List of government ministries of Thailand

The Government Ministries of Thailand (Thai: กระทรวง: Krasuang) are the government agencies that compose the executive branch of the Government of Thailand. Each ministry is headed by a minister of state (Thai: รัฐมนตรีว่าการกระทรวง, RTGS: Ratthamontri Wa Kan Krasuang) and, depending on the prime minister, several deputy ministers (Thai: รัฐมนตรีช่วยว่าการกระทรวง) . The combined heads of these agencies form the Cabinet of Thailand. There are 19 ministries.[1] The combined employees of these departments make up the civil service of Thailand.

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Ministries

The present structure of the Royal Thai Government is unchanged since the Administrative Reorganisation Act, BE 2545 (2002). The cabinet includes 19 ministries plus the Office of the Prime Minister (OPM). A new, twentieth ministry, the "Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation", is due to be established in June 2019. The government has allocated 130 billion baht to the new ministry for fiscal year 2020, which starts 1 October 2019.[2]

Ministries
Ministry Name Created Head Seal
English Thai Romanised
(RTGS)		 Image Name
Office of the Prime Minister สำนักนายกรัฐมนตรี Samnak Nayok Ratthamontri 1960 Minister
Seal of Rajasiha and Gajasiha, the Protectors of the Constitution
Ministry of Defence กระทรวงกลาโหม Krasuang Kalahom 1887 Minister
Seal of the Thai Armed Forces
Ministry of Finance กระทรวงการคลัง Krasuang Kan Khlang 1875 Minister
Seal of the Bird of Paradise
Ministry of Foreign Affairs กระทรวงการต่างประเทศ Krasuang Kan Tang Prathet 1840 Minister
Seal of the Crystal Lotus
Ministry of Tourism and Sports กระทรวงการท่องเที่ยวและกีฬา Krasuang Kan Thong Thiao Lae Kila 2002 Minister
Seal of the Lord of Strength on the Back of Airavata
Ministry of Social Development and Human Security กระทรวงการพัฒนาสังคมและความมั่นคงของมนุษย์ Krasuang Kan Phatthana Sangkhom Lae Khwam Man Khong Khong Manut 2002 Minister Seal of the Lord of Creatures
Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation กระทรวงการอุดมศึกษา วิทยาศาสตร์ วิจัยและนวัตกรรม Krasuang Kan Udomsueksa Witthayasat Wijai Lae Nawattakam 2019 Minister
Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives กระทรวงเกษตรและสหกรณ์ Krasuang Kaset Lae Sahakon 1892 Minister
Seal of Varuna on Naga's Back
Ministry of Transport กระทรวงคมนาคม Krasuang Khamanakhom 1912 Minister
Seal of Rama on the Chariot
Ministry of Digital Economy and Society กระทรวงดิจิทัลเพื่อเศรษฐกิจและสังคม Krasuang Digital Phuea Setthakit Lae Sangkhom 2016 Minister
Seal of Budha
Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment กระทรวงทรัพยากรธรรมชาติและสิ่งแวดล้อม Krasuang Sapphayakon Thammachat Lae Sing Waet Lom 2002 Minister Seal of the Shield of Nature
Ministry of Energy กระทรวงพลังงาน Krasuang Phalang Ngan 2002 Minister
Seal of Lokuttara
Ministry of Commerce กระทรวงพาณิชย์ Krasuang Phanit 1892 Minister
Seal of Vishvakarman
Ministry of Interior กระทรวงมหาดไทย Krasuang Mahatthai 1892 Minister
Seal of the Lion
Ministry of Justice กระทรวงยุติธรรม Krasuang Yuttitham 1891 Minister
Seal of the Scales of Justice
Ministry of Labour กระทรวงแรงงาน Krasuang Raeng Ngan 1993 Minister Seal of the Three Deities
Ministry of Culture กระทรวงวัฒนธรรม Krasuang Watthanatham 2002 Minister
Seal of the Illumed Baldachin
Ministry of Education กระทรวงศึกษาธิการ Krasuang Sueksathikan 1892 Minister
Seal of the Wheel of Law
Ministry of Public Health กระทรวงสาธารณสุข Krasuang Satharanasuk 1942 Minister
Seal of Caduceus

(Renew Seal Design in 2016)

Ministry of Industry กระทรวงอุตสาหกรรม Krasuang Utsahakam 1942 Minister
Seal of Narayana Churning the Ocean of Milk

History

During the Rattanakosin Period, the kingdom's administration was similar to that of the Ayutthaya Period. There were two chief ministers (Thai: อัครมหาเสนาบดี: Akkhramahasenabodi): the first running military affairs or samuhakalahom (Thai: สมุหกลาโหม), and the second Samuhanayok (Thai: สมุหนายก) for civilian affairs. The civilian ministry was divided further into four kroms (Thai: กรม), headed by a senabodi (Thai: เสนาบดี) or 'minister'. This type of administration was called the Chatusadom (Thai: จตุสดมภ์) :

Ministries
Name Thai Name Head Purpose
Krom Nakhonban or Kromma Wiang กรมนครบาล หรือ กรมเวียง Senabodi Cities and local administration
Kromma Wang กรมวัง Senabodi Palace affairs
Kromma Khlang กรมคลัง Senabodi Treasury and trade
Kromma Na กรมนา Senabodi Agriculture and land

Rama V reforms

King Chulalongkorn (Rama V), who had received a European education and traveled widely, reformed the administration of the state. In 1875, he issued a royal decree to bring about this reform, dividing and creating many departments, and thereby preventing the archaic system from collapsing.

The administrative reforms of Chulalongkorn created six ministries (Thai: กระทรวง: krasuang), each headed by a minister of state or (Thai: รัฐมนตรี, RTGS: ratthamontri):

Ministries
Name Thai Name RTGS Head Purpose
Ministry of Interior กระทรวงมหาดไทย Krasuang Mahatthai Minister Local administration and the north
Ministry of War กระทรวงยุทธนาการ Krasuang Yuttana Thikarn Military and the south
Ministry of Metropolitan กระทรวงนครบาล Krasuang Nakhonban Bangkok and surrounding area
Ministry of the Royal Household กระทรวงวัง Krasuang Wang Palace affairs
Ministry of Finance กระทรวงการคลัง Krasuang Kan Khlang Finance and commerce
Ministry of Agriculture กระทรวงเกษตราธิการ Krasuang Kasettrathikarn Agriculture and land

A further four were soon added:

Ministries
Name Thai Name Head Purpose
Ministry of Foreign Affairs กระทรวงการต่างประเทศ Minister Foreign affairs and relations
Ministry of Justice กระทรวงยุติธรรม Minister Justice and the judiciary
Ministry of Transport and Communication กระทรวงโยธาธิการ Minister Transport and communication (railways and telegrams)
Ministry of Education กระทรวงธรรมการ Minister Education

By 1900 the entire structure was formed. The ten ministries became the center of Siamese government and rule. After the 1932 Revolution, most of the ministries were retained by the Khana Ratsadon, however from then on the ministers were chosen by the prime minister and not the king.

See also

References
  1. "Government Agencies". Office of the Prime Minister (OPM) (Thailand). Retrieved 5 July 2016.
  2. Theparat, Chatrudee (25 April 2019). "Novel R&D ministry 80% ready". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 26 April 2019.


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