List of foreign ships wrecked or lost in the Spanish Civil War
The following is a list of foreign ships wrecked or lost during the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939). Only one of these vessels lost belonged to a foreign navy - Chasseur 91, a French antisubmarine patrol boat - the remainder being civilian ships from different countries, most of them merchantmen involved in maritime trade with the Spanish Republic.
List of ships
Foreign ships sunk, wrecked or lost while involved in shipping along Spain from July 1936 to April 1939.[1]
British flag
Name and date of loss | Ship's owner | Type of Incident | Aftermath |
---|---|---|---|
22 January 1939 |
Air attack at Barcelona | Raised by Nationalist ships on 18 April 1939, confiscated and renamed Castillo Montjuich | |
4 February 1938 |
Air attack off Barcelona | Sunk in deep waters | |
27 June 1938 |
Air attack at Valencia | Set ablaze - Towed outside the port and sunk | |
9 August 1936 |
Surface action - Shelled by the Nationalist cruiser Almirante Cervera at Gijon |
Yacht wrecked, skipper killed. American owner Eloise Drake and two members of the crew wounded, rescued by destroyer HMS Comet.[2][3][nb 1] | |
27 July 1938 |
Air attack at Gandia | Raised by Nationalist ships on 10 May 1939, confiscated and renamed Castilla Montesa | |
30 November 1938 |
Air attack at Águilas | Raised by Nationalist ships in 1940, confiscated and renamed Castillo Vera | |
21 January 1938 |
Torpedoed and sunk by the Nationalist submarine General Sanjurjo off Cape Tiñoso |
Sunk in deep waters. Submarine's commander dismissed after British protest | |
6 June 1938 |
Campsa-Gentibus, Madrid |
Air attack at Alicante | Raised by Nationalist ships on 26 April 1939, confiscated and renamed Castillo Almenara |
27 June 1938 |
Air attack at Alicante | Raised by Nationalist ships on 27 June 1939, confiscated and renamed Castillo Montiel | |
27 June 1937 |
Air attack at Valencia | Raised by Nationalist ships in 1940, confiscated and renamed Castillo Riaza | |
28 May 1938 |
Air attack at Valencia | Raised by Nationalist ships on 24 November 1938, confiscated and renamed Castillo Noreña | |
9 June 1938 |
Air attack at Castellon | Raised by Nationalist ships in 1939, confiscated and renamed Castillo Frías | |
30 October 1937 |
Air attack off Santander | Sunk in deep waters | |
28 January 1939 |
Damaged by air attack on 6 August 1938; abandoned and eventually beached off Palamos Surface action - Shelled and wrecked in situ by the Nationalist auxiliary cruiser Mar Negro[5][nb 2] |
Sunk in shallow waters | |
10 February 1938 |
Air attack at Valencia | Raised by Nationalist ships on 24 May 1939, confiscated and renamed Castillo Benisano | |
24 January 1939 |
Campsa-Gentibus, Madrid |
Air attack at Barcelona | Raised by Nationalist ships in 1940 and confiscated, but eventually scrapped in 1944 |
31 May 1938 |
Air attack off Valencia | Sunk in deep waters | |
6 June 1938 |
Air attack at Alicante | Heavily damaged. Hull sold to an Italian company which rebuilt her as Capo Vita.[7] | |
4 November 1938 |
Internal explosion off Sète, France, while on passage to Barcelona | Beached and later scrapped | |
27 December 1938 |
Air attack at Barcelona | Raised by Nationalist ships on 24 April 1939, confiscated and renamed Castillo Almansa | |
12 May 1937 |
Foundered off Berlengas islands while bound to Cartagena | Sank in deep waters | |
23 February 1939 |
Surface action - Shelled and seized by the Nationalist gunboat Dato off Cap de Creus[8] | Ran aground in a gale while in custody at Palma de Mallorca. Skipper killed in the wreckage.[9] Raised by Nationalist ships in 1939, confiscated and renamed Castilla del Oro (later Condestable) | |
22 June 1938 |
Air attack off Valencia | Sunk in deep waters | |
25 May 1938 |
Air attack off Valencia | Sunk in deep waters | |
10 June 1938 |
Air attack at Alicante | Raised by Nationalist ships on 18 May 1938, confiscated and renamed Castillo Guadalest | |
21 June 1938 |
Air attack off Valencia | Sunk in deep waters | |
18 January 1939 |
Accidental fire at the Strait of Gibraltar[10] | Abandoned. Salvaged by Nationalist warships, towed to Barcelona.[nb 3] | |
1 September 1937 |
Cº Primera de Navegación, Ltd. |
Torpedoed and sunk by the Italian submarine Diaspro off Columbretes islands | Sunk in deep waters |
13 October 1938 |
Air attack at Barcelona | Raised by Nationalist ships on 16 January 1940, confiscated and renamed Castillo Monteagudo.[nb 4] |
French flag
Name and date of loss | Ship's owner | Type of Incident | Aftermath |
---|---|---|---|
14 August 1938 |
Hit a mine while en route from Marseilles to Oran | Sank in depth waters | |
15 January 1939 |
Surface action - Seized by the Nationalist gunboat Dato | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Valldemosa | |
25 January 1939 |
Air attack at Sant Feliu de Guíxols | Raised by Nationalist ships in 1940, confiscated and renamed Castillo Javier | |
2 May 1937 |
Internal explosion off Palma de Mallorca | Sank in deep waters | |
8 June 1938 |
Air attack off Denia | Beached, total loss | |
15 June 1938 |
Air attack at Valencia | Total loss | |
20 October 1938 |
Air attack at Fornells | Total loss | |
30 May 1938 |
Air attack off El Grau, Valencia | Total loss | |
21 December 1937 |
Surface action - Seized by the Nationalist auxiliary cruiser Mallorca at the Strait of Gibraltar | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Andrade | |
15 June 1938 |
Air attack at Valencia | Raised by Nationalist ships on 28 September 1939, confiscated and renamed Castillo Turégano | |
2 January 1938 |
Grounded at Punta Polacra | Total loss | |
4 November 1938 |
Air attack off Cape Matara | Raised by Nationalist ships, confiscated and renamed Castillo Jarandilla | |
6 July 1937 |
Surface action - Seized by the Nationalist cruiser Almirante Cervera | Confiscated and renamed Castillo Almodóvar | |
24 October 1937 |
Air attack off Balearic Islands | Sunk in deep waters | |
8 March 1939 |
Hit a mine while bound for Algiers | Sank with all hands | |
17 December 1937 |
Surface action - Seized by the Nationalist auxiliary cruiser Lázaro at the Strait of Gibraltar | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Simancas | |
28 September 1938 |
Grounded at Cadaqués | Total loss | |
26 January 1939 |
Air attack at Barcelona | Total loss |
Soviet flag
Name and date of loss | Ship's owner | Type of Incident | Aftermath |
---|---|---|---|
3 September 1937 |
Torpedoed and sunk off Skyros by the Italian submarine Settembrini | Sunk in deep waters | |
17 October 1938 |
Surface action - Captured by the Nationalist minelayer Vulcano | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Ampudia | |
14 December 1936 |
Surface action - Shelled and sunk by the Nationalist cruiser Canarias | Sunk in deep waters[nb 5] | |
19 March 1938 |
Surface action - Captured by Nationalist patrol boats at the Strait of Gibraltar | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Bellver | |
2 November 1938 |
Surface action - Captured by the Nationalist minelayer Vulcano | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Montealegre | |
31 May 1938 |
Surface action - Captured by the Nationalist auxiliary cruiser Vicente Puchol | Confiscated, renamed Castillo de Olite[nb 6] | |
26 May 1938 |
Surface action - Captured by the Nationalist cruiser Canarias | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Maqueda | |
10 January 1937 |
Surface action - Captured by the Nationalist destroyer Velasco off Bilbao | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Peñafiel | |
31 August 1937 |
Surface action - Torpedoed and sunk by the Italian destroyer Turbine off Tigzirt | Sunk in deep waters | |
23 October 1938 |
Surface action - Captured by the Nationalist cruiser Almirante Cervera | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Villafranca | |
Greek flag
Name and date of loss | Ship's owner | Type of Incident | Aftermath |
---|---|---|---|
19 May 1938 |
Surface action - Captured by the Nationalist cruiser Canarias near Cape Passero | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Mombeltrán | |
28 March 1937 |
Surface action - Captured by the Nationalist patrol boat Uad Kert on the Strait of Gibraltar | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Tarifa | |
30 March 1938 |
Torpedoed by a submarine - apparently the Nationalist General Mola[12] | Towed to Barcelona, and sank there in shallow waters. Raised by Nationalist ships, confiscated, and renamed Castillo Moncada | |
4 March 1937 |
Hit a mine off Cape San Sebastian | Sank in deep waters | |
25 February 1939 |
Hit a mine off Cap de Creus | Sank in deep waters | |
5 April 1937 |
Surface action - Captured by the Nationalist patrol boat Maria Teresa at the Strait of Gibraltar | Confiscated and renamed Castillo Monforte | |
9 November 1938 |
Surface action - Captured by Nationalist patrol boat at the Strait of Gibraltar | Confiscated and renamed Castillo Madrigal | |
2 April 1937 |
Surface action - Shelled and sunk by the Nationalist cruiser Baleares | Sunk in deep waters | |
11 November 1938 |
Surface action - Captured by the Nationalist auxiliary cruiser Mar Cantábrico | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Oropesa |
Panamanian flag
Name and date of loss | Ship's owner | Type of Incident | Aftermath |
---|---|---|---|
6 April 1937 |
Surface action - Shelled and sunk by the Nationalist armed trawler Galerna off Santoña | Sunk in deep waters | |
6 January 1939 |
Air attack at Alicante | Raised by Nationalist ships in 1939, confiscated and renamed Alhucemas | |
15 August 1937 |
(Esso affiliated) |
Surface action - Shelled and torpedoed by the Italian destroyer Freccia off Tunis | Ran aground after being abandoned[nb 7] |
16 April 1937 |
Surface action - Captured by Nationalist cruiser Almirante Cervera | Confiscated and renamed Castillo la Mota | |
14 March 1937 |
Surface action - Captured by the Nationalist patrol boat Huelva | Confiscated and renamed Castillo Arévalo y Tarifa | |
27 May 1938 |
Air attack south of Menorca | Sunk in deep waters | |
19 October 1937 |
Air attack at Gijon | Raised by Nationalist ships on 30 June 1938, confiscated and renamed Castillo Olmedo | |
30 May 1938 |
Surface action - Captured by the Nationalist cruiser squadron | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Rio Seco y Finisterre |
Danish flag
Name and date of loss | Ship's owner | Type of Incident | Aftermath |
---|---|---|---|
29 July 1938 |
Air attack at Palamos | Sunk in deep waters | |
13 August 1938 |
Air attack off Balearic Islands | Sunk in deep waters | |
26 May 1938 |
Surface action - Captured by the Nationalist patrol boat Iñasi | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Coca |
Norwegian flag
Name and date of loss | Ship's owner | Type of Incident | Aftermath |
---|---|---|---|
30 March 1938 |
Surface action - Captured by the Nationalist patrol boat Huelva off Gibraltar | Grounded and lost off Santoña | |
7 December 1936 |
Bombed by Republican aircraft at Seville[15] | Broken up in Vado Ligure, Italy, in May 1937 | |
1 January 1938 |
Struck a reef off Santander | Total loss | |
21 July 1938 |
Surface action - Captured by Nationalist patrol boats at the Strait of Gibraltar | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Daroca |
Dutch flag
Name and date of loss | Ship's owner | Type of Incident | Aftermath |
---|---|---|---|
11 November 1938 |
Torpedoed and sunk by the Nationalist submarine General Mola off Cape San Antonio | Sunk in deep waters | |
27 January 1937 |
Foundered off Berlengas Islands | Sank in deep waters |
Estonian flag
German flag
Name and date of loss | Ship's owner | Type of Incident | Aftermath |
---|---|---|---|
3 January 1938 |
Foundered at Melilla | Total loss | |
12 April 1938 |
Stranded at Cape Gando | Total loss |
Belgian flag
Name and date of loss | Ship's owner | Type of Incident | Aftermath |
---|---|---|---|
30 January 1938 |
Grounded near Corunna | Total loss |
Italian flag
Name and date of loss | Ship's owner | Type of Incident | Aftermath |
---|---|---|---|
1 March 1937 |
Foundered off Cadiz | Sank in deep waters |
Latvian flag
Name and date of loss | Ship's owner | Type of Incident | Aftermath |
---|---|---|---|
19 November 1938 |
Surface action - Captured by Nationalist patrol boats off Gibraltar | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Fuensaldaña |
Footnotes
- The owner later salvaged the hull, which remained docked at England in 1939, after Ms. Drake purchased another yacht in 1938.[4]
- Republican sources claim that Lake Lugano was shelled by the heavy cruiser Canarias, but the only naval bombardment on a British freighter at Palamós recorded by Nationalist reports on this date was actually carried out by Mar Negro.[6]
- Seized by Italian authorities while being rebuilt at Savona in a shipyard on 10 June 1940, when Italy entered World War II
- Captured by the Nationalist cruiser Canarias off Bilbao, rescued and forcibly taken to Bermeo by the Basque naval trawler Bizcaia on 4 March 1937. Captured again by Nationalist armed trawlers and minelayer Júpiter on 5 October 1938. Released 20 November
- Scuttled per Soviet sources[11]
- Sunk in March 1939 by Republican coastal batteries at Cartagena during a landing attempt
- While some authors[1][13] assess this tanker as a total loss, she actually served under British flag during World War II[14]
References
- González Etchegaray, Rafael (1977). La Marina Mercante y el tráfico marítimo en la Guerra Civil. Ed. San Martín, Appendix two. ISBN 84-7140-150-9 (in Spanish)
- Gretton, Peter (1984). El Factor Olvidado: La Marina Británica y la Guerra Civil Española. Editorial San Martín, p. 98. ISBN 84-7140-224-6. (in Spanish)
- Evening Post, 11 August 1936
- The Palm Beach Post, 9 Aug 1939, pp. 1-2
- de Trijueque, Pere (17 September 2006). "Un pobre vaixell anomenat "Lake Lugano"" (PDF) (in Catalan). Retrieved 14 April 2016.
- Moreno de Alborán y de Reyna, Salvador (1998). La guerra silenciosa y silenciada: historia de la campaña naval durante la guerra de 1936-39, Volume 4, Part 2, p. 2725. Ed. Alborán. ISBN 84-923691-0-8 (in Spanish)
- Heaton, Paul (1985).Welsh Blockade Runners in the Spanish Civil War. Starling press, Appendix 2. ISBN 0-9507714-5-7
- Moreno de Alborán y de Reyna, Salvador (1998). La guerra silenciosa y silenciada: historia de la campaña naval durante la guerra de 1936-39, Volume 4, Part 2. Ed. Alborán, p. 3064. ISBN 84-923691-0-8 (in Spanish)
- House of Commons, Parliamentary debate of 20 March 1939
- Besly, Edward (2004). For those in peril: civil decorations and lifesaving awards at the National Museums & Galleries of Wales. National Museum Wales, p. 74. ISBN 0-7200-0546-9
- Alpert, Michael (2008). La guerra civil española en el mar. Editorial Critica, p. 210,. ISBN 84-8432-975-5 (in Spanish)
- General Mola by Daniel Prieto (in Spanish)
- Gretton, Peter (1984). El Factor Olvidado: La Marina Británica y la Guerra Civil Española. Editorial San Martín, p. 308. ISBN 84-7140-224-6. (in Spanish)
- Wynn, Kenneth (1997). U-boat Operations of the Second World War: Career histories, U1-U510. Chatham, p. 47. ISBN 1-86176-024-8
- "Gulnes (1091361)". Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 17 March 2012.
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