Marc Garneau

Joseph Jean-Pierre Marc Garneau, PC CC CD MP FCASI (born February 23, 1949) is a Canadian politician and the Minister of Transport in the Government of Canada. He is a retired military officer, former astronaut, and engineer; Garneau was the first Canadian in space, taking part in three flights aboard NASA Space Shuttles in 1984, 1996 and 2000. Garneau was the president of the Canadian Space Agency from 2001 to 2006, and in 2003 was installed as the ninth Chancellor of Carleton University in Ottawa, Ontario.[1]

Captain The Honourable

Marc Garneau

PC CC CD FCASI MP
Garneau in 2018
Minister of Transport
Assumed office
November 4, 2015
Prime MinisterJustin Trudeau
Preceded byLisa Raitt
Member of the Canadian Parliament
for Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount
Assumed office
October 19, 2015
Preceded byRiding Established
Member of the Canadian Parliament
for Westmount—Ville-Marie
In office
October 14, 2008 – October 19, 2015
Preceded byLucienne Robillard
Succeeded byRiding Abolished
Personal details
Born
Joseph Jean-Pierre Marc Garneau

(1949-02-23) February 23, 1949
Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
Political partyLiberal
ResidenceWestmount, Quebec, Canada
Alma materRoyal Military College of Canada, B.S. 1970
Imperial College London, Ph.D. 1973
Canadian Forces College
WebsiteOfficial website
Military service
AllegianceCanada
Branch/serviceRoyal Canadian Navy
Years of service1974–1989
RankCaptain(N)
Space career
NRC/CSA Astronaut
RankCaptain(N), RCN
Time in space
29d 02h 01min
Selection1983 NRC Group
MissionsSTS-41-G, STS-77, STS-97
Mission insignia

Garneau has served as the Member of Parliament for the riding of Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount, and its predecessor Westmount—Ville-Marie, in Montreal since the 2008 federal election, winning by over 9000 votes.[2] He was re-elected to the House of Commons in the 2011 federal election by 642 votes,[3][4] and in the 2015 federal election with a majority of over 18,000. Previously, he unsuccessfully stood in the riding of Vaudreuil-Soulanges at the 2006 federal election.

On November 28, 2012, Garneau announced his candidacy for the leadership of the Liberal Party of Canada to be decided in April 2013. On March 13, 2013, Garneau formally withdrew his bid for the party leadership.[5] On November 4, 2015, Garneau was appointed as Minister of Transport in the 29th Canadian Ministry.

Early life and career

Joseph Jean-Pierre Marc Garneau was born on February 23, 1949, in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. He attended primary and secondary schools in Quebec City and Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu. He received a Bachelor of Science degree in Engineering Physics from the Royal Military College of Canada in 1970, and in 1973 received a Doctorate in Electrical Engineering from the Imperial College of Science and Technology in London, England. From 1982 to 1983, he attended the Canadian Forces College in Toronto.[1]

Career in the Navy

In 1974, Garneau began his career in the Royal Canadian Navy as a Naval combat systems engineer aboard HMCS Algonquin. He was promoted to Commander in 1982 while at Staff College and was transferred to Ottawa in 1983. In January 1986, he was promoted to Captain(N) and retired from the Navy in 1989.[1]

Career with the Canadian Space Agency
Astronaut Marc Garneau during STS-97 in 2000

Garneau was one of six first Canadian Astronauts and he became the first Canadian in outer space on October 5, 1984.[6] In 1984, he was seconded to the new Canadian Astronaut Program (CAP), one of six chosen from over 4,000 applicants. He flew on the shuttle Challenger, STS-41-G from October 5 to 13, 1984, as payload specialist. He was promoted to Captain in 1986, and left the Navy in 1989, to become deputy director of the CAP. In 1992–93, he underwent further training to become a mission specialist. He worked as CAPCOM for a number of shuttle flights and was on two further flights himself: STS-77 (May 19 to 29, 1996) and STS-97 (to the ISS, November 30 to December 11, 2000). He has logged over 677 hours in space.[7]

In February 2001, he was appointed executive vice-president of the Canadian Space Agency, and became its president on November 22, 2001.[8]

Political career

Garneau resigned as President of the Canadian Space Agency to run for the Liberal Party of Canada in the 2006 federal election in the riding of Vaudreuil—Soulanges, which was represented by Meili Faille of the Bloc Québécois.[9] The Liberal Party's support dropped off considerably in Quebec after the Sponsorship scandal and though considered a star candidate Garneau lost to Faille by over nine thousand votes.[10][11]

In the 2006 Liberal Party leadership election Garneau announced his support for perceived front-runner Michael Ignatieff, who lost to Stéphane Dion on the final ballot.[12] With the resignation of Liberal MP Jean Lapierre in 2007, Garneau expressed interest in being the party's candidate in Lapierre's former riding of Outremont.[13] Dion instead appointed Jocelyn Coulon as the party's candidate, who went on to be defeated by the New Democratic Party's Thomas Mulcair in the by-election.[14]

In May 2007, Garneau filed nomination papers to be the party's candidate in Westmount—Ville-Marie, after former Liberal Party Deputy Leader Lucienne Robillard announced she would not be seeking re-election. However, a week after filing his nomination papers Dion announced that he had hand-picked a candidate for the riding. Garneau later withdrew his nomination papers and announced he no longer had an interest in politics. In October 2007, Garneau and Dion held a joint news conference where they announced that Garneau would be the Liberal Party candidate in Westmount—Ville-Marie.[13] Robillard announced her resignation as Member of Parliament in January and a by-election was later scheduled for September 8, 2008.[15][16] However, the by-election was cancelled during the campaign when Prime Minister Stephen Harper called a general election for October 14, 2008. Though some pundits predicted a close race between Garneau and NDP candidate Anne Lagacé-Dowson, Garneau went on to win the riding by over 9,000 votes.[2][17]

41st Parliament and leadership campaign

Garneau was narrowly re-elected in the 2011 election where he beat New Democratic Party candidate Joanne Corbeil. He was Liberal House Leader and served as Liberal Foreign affairs Critic. He was a candidate for interim leadership of the Liberal Party, but was ultimately defeated by Bob Rae.[18][19] Garneau announced later that year that he was considering a bid for the permanent leadership of the party.[20] In the summer of 2012, he announced that he was looking for a "dream team" to run his leadership bid and that he would only run if he could find the right people.[21][22]

On November 21, 2012, Garneau was named his party's Natural Resources critic after David McGuinty resigned the post.[23]

On November 28, 2012, Garneau announced his bid for the leadership of the Liberal Party, placing a heavy focus on the economy.[24][25] While fellow leadership candidate Justin Trudeau was widely seen as the frontrunner in the race, Garneau was thought to be his main challenger among the candidates.[26] With his entrance into the leadership race he resigned his post as Liberal House Leader, while remaining the party's critic for Natural Resources.[27]

At the press conference announcing his candidacy Garneau ruled out any form of co-operation with the Green Party or New Democratic Party to help defeat the Conservative Party in the next election, which was proposed by leadership candidate Joyce Murray.[28]

On January 30, 2013, Garneau was replaced as Natural Resources critic by Ted Hsu. Garneau had been serving in the position on an interim basis.[29]

On March 13, 2013 Garneau announced his withdrawal from the race, and threw his support to front-runner Justin Trudeau. On September 18, 2013, Garneau was named co-chair of the Liberal International Affairs Council of Advisors, providing advice on foreign and defence issues to Liberal Party of Canada leader Justin Trudeau.[30][31]

Minister of Transportation
Garneau and other members of Trudeau's cabinet welcoming U.S. Secretary of Homeland Security John F. Kelly in March 2017

In the 2015 elections held on October 19, 2015, Garneau was re-elected a Parliamentarian in the newly created riding of Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount. Two weeks later, on November 4, 2015, Garneau was appointed Transport Minister of Canada in the federal Cabinet headed by Justin Trudeau.

In May 2017, Garneau introduced an airline passenger bill of rights to standardize how passengers can be treated by airlines which operate any flights in and out of Canada. The legislation would create minimum compensation rates for overbooking, lost or damaged luggage, and bumping passengers off flights. It would also prohibit airlines from removing people from the flight if they have purchased a ticket and set the standard for tarmac delays and airline treatment of passengers when flights are delayed or cancelled over events in the airline's control, or because of weather conditions.[32]

In March 2019, after days of initial refusal to take actions following the crash of Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302, Garneau finally agreed to ground and prohibit all Boeing 737 Max aircraft from flying in Canadian airspace.[33] This stood in contrast to the ministry's previous stance, where he insisted the plane was safe to fly, thus making Canada one of the only two nations still flying a substantial number of Boeing 737 Max planes at the time.[34][35] Garneau even went so far as saying he would board 737 MAX 8 "without hesitation", as an apparent show of support for the Boeing Company.[36]

Awards and honours



RibbonDescriptionNotes
Companion of the Order of Canada (C.C.)
  • Awarded on: May 8, 2003
  • Invested on: December 12, 2003 [37]
Officer of the Order of Canada (O.C.)
  • Awarded on: December 17, 1984
  • Invested on: April 10, 1985 [38]
125th Anniversary of the Confederation of Canada Medal
  • 1993
  • As an officer of the Order of Canada, he has also received the 125th Anniversary of the Confederation of Canada Medal. [39]
Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal for Canada
  • 2002
  • As an officer of the Order of Canada, he has also received the Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal of Canada Medal.[40][41]
  • Canadian version
Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal for Canada
  • 2012
  • * As a Companion of the Order of Canada, and an elected Member of Parliament he has also received the Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal.[42] [43]
  • Canadian version
Canadian Forces' Decoration (C.D.)

Garneau was appointed an Officer of the Order of Canada in 1984 in recognition of his role as the first Canadian astronaut. He was promoted the rank of Companion within the order in 2003 for his extensive work with Canada's space program.

He was awarded the Canadian Forces Decoration for 12 years of honourable service with the Canadian Forces.

He is honoured with a high school named after him, Marc Garneau Collegiate Institute in Toronto [44] and É.S.P. Marc-Garneau[45] in Trenton, Ontario.

Garneau is the Honorary Captain of the Royal Canadian Sea Cadets. In addition, no 599 Royal Canadian Air Cadets squadron is named in his honour.

Garneau was awarded the Key to the City of Ottawa from Marion Dewar the Mayor of Ottawa on 10 December 1984.[46][47]

He was inducted into the International Space Hall of Fame in 1992.[48]

Honorary degrees
LocationDateSchoolDegree
 Ontario17 May 1985Royal Military College of CanadaDoctor of Military Science (DMSc) [49]
 Nova Scotia1985Technical University of Nova ScotiaDoctor of Engineering (D.Eng) [50]
 Quebec1985Laval University
 Quebec1990Royal Military College Saint-Jean
 Ontario1997University of OttawaDoctor of the University (D.Univ) [51]
 AlbertaSpring 2001University of LethbridgeDoctor of Science (D.Sc) [52]
 OntarioSpring 2002York UniversityDoctor of Science (D.Sc) [53]
 QuebecDecember 2004Concordia UniversityDoctor of Laws (LL.D) [54]
 OntarioNovember 2005McMaster UniversityDoctor of Science (D.Sc) [55]
 Alberta2006Athabasca UniversityDoctor of Science (D.Sc) [56]
 British Columbia2006British Columbia Institute of TechnologyDoctor of Technology (D.Tech) [57]
This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

Electoral record
2019 Canadian federal election: Notre-Dame-de-Grâce-Westmount
Party Candidate Votes%±%Expenditures
LiberalMarc Garneau28,32356.28−1.39
New DemocraticFranklin Gertler7,75315.41−6.35
ConservativeNeil Drabkin575911.44−2.93
GreenRobert Green5,39710.73+7.67
Bloc QuébécoisJennifer Jetté23594.69+2.21
People'sAndré Valiquette5651.12-
IndependentJeffrey A. Thomas980.19
Marxist–LeninistRachel Hoffman670.13−0.22––
Total valid votes/Expense limit 50,321100.0$107,259.16

[58]

Total rejected ballots 446
Turnout 50,76766.4

[59]

Eligible voters 76,499
2015 Canadian federal election: Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount
Party Candidate Votes%±%Expenditures
LiberalMarc Garneau29,75557.67+19.43$116,633.55
New DemocraticJames Hughes11,22921.76−13.29$121,985.65
ConservativeRichard Sagala7,41414.37−3.28$23,826.12
GreenMelissa Kate Wheeler1,5813.06−1.32$1,243.50
Bloc QuébécoisSimon Quesnel1,2822.48−1.59$2,358.94
Marxist–LeninistRachel Hoffman1810.35––
IndependentLisa Julie Cahn1510.29––
Total valid votes/Expense limit 51,593100.00–$214,383.86
Total rejected ballots 3110.60––
Turnout 51,90465.21––
Eligible voters 79,597–––
Source: Elections Canada[60][61]
2011 Canadian federal election: Westmount—Ville-Marie
Party Candidate Votes%±%Expenditures
LiberalMarc Garneau15,34637.18−9.29–
New DemocraticJoanne Corbeil14,70435.62+12.69–
ConservativeNeil Drabkin7,21817.49+1.68–
Bloc QuébécoisVéronique Roy2,2785.52−1.74–
GreenAndrew Carkner1,5163.67−3.37–
RhinocerosVictoria Haliburton1400.34+0.18–
CommunistBill Sloan730.18+0.09–
Total valid votes/Expense limit 41,275100.00 –
Total rejected ballots 1650.40
Turnout 41,44053.76
Electors on the lists 77,084
Liberal hold Swing −10.99
2008 Canadian federal election: Westmount—Ville-Marie
Party Candidate Votes%±%Expenditures
LiberalMarc Garneau18,04146.47+0.79$78,009
New DemocraticAnne Lagacé Dowson8,90422.93+7.56$79,186
ConservativeGuy Dufort6,13915.81−1.84$34,968
Bloc QuébécoisCharles Larivée2,8187.26−5.30$8,281
GreenClaude William Genest2,7337.04−1.31–
RhinocerosJudith Vienneau620.16––
Marxist–LeninistLinda Sullivan490.13−0.10–
IndependentDavid Rovins470.12–$30
CommunistBill Sloan340.09−0.08$2,433
Total valid votes/Expense limit 38,827100.00 $83,153
Total rejected ballots 2240.57
Turnout 39,05150.64
Eligible voters 77,112
Liberal hold Swing +1.34
2006 Canadian federal election: Vaudreuil—Soulanges
Party Candidate Votes%±%Expenditures
Bloc QuébécoisMeili Faille27,01243.16−1.13$85,133
LiberalMarc Garneau17,76828.39−10.41$79,413
ConservativeStephane Bourgon11,88919.00+10.81$35,090
New DemocraticBert Markgraf3,4685.54+1.64$3,385
GreenPierre Pariseau-Legault2,4503.91+0.14$1,144
Total valid votes/Expense limit 62,587100.00 $85,543
Bloc Québécois hold Swing +9.28

See also

References
  1. "Marc Garneau Biography". Liberal Party of Canada. Retrieved 12 December 2011.
  2. C, Martin (15 October 2008). "Spaceman lands safely in Westmount-Ville Marie". The Chronicle. Archived from the original on 2013-06-22. Retrieved 12 December 2011.
  3. Faure, Elisabeth (3 May 2011). "Garneau wins by 658 votes". The Westmount Examiner. Archived from the original on 5 May 2014. Retrieved 12 December 2011.
  4. "Official Voting Results / Résultats officiels du scrutin FORTY-FIRST GENERAL ELECTION 2011 / QUARANTE ET UNIÈME ÉLECTION GÉNÉRALE 2011". Elections Canada. Retrieved 12 December 2011.
  5. Beardsley, Keith (13 March 2013). "Garneau Stayed in the Race too Long". huffingtonpost.ca. Retrieved 1 April 2013.
  6. "Marc Garneau (PH.D.) Astronaut, Canadian Space Agency (Former)". NASA. Retrieved 12 December 2011.
  7. "Biographical Data: Mark Garneau". NASA. Retrieved 9 November 2012.
  9. "Canadian to live on space station". The Calgary Herald. 12 February 2008. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 20 October 2012.
  10. "Voters deliver high-profile wins, defeats". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. 24 January 2006. Retrieved 2 July 2014.
  11. "Conservatives make breakthrough in Quebec; Bloc wins 51 seats". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. 24 January 2006. Retrieved 2 July 2014.
  12. "Backroom pressure mounts". Canwest News Service. 2 December 2006. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 20 October 2012.
  13. "Garneau confirmed on local ballot". Westmount Examiner. 19 October 2007. Archived from the original on 5 May 2014. Retrieved 21 October 2012.
  14. "NDP takes Outremont". The Montreal Gazette. 18 September 2007. Archived from the original on 19 January 2013. Retrieved 21 October 2012.
  15. Larsen, Wayne (11 June 2008). "Garneau looks forward to by-election". Montréal Express. Retrieved 21 October 2012.
  16. "Harper calls three federal by elections for early September". Canadian Press. 25 July 2008. Archived from the original on 5 May 2014. Retrieved 21 October 2012.
  17. "Tight Liberal/NDP race predicted for Westmount-Ville Marie by-election". The West Island Chronicle. 13 August 2008. Retrieved 21 October 2012.
  18. "Liberals choose Rae as interim leader". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. May 25, 2011. Retrieved May 25, 2011.
  19. "Rae takes over the Liberal reins". Toronto Star. May 25, 2011. Retrieved May 25, 2011.
  20. "MP Garneau eyes run at Liberal leadership". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. 25 December 2011. Retrieved 24 September 2012.
  21. Berthiaume, Lee (15 August 2012). "Marc Garneau searching for mission control before launching Liberal leadership bid". Canada.com. Retrieved 2 July 2014.
  22. Den Tandt, Michael (11 September 2012). "Marc Garneau preparing for liftoff with Liberals". Canada.com. Retrieved 24 September 2012.
  23. "MP McGuinty drops critic role over 'go back to Alberta' gibe". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. 21 November 2012. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
  24. LeBlanc, Daniel (28 November 2012). "'Mr. Harper is a one-trick pony,' Marc Garneau says, launching Liberal leadership bid". Globe and Mail. Retrieved 28 November 2012.
  25. "Garneau's Liberal leadership campaign officially blasts off". CTV News. 28 November 2012. Retrieved 28 November 2012.
  26. Abma, Derek (28 November 2012). "Does Marc Garneau create problems for Justin Trudeau?". Global News. Retrieved 2 July 2014.
  27. Blatchford, Andy (28 November 2012). "Ex-astronaut Marc Garneau blasts into federal Liberal leadership race". The Record. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
  28. MacKinnon, Leslie (28 November 2012). "Ex-astronaut Marc Garneau launches Liberal leadership bid". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 28 November 2012.
  29. "The return of David McGuinty". Maclean's. 30 January 2013. Retrieved 7 February 2013.
  30. Den Tandt, Michael (18 September 2013). "Andrew Leslie, former commander of Canadian Army, joins Trudeau's team as adviser". National Post. Retrieved 18 September 2013.
  31. "Liberals Unveil Co-Chairs of International Affairs Council of Advisors". liberal.ca. Liberal Party of Canada. Retrieved 18 September 2013.
  32. "Canada government tables airline passenger bill of rights". BBC News. May 16, 2017. Retrieved May 17, 2017.
  33. https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/garneau-boeing-ethiopia-crash-1.5054234
  34. "US and Canada are the only two nations still flying many Boeing 737 Max planes". CNN. March 12, 2019.
  35. "Canada's transport minister has no plans to ground Boeing 737". CTV news. March 12, 2019.
  36. "Transport Minister Marc Garneau Would Board Boeing 737 'Without Hesitation' Despite Crash". HuffPost Canada. March 11, 2019.
  37. https://www.gg.ca/en/honours/recipients/146-14673
  38. https://www.gg.ca/en/honours/recipients/146-14673
  39. http://www.christophermccreery.com/commemorative_medals/index.html
  40. http://www.christophermccreery.com/commemorative_medals/index.html
  41. https://www.gg.ca/en/honours/recipients/125-42224
  42. http://www.christophermccreery.com/commemorative_medals/index.html
  43. https://www.gg.ca/en/honours/recipients/126-1158
  44. Marc Garneau Collegiate Institute, Toronto, Ontario Archived 2007-10-20 at the Wayback Machine
  45. "Accueil – École secondaire publique Marc-Garneau". Retrieved 17 December 2015.
  46. "Ottawa Citizen – Google News Archive Search". Retrieved 17 December 2015.
  47. "Key to the City". Archived from the original on 15 January 2016. Retrieved 17 December 2015.
  48. "5 Inducted Into Space Hall of Fame". El Paso Times. El Paso, Texas. Associated Press. October 5, 1992. p. 8 – via Newspapers.com.
  49. https://www.rmcc-cmrc.ca/en/royal-military-college-canada-honorary-degree-recipients
  50. "1892 ‑ 1999 Honorary Degree Recipients". Dalhousie University. Archived from the original on 25 November 2015. Retrieved 17 December 2015.
  51. "GARNEAU, Marc – Office of the President – University of Ottawa". Retrieved 17 December 2015.
  52. "Honorary Degree Recipients" (PDF). University of Lethbridge. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 December 2015. Retrieved 14 September 2016.
  53. "Honorary Degree Recipients". Archived from the original on 18 March 2015. Retrieved 17 December 2015.
  54. "Honorary degree citation – Marc Garneau". Retrieved 17 December 2015.
  55. http://www.mcmaster.ca/univsec/reports_lists/S_HD_Recipients.pdf
  56. "Past Honorary Degree Recipients". Convocation, Athabasca University. Retrieved 17 December 2015.
  57. "BCIT : : About the Institute : : Honorary Doctorate of Technology Recipient". Retrieved 17 December 2015.
  58. https://www.elections.ca/content.aspx?section=pol&document=index&dir=limits/limitcan&lang=e
  59. https://enr.elections.ca/ElectoralDistricts.aspx?lang=e
  60. Elections Canada – Election Results, 22 October 2015
  61. "Elections Canada – Preliminary Election Expenses Limits for Candidates". Archived from the original on 2015-08-15. Retrieved 2018-11-26.
Academic offices
Preceded by
Ray Hnatyshyn		 Chancellor of Carleton University
2003–2008		 Succeeded by
Herb Gray
Party political offices
Preceded by
???		 Caucus Chair of the Liberal Party in Quebec
2008		 Succeeded by
Pablo Rodriguez
Preceded by
Denis Coderre		 Quebec Lieutenant of the Liberal Party
2008–present		 Incumbent
29th Ministry – Cabinet of Justin Trudeau
Cabinet post (1)
Predecessor Office Successor
Lisa Raitt Minister of Transport
2015–present		 Incumbent
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