List of culinary fruits

This list contains the names of fruits that are considered edible either raw or in some cuisines. The word "fruit" is used in several different ways.[1] The definition of fruit for this list is a culinary fruit, i.e. "Any sweet, edible part of a plant that resembles fruit, even if it does not develop from a floral ovary; also used in a technically imprecise sense for some sweet or semi-sweet vegetables, some of which may resemble a true fruit or are used in cookery as if they were a fruit, for example rhubarb."[2][3] Many edible plant parts that are true fruits botanically speaking, are not considered culinary fruits. They are classified as vegetables in the culinary sense (for example: the tomato, zucchini, and so on), and hence they do not appear in this list. Similarly, some botanical fruits are classified as nuts (e.g. brazil nut), and do not appear here either. Because of all this, this list is also not meant to be botanically correct with how the fruits are grouped together, instead, fruits are grouped together based on physical similarities (e.g. bananas are botanically a berry, but wouldn't commonly be called such, so they are not grouped with the other berries on this list).

Various fruits for sale at a grocery store

Pomes

A basket full of apples
Different pear varieties

Pomes include any crunchy accessory fruit that surrounds the fruit's inedible "core" (composed of the plant's endocarp) and typically has its seeds arranged in a star-like pattern. (This includes berry-sized fruits.)

Common name Species name Cultivar list
Apple Malus pumila Apple cultivars
Chinese quince Pseudocydonia sinensis
Chokeberry Aronia melanocarpa
Cocky apple Planchonia careya
Eastern mayhaw Crataegus aestivalis
Hawthorn Crataegus rhipidophylla
Jagua Genipa americana
Loquat Eriobotrya japonica
Lovi-lovi Flacourtia inermis
Medlar Mespilus germanica
Niedzwetzky's apple Malus niedzwetzkyana
Pear Pyrus communis Pear cultivars
Quince Cydonia oblonga
Ramontchi Flacourtia indica
Rose hip Rosa rugosa
Rowan Sorbus aucuparia
Sapodilla Manilkara zapota
Scarlet firethorn Pyracantha coccinea
Serviceberry Amelanchier alnifolia
Shipova × Sorbopyrus irregularis
Sorb Sorbus domestica
Southern crabapple Malus angustifolia
Toyon Heteromeles arbutifolia

Drupes

An illustration of plums

Drupes represent any fruit (even berry-sized) that has only one seed (or "stone") or one hard capsule containing seeds.

Common name Species name Cultivar list
Açaí Euterpe oleracea
Acerola Malpighia emarginata
African mango Irvingia gabonensis
African mangosteen Garcinia livingstonei
African oil palm fruit Elaeis guineensis
Alaskan bunchberry Cornus × unalaschkensis
Ambarella Spondias dulcis
American oil palm fruit Elaeis oleifera
American plum Prunus americana
Apricot Prunus armeniaca
Bambangan Mangifera pajang
Beach plum Prunus maritima
Bignay Antidesma bunius
Binjai Mangifera caesia
Black cherry Prunus serotina
Bolivian mountain coconut Parajubaea torallyi
Brush cherry Syzygium australe
Bush butter fruit Dacryodes edulis
Canadian bunchberry Cornus canadensis
Casimiroa Casimiroa edulis
Cedar bay cherry Eugenia reinwardtiana
Changunga Byrsonima crassifolia
Cherry Prunus avium
Cherry elaeagnus Elaeagnus multiflora
Cherry of the rio grande Eugenia involucrata
Chinese date Ziziphus mauritiana
Choke cherry Prunus virginiana
Cocoplum Chrysobalanus icaco
Coconut Cocos nucifera
Cornelian cherry Cornus mas
Country-almond Terminalia catappa
Creek plum Prunus rivularis
Crowberry Empetrum nigrum
Curry berry Murraya koenigii
Damson Prunus domestica subsp. insititia
Date Phoenix dactylifera
Desert quandong Santalum acuminatum
Emblic Phyllanthus emblica
Emu apple Owenia acidula
Engkala Litsea garciae
Fibrous satinash Syzygium fibrosum
Flatwoods plum Prunus umbellata
Gomortega Gomortega keule
Greengage Prunus domestica subsp. italica
Green plum Buchanania obovata
Guavaberry Myrciaria floribunda
Gubinge Terminalia ferdinandiana
Hairless rambutan Nephelium xerospermoides
Jambolan Syzygium cumini
Jelly palm fruit Butia capitata
Jocote Spondias purpurea
Jujube Ziziphus jujuba
Kelsey plum Prunus salicina spp.
King coconut Cocos nucifera var. aurantiaca
Korlan Nephelium hypoleucum
Little gooseberry Buchanania arborescens
Longan Dimocarpus longan
Lychee Litchi chinensis
Malay rose apple Syzygium malaccense
Mamey sapote Pouteria sapota
Mango Mangifera indica Mango cultivars
Maprang Bouea macrophylla
Marula Sclerocarya birrea
Miracle fruit Synsepalum dulcificum
Moriche palm fruit Mauritia flexuosa
Nectarine Prunus persica var. nucipersica
Neem Azadirachta indica
Nepali hog plum Choerospondias axillaris
Nutmeg Myristica fragrans
Otaheite gooseberry Phyllanthus acidus
Peach Prunus persica
Peanut butter fruit Bunchosia glandulifera
Pequi Caryocar brasiliense
Pigeon plum Coccoloba diversifolia
Pili Canarium ovatum
Pitanga Eugenia uniflora
Plum Prunus domestica Plum cultivars
Pulasan Nephelium mutabile
Rambutan Nephelium lappaceum
Red bush apple Syzygium suborbiculare
Riberry Syzygium luehmannii
Sageretia Sageretia theezans
Saw palmetto fruit Serenoa repens
Sea coconut Lodoicea maldivica
Shoebutton ardisia Ardisia elliptica
Silver buffaloberry Shepherdia argentea
Sloe Prunus spinosa
Spanish cherry Mimusops elengi
Spanish lime Melicoccus bijugatus
Tamarind-plum Dialium indum
Velvet tamarind Dialium cochinchinense
Velvet tamarind Dialium guineense
Watery rose apple Syzygium aqueum
Wax apple Syzygium samarangense
Wild peach Terminalia carpentariae
Wongi Manilkara kauki
Yangmei Myrica rubra
Yellow plum Ximenia americana
Zwetschge Prunus domestica subsp. domestica

Citruses

One whole lemon and one cut in half
The buddha's hand, a uniquely shaped variant of citron
Blood oranges cut in half
Lime and blossom

Citruses represent fruit known botanically as "hesperidia", berries with thick and leathery rinds. These fruits are generally sour and acidic to some extent and have a wagon wheel-like cross section.

Common name Species name Cultivar list
African cherry orange Citropsis articulata
Amanatsu Citrus × natsudaidai
Bajoura citron Citrus medica ssp. bajoura
Bergamot orange Citrus bergamia
Bitter orange Citrus × aurantium
Blood lime Citrus australasica var. sanguinea x 'Ellendale Mandarin'
Blood orange Citrus × sinensis 'Blood Orange'
Buddha's hand Citrus medica var. sarcodactylis
Calamondin × Citrofortunella microcarpa
Cam sành Citrus reticulata × sinensis
Centennial variegated kumquat Citrus margarita 'Centennial Variegated Kumquat'
Citron Citrus medica Citron cultivars
Clementine Citrus × clementina
Desert lime Citrus glauca
Etrog Citrus medica var. ethrog
Finger lime Citrus australasica
Florentine citron Citrus × limonimedica
Grapefruit Citrus × paradisi
Hyuganatsu Citrus tamurana
Ichang papeda Citrus cavaleriei
Iyokan Citrus × iyo
Jiangsu kumquat Citrus obovata
Kabosu Citrus sphaerocarpa
Kaffir lime Citrus hystrix
Key lime Citrus × aurantiifolia
Kinnow Citrus nobilis × citrus × deliciosa
Kiyomi Citrus unshiu × citrus sinensis
Kumquat Citrus japonica
Lemon Citrus limon
Lime Citrus × latifolia
Limequat Citrus × floridana
Mandarin orange Citrus reticulata
Mangshanyegan Citrus mangshanensis
Meyer lemon Citrus × meyeri
Myrtle-leaved orange Citrus myrtifolia
Ōgonkan Citrus flaviculpus
Orange Citrus × sinensis
Oroblanco Citrus grandis × citrus paradisi
Oval kumquat Citrus margarita
Persian lime Citrus × latifolia
Pomelo Citrus maxima
Ponderosa lemon Citrus × pyriformis
Rangpur Citrus × limonia
Round lime Citrus australis
Satsuma mandarin Citrus unshiu
Shangjuan Citrus cavaleriei × citrus
Shonan gold Citrus flaviculpus × citrus unshiu
Sudachi Citrus sudachi
Sweet limetta Citrus limetta
Taiwan tangerine Citrus × depressa
Tangelo Citrus × tangelo
Tangerine Citrus tangerina
Tangor Citrus reticulata × sinensis
Ugli fruit Citrus reticulata × citrus paradisi
Yuzu Citrus junos

Berries

Different raspberries
Blueberries on display to be sold
Honeyberries with their unique bell shape

Berries represent any fruit that is berry-sized ("berry-sized," meaning you could hold many in the palms of your hands), unless they are a Pome or Drupe, which go in their respective categories.

Common name Species name Cultivar list
Achacha Garcinia humilis
Amazon grape Pourouma cecropiifolia
American black elderberry Sambucus canadensis
American red elderberry Sambucus pubens
American red raspberry Rubus strigosus
Angular sea-fig Carpobrotus glaucescens
Apple berry Billardiera scandens
Arabian coffee Coffea arabica Coffee cultivars
Araza Eugenia stipitata
Atherton raspberry Rubus probus
Barberry Berberis vulgaris
Bearberry Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
Bengal currant Carissa carandas
Bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus
Black currant Ribes nigrum
Black mulberry Morus nigra
Blackberry Rubus allegheniensis
Blue guarri Euclea crispa
Blue tongue Melastoma affine
Blueberry Vaccinium corymbosum
Bolwarra Eupomatia laurina
Boquila Boquila trifoliolata
Boysenberry Rubus ursinus × rubus idaeus
Brazil cherry Eugenia brasiliensis
Calabur fruit Muntingia calabura
Calligonum junceum Calligonum junceum
Camu camu Myrciaria dubia
Cape gooseberry Physalis peruviana
Cattley guava Psidium cattleyanum
Ceylon gooseberry Dovyalis hebecarpa
Chilean guava Ugni molinae
Cloudberry Rubus chamaemorus
Coarse dodder-laurel fruit Cassytha melantha
Copperleaf snowberry Gaultheria hispida
Conkerberry Carissa spinarum
Cranberry Vaccinium macrocarpon
Creeping raspberry Rubus hayata-koidzumii
Cudrang Maclura tricuspidata
Darwin's barberry Berberis darwinii
Date-plum Diospyros lotus
Dewberry Rubus flagellaris
Eastern teaberry Gaultheria procumbens
Elderberry Sambucus nigra
Emu berry Grewia retusifolia
Fox grape Vitis labrusca
Golden kiwifruit Actinidia chinensis
Gooseberry Ribes uva-crispa
Grape Vitis vinifera Grape cultivars
Hackberry Celtis occidentalis
Hardy kiwi Actinidia arguta
Honeyberry Lonicera caerulea
Honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum
Huckleberry Vaccinium ovatum
Jabuticaba Plinia cauliflora
Japanese bramble berry Rubus parvifolius
Kei apple Dovyalis caffra
Kiwifruit Actinidia deliciosa
Kokum Garcinia indica
Kwai muk Artocarpus hypargyreus
Langsat Lansium parasiticum
Lemon aspen fruit Acronychia acidula
Limeberry Triphasia trifolia
Lingonberry Vaccinium vitis-idaea
Loganberry Rubus × loganobaccus
Mangaba Hancornia speciosa
Maqui berry Aristotelia chilensis
Mayapple Podophyllum peltatum
Midgen berry Austromyrtus dulcis
Molucca bramble berry Rubus moluccanus
Mora común Rubus adenotrichos
Mora de castilla Rubus glaucus
Mortiño Vaccinium floribundum
Muntrie Kunzea pomifera
Muscadine Vitis rotundifolia
Nannyberry Viburnum lentago
Native cherry Exocarpos cupressiformis
Native currant Acrotriche depressa
Oregon grape Mahonia aquifolium
Pentadiplandra brazzeana Pentadiplandra brazzeana
Phalsa Grewia asiatica
Pitomba-da-bahia Eugenia luschnathiana
Purple apple-berry Billardiera longiflora
Purple guava Psidium rufum
Raspberry Rubus strigosus
Red currant Ribes rubrum
Red huckleberry Vaccinium parvifolium
Red mulberry Morus rubra
Roseleaf bramble berry Rubus rosifolius
Rukam Flacourtia rukam
Salal Gaultheria shallon
Salmonberry Rubus spectabilis
Saskatoon Amelanchier alnifolia
Sea buckthorn Hippophae rhamnoides
Sea grape Coccoloba uvifera
Small-leaved myrtle berry Archirhodomyrtus beckleri
Small-leaved tamarind Diploglottis campbellii
Spanish tamarind Vangueria madagascariensis
Strawberry Fragaria Strawberry cultivars
Strawberry tree fruit Arbutus unedo
Sweet apple-berry Billardiera cymosa
Tamarillo Solanum betaceum
Tayberry Rubus fruticosus × rubus idaeus
Texas persimmon Diospyros texana
Thimbleberry Rubus parviflorus
Wampee Clausena lansium
White aspen berry Acronychia oblongifolia
White bark raspberry Rubus leucodermis
White mulberry Morus alba
Wild orange Capparis mitchellii
Wild strawberry Fragaria vesca
Wineberry Rubus phoenicolasius
Wolfberry Lycium barbarum
Yantok Calamus manillensis
Yellow mombin Spondias mombin
Youngberry Rubus caesius 'Youngberry'
Zig-zag vine fruit Melodorum leichhardtii

Melons

Cantaloupe and slice

Melons represent any fruit in the family Cucurbitaceae that are not treated as a culinary vegetable.

Common name Species name Cultivar list
Bailan melon Cucumis melo var. inodorus 'Bailan Melon'
Canary melon Cucumis melo var. inodorus 'Canary Melon'
Cassabanana Sicana odorifera
Collective farm woman melon Cucumis melo 'Collective Farm Woman Melon'
Crane melon Cucumis melo 'Crane Melon'
Crenshaw melon Cucumis melo 'Crenshaw Melon'
European cantaloupe Cucumis melo var. cantalupensis
Honeydew melon Cucumis melo var. inodorus
Horned melon Cucumis metuliferus
Korean melon Cucumis melo var. makuwa
Muskmelon Cucumis melo
North american cantaloupe Cucumis melo var. reticulatus Reticulatus group cultivars
Santa claus melon Cucumis melo var. inodorus 'Santa Claus Melon'
Sprite melon Cucumis melo 'Sprite Melon'
Tigger melon Cucumis melo 'Tigger Melon'
Watermelon Citrullus lanatus

Tropical and tropical-like fruit

Tropical fruit with labels
Bananas are a very popular tropical fruit
Jackfruit is known for being the world's largest fruit
Different angles of a star fruit

Tropical and tropical-like fruit are any culinary fruits that do not fit in any other category.

Common name Species name Cultivar list
Abiu Pouteria caimito
Ackee Blighia sapida
African custard-apple Annona senegalensis
African locust bean Parkia biglobosa
Aglaia teysmanniana Aglaia teysmanniana
American persimmon Diospyros virginiana
Annona conica Annona conica
Asam gelugur Garcinia atroviridis
Asam kelubi Eleiodoxa conferta
Atemoya Annona squamosa × annona cherimola
Babaco Vasconcellea × heilbornii
Bacuri Platonia insignis
Bael Aegle marmelos
Banana Musa acuminata 'Cavendish' Banana cultivars
Bilimbi Averrhoa bilimbi
Biribá Rollinia deliciosa
Black apple Pouteria australis
Black sapote Diospyros nigra
Brazilian guava Psidium guineense
Breadfruit Artocarpus altilis
Breadnut Artocarpus camansi
Burahol Stelechocarpus burahol
Burdekin plum Pleiogynium timoriense
Burmese grape Baccaurea ramiflora
Button mangosteen Garcinia prainiana
Cacao Theobroma cacao
Cainito Chrysophyllum cainito
Canistel Pouteria campechiana
Cashew apple Anacardium occidentale
Cawesh Annona scleroderma
Cempedak Artocarpus integer
Charichuelo Garcinia madruno
Cherimoya Annona cherimola Cherimoya cultivars
Cluster fig Ficus racemosa
Costa rican guava Psidium friedrichsthalianum
Courbaril Hymenaea courbaril
Cupuaçu Theobroma grandiflorum
Custard apple Annona reticulata
Davidson's plum Davidsonia jerseyana
Dead man's fingers Decaisnea insignis
Desert fig Ficus platypoda
Doub palm fruit Borassus flabellifer
Duguetia confinis Duguetia confinis
Duguetia spixiana Duguetia spixiana
Durian Durio zibethinus
Elephant apple Dillenia indica
Feijoa Acca sellowiana
Ficus carrii Ficus carrii
Fig Ficus carica
Gấc Momordica cochinchinensis
Gamboge Garcinia morella
Garcinia cambogia Garcinia gummi-gutta
Garcinia forbesii Garcinia forbesii
Giant granadilla Passiflora quadrangularis
Glenniea philippinensis Glenniea philippinensis
Guava Psidium guajava
Hala fruit Pandanus tectorius
Hydnora abyssinica Hydnora abyssinica
Ice-cream bean Inga edulis
Ilama Annona diversifolia
Jackfruit Artocarpus heterophyllus
Jícara Crescentia cujete
Kola nut Cola nitida
Keluak Pangium edule
Kundong Garcinia parvifolia
Lardizabala Lardizabala biternata
Lúcuma Pouteria lucuma
Luóhàn guǒ Siraitia grosvenorii
Malabar plum Syzygium jambos
Mammee Mammea americana
Marolo Annona crassiflora
Maypop Passiflora incarnata
Menteng Baccaurea racemosa
Monkey fruit Artocarpus lacucha
Monkey jackfruit Artocarpus rigidus
Monkeypod Pithecellobium dulce
Monstera deliciosa Monstera deliciosa
Mountain soursop Annona montana
Mundu Garcinia dulcis
Naranjilla Solanum quitoense
Natal orange Strychnos spinosa
Noni Morinda citrifolia
Ooray Davidsonia pruriens
Papaya Carica papaya
Passiflora platyloba Passiflora platyloba
Passionfruit Passiflora edulis
Pawpaw Asimina triloba
Pepino Solanum muricatum
Persimmon Diospyros kaki
Pineapple Ananas comosus
Pomegranate Punica granatum
Pond apple Annona glabra
Purple mangosteen Garcinia mangostana
Red fruit Pandanus conoideus
Salak Salacca zalacca
Sandpaper fig Ficus coronata
Santol Sandoricum koetjape
Smooth davidson's plum Davidsonia johnsonii
Soncoya Annona purpurea
Soursop Annona muricata
South american sapote Quararibea cordata
Star fruit Averrhoa carambola
Strangler fig Ficus aurea
Sugar-apple Annona squamosa
Sweet granadilla Passiflora ligularis
Sycamore fig Ficus sycomorus
Tamarind Tamarindus indica
Terap Artocarpus odoratissimus
Trichosanthes beccariana Trichosanthes beccariana
Vanilla Vanilla planifolia
Velvet apple Diospyros blancoi
White fig Ficus virens
Wild jack Artocarpus hirsutus
Wood-apple Limonia acidissima
Yellow granadilla Passiflora edulis f flavicarpa

Cacti and other succulent fruit

Cacti and other succulent fruit are fruits that come from either cacti or succulents.

Common name Species name Cultivar list
Bilberry cactus fruit Myrtillocactus geometrizans
Cardón fruit Pachycereus pringlei
Dragon fruit Hylocereus undatus
Karkalla fruit Carpobrotus rossii
Peruvian apple cactus fruit Cereus repandus
Prickly pear fruit Opuntia ficus-indica
Saguaro fruit Carnegiea gigantea

Plants with edible fruit-like structures

Plants with edible fruit-like structures are not technically fruit, but are used culinarily as such.

Common name Species name Cultivar list
Juniper berry Juniperus communis
Kahikatea Dacrycarpus dacrydioides
Manoao Manoao colensoi
Nageia Nageia nagi
Plum pine fruit Podocarpus elatus
Podocarpus Podocarpus elongatus
Prumnopitys Prumnopitys andina
Raisin tree fruit Hovenia dulcis
Rhubarb Rheum × hybridum Rhubarb cultivars
Rimu Dacrydium cupressinum
Tōtara Podocarpus totara

See also

References

  1. See Vegetable#Terminology
  2. See the Wiktionary definition of fruit
  3. Harri Vainio; Franca Bianchini (2003). Fruit and Vegetables. IARC. p. 2. ISBN 9283230086.
    This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.