! Countdown,[53][54] KBS's Music Bank,[55] MBC's Show! Music Core,[56][57][58] and SBS's The Music Trend,[59][60][61] and MBC Music's Show Champion.[62][63]

On KBS's You Hee-yeol's Sketchbook, the singer performed "The Red Shoes", "Bad Day" (Korean: 싫은 날; RR: Sireun Nal), and "Walk with Me, Girl", alongside a cover of "About Romance" (Korean: 낭만에 대하여; RR: Nangmane Daehayeo) originally sung by Choi Baek-ho (who was featured in "Walk with Me, Girl").

IU performed the lead single also at the 50th annual Grand Bell Awards, in celebration of the event.[64]

It was announced that IU would hold her second solo concert entitled "Modern Times" from November 23. Starting at Kyung Hee University's Peace Palace Hall in Seoul, she also performed in Busan at KBS Hall on December 1, to promote the album.[65]

Commercial performance

As of October 2015, the album has sold more than 61,900 copies in South Korea[upper-alpha 2] and 3,300 in Japan.[67]

Critical reception
Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
IZM[68]

Modern Times received mostly positive reviews from critics. The Korea Herald complimented the album writing: "... vintage sounds and modern effects are put together artfully, forming a fresh but familiar compilation of songs. Modern Times has a distinct carefree feel that is reminiscent of jazz during the Roaring Twenties."[69] Seoul Beats also gave a positive review, explaining "With its jazzy, big band sound, IU provided a breath of fresh air to the K-pop scene... The album’s real strength is how seamlessly the tracks flow together."[70] Billboard gave the album a positive review while praising IU for proving to have "musical sensibilities well beyond a typical 20-year-old".[71]

Track listing
Modern Times - Standard and Limited edition[72]
No.TitleLyricsMusicArrangementLength
1."Love of B" (을의 연애; Eurui Yeonae, with Park Ju-won)IUPark Ju-wonPark Ju-won3:11
2."Everybody Has Secrets" (누구나 비밀은 있다; Nuguna Bimireun Itda, featuring Gain of Brown Eyed Girls)Kim EanaYoon Sang, East4AYoon Sang, East4A3:49
3."Between the Lips (50cm)" (입술 사이; Ipsul Sai)G. GorillaG. GorillaG. Gorilla2:50
4."The Red Shoes" (분홍신; Bunhongsin)Kim EanaLee Min-sooLee Min-soo, Toyama Kazuhiko4:14
5."Modern Times"Kim EanaJeong Seok-wonJeong Seok-won3:25
6."Bad Day" (싫은 날; Sireun Nal)IUIUG. Gorilla3:52
7."Obliviate"G. Gorilla, Kim EanaG. GorillaG. Gorilla3:10
8."Walk with Me, Girl" (아이야, 나랑 걷자; Aiya, Narang Geotja, featuring Choi Baek-ho)Kim EanaPark Ju-wonPark Ju-won5:00
9."Havana"Kim EanaJeon Jung-hoonJeon Jung-hoon4:09
10."A Gloomy Clock" (우울시계; Uulsigye, featuring Jonghyun of Shinee)Kim Jong-hyunKim Jong-hyunOh Jun-hyuk2:48
11."Daydream" (한낮의 꿈; Hannajui Kkum, featuring Yang Hee-eun)PJ, Choi Gap-wonPJ, Choi Gap-wonPJ, Shin Seung-ik3:40
12."Wait" (기다려; Gidaryeo)IUTEXUTEXU2:30
13."Voice Mail (Korean version)" (Bonus track)IUIUG. Gorilla4:06
Total length:46:44
Notes
  • The title of the track 4 literally means "The Pink Shoes".
Modern Times - Epilogue - Repackaged album[73]
No.TitleLyricsMusicArrangementLength
1."Friday" (금요일에 만나요; Geumyoil-e Mannayo, featuring Jang Yi-jeong of History)IUIULee Jong-min3:37
2."Pastel Crayon" (크레파스; Keurepaseu, from Bel Ami)IUKZ, JunjamanKZ, Junjaman3:13
3."Love of B" (을의 연애; Eurui Yeonae, with Park Ju-won)IUPark Ju-wonPark Ju-won3:11
4."Everybody Has Secrets" (누구나 비밀은 있다; Nuguna Bimireun Itda, featuring Gain of Brown Eyed Girls)Kim EanaYoon Sang, East4AYoon Sang, East4A3:49
5."Between the Lips (50cm)" (입술 사이; Ipsul Sai)G. GorillaG. GorillaG. Gorilla2:50
6."The Red Shoes" (분홍신; Bunhongsin)Kim EanaLee Min-sooLee Min-soo, Toyama Kazuhiko4:14
7."Modern Times"Kim EanaJeong Seok-wonJeong Seok-won3:25
8."Bad Day" (싫은 날; Sireun Nal)IUIUG. Gorilla3:52
9."Obliviate"G. Gorilla, Kim EanaG. GorillaG. Gorilla3:10
10."Walk with Me, Girl" (아이야, 나랑 걷자; Aiya, Narang Geotja, featuring Choi Baek-ho)Kim EanaPark Ju-wonPark Ju-won5:00
11."Havana"Kim EanaJeon Jung-hoonJeon Jung-hoon4:09
12."A Gloomy Clock" (우울시계; Uulsigye, featuring Jonghyun of Shinee)Kim Jong-hyunKim Jong-hyunOh Jun-hyuk2:48
13."Daydream" (한낮의 꿈; Hannajui Kkum, featuring Yang Hee-eun)PJ, Choi Gap-wonPJ, Choi Gap-wonPJ, Shin Seung-ik3:40
14."Wait" (기다려; Gidaryeo)IUTEXUTEXU2:30
15."Voice Mail (Korean version)" (Bonus track)IUIUG. Gorilla4:06
Total length:53:34
Notes
  • The title of the track 1 literally means "See You on Friday".

Chart performance

Singles

Awards and nominations

Accolades
Decade-end lists
Publication Accolade Rank / Year Ref.
Billboard The 25 Greatest K-Pop Albums of the 2010s: Staff List
2
[86]

Annual music awards
Year Award Category Recipient Result
2013 3rd Gaon Chart K-Pop Awards Song of the Year – October "The Red Shoes" Won
5th Melon Music Awards Top 10 Artists IU Won
MTV Best of the Best Album of the Year Modern Times Nominated
Best Female Artist IU Won
Artist of the Year Nominated
15th Mnet Asian Music Awards BC – UnionPay Song of the Year "The Red Shoes" Nominated
Artist of the Year IU Nominated
Best Female Artist Nominated
Best Vocal Performance – Female "The Red Shoes" Nominated
2014 28th Golden Disk Awards Grand Prize in Album Releasing Modern Times Nominated
23rd Seoul Music Awards Bonsang Award (Main Prize) IU Nominated
Popularity Award Nominated
6th Melon Music Awards Song of the Year "Friday" Nominated
Music Style Award - R&B/Ballad Nominated
16th Mnet Asian Music Awards UnionPay Artist of the Year IU Nominated
UnionPay Song of the Year "Friday" Nominated
Best Female Artist IU Won
Best Vocal Performance – Female "Friday" Nominated

Music program awards
Song Program Date
"The Red Shoes"
Show Champion (MBC) October 16, 2013
M Countdown (Mnet) October 17, 2013
October 24, 2013
Music Bank (KBS) October 18, 2013
Show! Music Core (MBC) October 19, 2013
Inkigayo (SBS) October 20, 2013
"Friday"
Inkigayo (SBS) December 29, 2013
January 5, 2014
Music Bank (KBS) January 3, 2014
Show! Music Core (MBC) January 4, 2014

Release history
Region Date Format Edition Label
South Korea October 8, 2013 CD, digital download Standard Edition LOEN Tree
Worldwide[87] Digital download
Hong Kong October 9, 2013[88][89] CD Standard Edition Present Media
Japan Rental CD, rental CD+DVD Standard Edition, Special Limited Edition LOEN Tree
South Korea October 10, 2013 CD+DVD Special Limited Edition
Hong Kong October 11, 2013[90] Present Media
South Korea December 20, 2013 (Repackage) CD+DVD, digital download Limited Edition LOEN Tree
Worldwide[91] Digital download

See also

Footnotes
  1. IU currently has a total of six chart-toppers, with "Not Spring, Love, or Cherry Blossoms" and "My Old Story" (2014) added hereafter (see IU discography).
  2. Sales for both Modern Times and Modern Times - Epilogue are combined.[66]

References
  1. "아이유, '아티스트로의 진화'를 선언하다(리뷰) ("Review: IU Declares "Her Evolution into an Artist"")" (in Korean). Asia Economy. 8 October 2013. Retrieved 21 November 2013.
  2. "아이유 '분홍신' 등, 3집 공개 직후 음원차트 '싹쓸이' ("IU Swepts Digital Charts Just After Revealing Her Third Album")" (in Korean). Sports World. 8 October 2013. Archived from the original on 13 November 2013. Retrieved 11 October 2013.
  3. Lee, Keum-jun (23 September 2013). "'컴백' 아이유, 최백호-양희은 등 '초호화 피처링' 눈길 ("IU Returns with Featured Artists Including Choi Baek-ho and Yang Hee-eun")" (in Korean). Asia Economy. Retrieved 8 October 2013.
  4. Jeong, Hee-seo (13 December 2013). "아이유, 정규 3집 리패키지 앨범 발표…'1만장 한정판매' ("IU Releases the Repackage of Her Third Album... "Limited to 10,000 Copies"")" (in Korean). XPORTSMEDIA. Retrieved 12 October 2014.
  5. Yang, Ja-yeong (18 October 2013). "아이유, 퍼펙트 올킬 청신호…'분홍신' 43만 건 다운로드 ("IU's "The Red Shoes" Sold 430,000 Digital Copies")" (in Korean). Hankook Economy. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
  6. Scott, Interrante (December 17, 2015). "The Best K-Pop of 2015". PopMatters. Retrieved April 29, 2020.
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  8. "아이유 3집, 음원차트 9개 올킬 ("IU's Third Studio Album Receives All-Kill on Digital Charts")" (in Korean). Seoul Shinmun. 8 October 2013. Retrieved 9 October 2013.
  9. Lee, Mi-yeong (8 October 2013). "아이유는 건재했다…음원차트 올킬+줄세우기 신공 ("IU Was Still Strong… She Made All-Kill on Digital Charts")" (in Korean). Joynews24. Retrieved 9 October 2013.
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  12. Sales references for Modern Times until 2014:
  13. Lee, Jeong-hyeok (17 September 2013). "컴백 아이유, 이름 빼고 다 바꿨다? 낯설지만 과감한 파격 변신에 '깜놀' ("IU Returns, Changing Everything Except Her Name!")" (in Korean). Sports Chosun. Retrieved 13 October 2013.
  14. LOENENT (2013-09-23). "[Teaser 1] IU(아이유) _ Between the lips(입술 사이) (50cm)" (YouTube).
  15. LOENENT (2013-09-25). "[Teaser 2] IU(아이유) _ Walk with me, girl(아이야 나랑 걷자) (feat.최백호)" (YouTube).
  16. LOENENT (2013-09-27). "[Teaser 3] IU(아이유) _ Everybody has secrets(누구나 비밀은 있다) (Feat. Gain(가인) of Brown Eyed Girls)" (YouTube).
  17. LOENENT (2013-09-30). "[Teaser 4] IU(아이유) _ Modern Times(모던 타임즈)" (YouTube).
  18. LOENENT (2013-10-01). "[Teaser 5] IU(아이유) _ Love of B(을의 연애) (With 박주원)" (YouTube).
  19. LOENENT (2013-10-02). "[Teaser 6] IU(아이유) _ Wait(기다려)" (YouTube).
  20. LOENENT (2013-10-04). "[Teaser 7] IU(아이유) _ The red shoes(분홍신)" (YouTube).
  21. "IU – The Red Shoes (분홍신) - pop!gasa – kpop translation lyrics". pop!gasa. Retrieved April 3, 2015.
  22. Han, Jun-ho (11 October 2013). "아이유, '분홍신'으로 '퍼펙트 올킬' 달성! ("IU Achieves "Perfect All-Kill" with "The Red Shoes"!")" (in Korean). Sports World. Archived from the original on 14 October 2013. Retrieved 11 October 2013.
  23. "Modern Times" (in Korean). Neowiz Internet Corp. Retrieved May 14, 2015.
  24. LOENENT (2013-10-08). "[MV] IU(아이유) _ The red shoes(분홍신)" (YouTube).
  25. Yoon, Hyo-jin (8 October 2013). "아이유 '분홍신' 티저 영상 공개, '유희열-휘황-장기용-페퍼톤스 출연' ("IU Reveals "The Red Shoes" MV with Cameo Appearances")" (in Korean). Seoul Economy. Retrieved 11 October 2013.
  26. LOENENT (2013-10-21). "[MV] IU(아이유) _ The red shoes(분홍신) (Performance ver.)" (YouTube).
  27. "South Korean Gaon Chart: Overall singles – October 6, 2013 to October 12, 2013". Gaon Chart. Korea Music Content Industry Association. 17 October 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2013.
  28. "South Korean Gaon Chart: Online download – October 6, 2013 to October 12, 2013". Gaon Chart. Korea Music Content Industry Association. 17 October 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2013.
  29. "Korea K-Pop Hot 100, Week of 26 October, 2013". Billboard. Retrieved 17 October 2013.
  30. "Korea K-Pop Hot 100, Week of 2 November, 2013". Billboard. Retrieved 24 October 2013.
  31. Maeng, Ha-kyeong (17 October 2013). "아이유, '쇼 챔피언'서 컴백 후 첫 1위 ("IU Wins on TV for the First Time After Comeback")" (in Korean). News1. Retrieved 17 October 2013.
  32. Kim, Han-na (17 October 2013). "'엠카' 아이유, 버스커 누르고 '분홍신'으로 첫 1위 ("IU Wins on M! Countdown, Beating Busker Busker")" (in Korean). Sports Seoul. Retrieved 17 October 2013.
  33. Jeon, Hyeong-jin (18 October 2013). "'뮤뱅' 아이유, '분홍신'으로 3일 연속 1위 '무서운 기세' ("IU's "The Red Shoes" Wins for Three Consecutive Days on TV")" (in Korean). mydaily. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
  34. Oh, Sang-min (19 October 2013). "'음악중심' 아이유, '분홍신' 1위 등극 ("IU's "The Red Shoes" Wins on "Music Core"")" (in Korean). etoday. Retrieved 19 October 2013.
  35. Kwon, Soo-bin (20 October 2013). "아이유 두곡으로 '인기가요' 1위후보, 한주만에 1위 차지 ("IU Wins Herself on "The Music Trend"")" (in Korean). Newsen. Retrieved 20 October 2013.
  36. "South Korean Gaon Chart: Online download – 2013". Gaon Chart. Korea Music Content Industry Association. Archived from the original on 19 October 2014. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
  37. Sales references for "The Red Shoes":
  38. "IU (Feat. Jang Yi Jeong of History) – See You On Friday (금요일에 만나요) - pop!gasa – kpop translation lyrics". pop!gasa. Retrieved April 3, 2015.
  39. "Modern Times - Epilogue" (in Korean). Neowiz Internet Corp. Retrieved May 14, 2015.
  40. 1theK (원더케이) (2013-12-20). "[MV] IU(아이유) _ Friday(금요일에 만나요) (Feat. Jang Yi-jeong(장이정) of HISTORY(히스토리))" (YouTube).
  41. "아이유 '금요일에 만나요' 뮤비서 장기용과 '아찔 키스' ("IU Kisses Jang Ki-yong on "Friday" Music Video")" (in Korean). The Dong-A Ilbo. 20 December 2013. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
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  43. "South Korean Gaon Chart: Online download – The 1st Week of 2014". Gaon Chart. Korea Music Content Industry Association. Archived from the original on 16 October 2014. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
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  45. "Korea K-Pop Hot 100, Week of January 11, 2014". Billboard. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
  46. Kwak, Min-koo (31 December 2013). "아이유 '금요일에 만나요', 2013 마지막 '인기가요' 1위 차지 ("IU's "Friday" Becomes the Last Winner of "The Music Trend" in 2013")" (in Korean). Economy Today. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
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  48. "아이유 '금요일에 만나요', 뮤직뱅크 1위 등극 ("IU's "Friday" Tops "Music Bank"")" (in Korean). mydaily. 3 January 2014. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
  49. Oh, Sang-min (5 January 2014). "아이유 금요일에 만나요, 음악중심 1위 '엑소도 눌렀다' ("IU's "Friday" Wins on "Music Core", Even Beating EXO")" (in Korean). etoday. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
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  51. Sales references for "Friday":
  52. Yang, Jin-yeong (7 October 2013). "아이유 쇼케이스, 드라마틱한 스윙 재즈로 돌아왔다 ′분홍신′ ("IU Held Comeback Showcase, She Returned with Dramatic Swing Jazz Tune "The Red Shoes"")" (in Korean). NEWSPIM. Retrieved 12 October 2013.
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