List of bilateral animal orders

List of bilateral animal orders contains the Bilateria of the animal subkingdom Eumetazoa, divided into four superphyla, Deuterostomia, and the three Protostome superphyla, Ecdysozoa, and the two Spiralia superphyla, Platyzoa and Lophotrochozoa.

Xenoturbellida

Acoelomorpha

	Nemertodermatida

	Acoela

Olfactores

	Urochordata

	Craniata (including Vertebrata)

Ambulacraria

	Echinodermata

	Hemichordata

	Nematoda

	Nematomorpha

Tardigrada

	Onychophora

	Arthropoda

Scalidophora

	Priapulida

	Loricifera

	Kinorhyncha

Spiralia*

Polyzoa

Bryozoa

	Entoprocta

	Cycliophora

	Brachiopoda

	Phoronida

	Gnathostomulida

	Micrognathozoa

	Rotifera

The relative number of species contributed to the total by each phylum of animals. Arthropoda is the phylum with the most individual organisms.

Superb fairy-wren, Malurus cyaneus

Differences between Deuterostomes and Protostomes

Yellow-winged darter, Sympetrum flaveolum

Pseudobiceros bedfordi, (Bedford's flatworm)

The use of love darts by the land snail Monachoides vicinus is a form of sexual selection

Phylum Xenacoelomorpha

Subphylum Xenoturbella

Class incertae sedis (Family Xenoturbellidae)

Subphylum Acoelomorpha

Class Acoela
- Order incertae sedis (16 families)
Class Nemertodermatida
- Order incertae sedis (2 families)

Nephrozoa (unranked)

Infrakingdom Deuterostomia

Phylum Chordata

Ambulacraria

Phylum Hemichordata

Acorn worm

Class Enteropneusta (Acorn worms)

Order Enteropneusta

Class Graptolithina †

Order Camaroidea †
Order Crustoidea †
Order Dendroidea †
Order Dithecoidea †
Order Graptoloidea †
Order Stolonoidea †
Order Tuboidea †

Class Planctosphaeroidea

No order, one genus, one species Planctosphaera pelagica

Class Pterobranchia

Order Cephalodiscida
Order Rhabdopleurida

Phylum Echinodermata

Infrakingdom Protostomia

Superphylum Ecdysozoa

Cycloneuralia (unranked)

Scalidophora (unranked)

Phylum Kinorhyncha

Kinorhyncha

No class, 2 orders, called mud dragons, very common in mud or sand

Order Cyclorhagida
Order Homalorhagida

Phylum Loricifera

Pliciloricus enigmatus

No class, one order Nanaloricida

Phylum Priapulida

Priapulus caudatus

Class Priapulimorpha

Order Priapulimorphida
- Family Priapulidae
- Family Tubiluchidae

Class Halicryptomorpha

Order Halicryptomorphida

Class Seticoronaria

Order Seticoronarida
- - Genus Maccabeus

Nematoida (unranked)

Phylum Nematoda

Phylum Nematomorpha

Class Gordioidea
Class Nectonematoida

Panarthropoda (unranked)

Phylum Lobopodia †

Class Dinocaridida

Kerygmacheloidea
- Kerygmachela
- Pambdulurion
Anomalocaromorpha
- Parapeytoia
- Anomalocaria
  - Opabiniidae
    - Opabinia
    - Myoscolex
  - Anomalocarida
    - Pennsylvaniocaris
    - Piococaris
    - Sarocaris
    - Paranomalocaris
    - Anomalocarididae

Class Xenusia

Order Archonychophora
Archonychophora Hou & Bergstrom, 1995[1] - Undifferentiated appendages; each segment the same as each other. See [2]
Luolishaniidae Hou & Bergstrom, 1995 - three small rounded sclerites per segment - these are thorn-shaped spines.[2]
- Luolishania Hou & Chen 1989
- Miraluolishania Liu & Shu 2004
Paucipodiidae Hou et al., 2004[3] - with no dorsal sclerites, two claws, fine annulation and few segments.
- Paucipodia Hou et al. 2004

These taxa are only known from the Chengjiang (Cambrian Stage 2 Series 3).

Order Protonychophora
Protonychophora Hutchinson, 1930 - Spiny legs, reduced tail
Aysheaiidae Walcott, 1911 - many claws on each leg. Anterior grasping appendages with long spines.
- Aysheaia Walcott 1911
Xenusiidae Dzik & Krumbiegel, 1989 - >20 leg-bearing segments; paired, rounded sclerites on each segment; spiny legs.
- Xenusion Pompeckj, 1927
- Jianshanopodia Liu et al.[4] - from Chengjiang; two rows of tubercles but no obvious sclerites
- Hadranax Budd & Peel 1998 — from the Sirius Passet. Lacks obvious dorsal armature, but bears four 'nodes' per row.
Order Scleronychophora
Scleronychophora Hou & Bergstrom, 1995 - paired sclerites; elongated head sclerites
Eoconchariidae Hou & Shu, 1987 - ~10 leg-bearing segments, small head, sieve-like sclerites, varying in shape along body; curved claws on annulated legs; terminal mouth and anus.
- Microdictyon Bengtson et al.
- Quadratapora Hao and Shu, 1987
- Fusuconcharium Hao and Shu, 1987
Hallucigeniidae Conway Morris, 1977 - ~10 leg-bearing segments; large sclerites covering head; sclerites on each segment are long spines.
- Hallucigenia Conway Morris 1977 - From the Chengjiang, Kaili and Burgess Shale[5]
Cardiodictyidae Hou & Bergstrom, 1995 - many segments (~23); large sclerites cover head; hexagonal sclerite on each body segment.
- Cardiodictyon Hou et al. 1991 - Known from the Chengjiang[5]
Order Paronychophora
Paronychophora Hou & Bergstrom, 1995 - short, downwards facing head; papillae on body and legs, some arranged in rows; shield-like sclerites on head; dorsal armature of spines;[6] claw-like jaws; annulated legs [ Note - diagnosis modified in [2] ]
Onychodictyidae Hou & Bergstrom, 1995
- Onychodictyon Hou et al. 1991
Order unassigned
Orstenotubulus Maas et al. 2007 from the Furongian Orsten deposits - with retractable dorsal spines[7]
Carbotubulus Haug et al. 2012 [8] - from the Mazon creek. Dorwal armature uncertain. Few segments, long limbs.
Mureropodia,[9] from the Stage 2 Murero lagerstatten, Spain

Class Siberion

- Family Xenusiidae
  - Genus Siberion

Class Hadranax

Order Protonychophora
- Family Xenusiidae
  - Genus Hadranax
Order Archonychophora Hou & Bergstrom, 1995[1] - Undifferentiated appendages; each segment the same as each other. See [2]
- Luolishaniidae Hou & Bergstrom, 1995 - three small rounded sclerites per segment - these are thorn-shaped spines.[2]
  - Luolishania Hou & Chen 1989
  - Miraluolishania Liu & Shu 2004
- Paucipodiidae Hou et al., 2004[3] - with no dorsal sclerites, two claws, fine annulation and few segments.
  - Paucipodia Hou et al. 2004
Order Protonychophora Hutchinson, 1930 - Spiny legs, reduced tail
Order Scleronychophora Hou & Bergstrom, 1995 - paired sclerites; elongated head sclerites
- Eoconchariidae Hou & Shu, 1987 - ~10 leg-bearing segments, small head, sieve-like sclerites, varying in shape along body; curved claws on annulated legs; terminal mouth and anus.
  - Microdictyon Bengtson et al.
  - Quadratapora Hao and Shu, 1987
  - Fusuconcharium Hao and Shu, 1987
- Hallucigeniidae Conway Morris, 1977 - ~10 leg-bearing segments; large sclerites covering head; sclerites on each segment are long spines.
  - Hallucigenia Conway Morris 1977 - From the Chengjiang, Kaili and Burgess Shale[5]
- Cardiodictyidae Hou & Bergstrom, 1995 - many segments (~23); large sclerites cover head; hexagonal sclerite on each body segment.
  - Cardiodictyon Hou et al. 1991 - Known from the Chengjiang[5]
Order Paronychophora Hou & Bergstrom, 1995 - short, downwards facing head; papillae on body and legs, some arranged in rows; shield-like sclerites on head; dorsal armature of spines;[6] claw-like jaws; annulated legs [ Note - diagnosis modified in [2] ]
- Onychodictyidae Hou & Bergstrom, 1995
  - Onychodictyon Hou et al. 1991
Order unassigned
Orstenotubulus Maas et al. 2007 from the Furongian Orsten deposits - with retractable dorsal spines[7]
Carbotubulus Haug et al. 2012 [8] - from the Mazon creek. Dorwal armature uncertain. Few segments, long limbs.
Mureropodia,[9] from the Stage 2 Murero lagerstatten, Spain

Phylum Onychophora

Order Euonychophora
- Family Peripatidae
- Family Peripatopsidae
Order Ontonychophora †
- Family Helenodoridae †
- Family Tertiapatoidea †

Tactopoda (unranked)

Phylum Tardigrada

Hypsibius dujardini

Echiniscus

Class Eutardigrada

Order Apochela
- Family Milnesiidae
Order Parachaela
- Family Beornidae
- Family Calohypsibiidae
- Family Eohypsibiidae
- Family Hypsibiidae
- Family Macrobiotidae
- Family Microhypsibiidae
- Family Necopinatidae

Class Heterotardigrada

Order Arthrotardigrada
- Family Archechiniscidae
- Family Batillipedidae
- Family Coronarctidae
- Family Halechiniscidae
- Family Renaudarctidae
- Family Stygarctidae
Order Echiniscoidea
- Family Echiniscidae
- Family Echiniscoididae
- Family Oreellidae

Class Mesotardigrada

Order Thermozodia
- Family Thermozodiidae
  - Genus Thermozodium

Phylum Arthropoda

Spiralia (unranked)

Gnathifera (unranked)

Phylum Gnathostomulida

No classes

Order Bursovaginoidea
Order Filospermoidea

Phylum Micrognathozoa

Some dispute here with Micrognathozoa as the class and Limnognathia as the order

Phylum Cycliophora

This phylum was discovered in 1995.

Class Symbiida

Order Symbiidae
- Genus Symbion

Syndermata (unranked)

Phylum Rotifera

SEM] pictures of some Bdelloidea species of the genus Rotaria with head (red), tail (white) and trunk (blue) areas highlighted

Class Bdelloidea

Order Bdelloida

Class Monogononta

Order Collothecida
Order Flosculariida
Order Ploimida

Class Seisonidea

Order Seisonida

Phylum Acanthocephala

Scanning electron microscopy of proboscis of an archiacanthocephalan [10]

Class Archiacanthocephala

Class Eoacanthocephala

Order Gyracanthocephala
Order Neoechinorhynchida

Class Palaeacanthocephala

Order Echinorhynchida
Order Polymorphida

Platytrochozoa (unranked)

Mesozoa (unranked)

Phylum Monoblastozoa

Class incertae sedis (1 species: Salinella salve)

Phylum Orthonectida

Class incertae sedis (2 families)

Rouphozoa (unranked)

Phylum Platyhelminthes

Taenia saginata

Class Rhabditophora

Subclass Macrostomorpha
- Order Dolichomicrostomida
Subclass Trepaxonemata
- Infraclass Neoophora
  - Parvclass Eulecithophora
    - Superorder Adiaphanida
      - Order Fecampiida
      - Order Prolecithophora
      - Order Tricladida
    - Order Rhabdocoela
  - Order Bothrioplanida
  - Order Lecithoepitheliata
  - Order Proseriata
- Order Gnosonosemida
- Order Polycladida
- Order Prorhynchida

Subphylum Neodermata Class Cestoda

Subclass Eucestoda
- Order Bothriocephalidea
- Order Caryophyllidea
- Order Cathetocephalidea
- Order Cyclophyllidea
- Order Diphyllidea
- Order Diphyllobothriidea
- Order Haplobothriidea
- Order Lecanicephalidea
- Order Litobothriidea
- Order Nippotaeniidea
- Order Onchoproteocephalidea
- Order Phyllobothriidea
- Order Proteocephalidea
- Order Pseudophyllidea
- Order Rhinebothriidea
- Order Spathebothriidea
- Order Tetrabothriidea
- Order Tetraphyllidea
- Order Trypanorhyncha

Class Monogenea

Subclass Monopisthocotylea
- Order Capsalidea
- Order Dactylogyridea
- Order Gyrodactylidea
- Order Monocotylidea
- Order Montchadskyellidea
Subclass Polyopisthocotylea
- Order Chimaericolidea
- Order Diclybothriidea
- Order Mazocraeidea
- Order Polystomatidea

Class Trematoda

Botulus microporus

Subclass Aspidogastrea
- Order Aspidogastrida
- Order Stichocotylida
Subclass Digenea

Helicometra

- Order Diplostomida
- Order Plagiorchiida

Phylum Gastrotricha

No classes

Order Chaetonotida
Order Macrodasyida

Superphylum Lophotrochozoa

Phylum Mollusca

Phylum Annelida

Kryptotrochozoa (unranked)

Phylum Nemertea

Class Anopla
- Order Heteronemertea
- Order Palaeonemertea
Class Enopla
- Order Bdellonemertea
- Order Hoplonemertea

Lophophorata (unranked)

Brachiozoa (unranked)
- Phylum Hyolitha †
- Phylum Phoronida
  - Class Phoronid
- Phylum Brachiopoda
  - Class Lingulata
    - Order Lingulida
    - Order Discinida
  - Class Craniata/Craniforma
    - Order Craniida
  - Class Rhynchonellata
    - Order Terebratulida
    - Order Rhynchonellida
Bryozoa (unranked)
- Phylum Ectoprocta
  - Class Gymnolaemata
    - subclass Cheilostomata
    - subclass Ctenostomata
  - Class Phylactolaemata
    - subclass Plumatellida
  - Class Stenolaemata
    - subclass Cryptostomida †
    - subclass Cyclostomatida
    - subclass Cystoporida †
    - subclass Fenestrida †
    - subclass Hederellida †
    - subclass Trepostomatida †
- Phylum Entoprocta

No classes, no orders, families Barentsiidae, Loxokalypodidae, Loxosomatidae, Pedicellinidae

References

Hou, X.; Bergström, J. A. N. (1995). "Cambrian lobopodians-ancestors of extant onychophorans?". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 114: 3–19. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1995.tb00110.x.
Ma, X.; Hou, X.; Bergström, J. (2009). "Morphology of Luolishania longicruris (Lower Cambrian, Chengjiang Lagerstätte, SW China) and the phylogenetic relationships within lobopodians". Arthropod Structure & Development. 38 (4): 271–291. doi:10.1016/j.asd.2009.03.001.
Xian-Guang Hou, Xiao-Ya Ma, Jie Zhao & Jan Bergström; Ma; Zhao; Bergström (2004). "The lobopodian Paucipodia inermis from the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang fauna, Yunnan, China". Lethaia. 37 (3): 235–244. doi:10.1080/00241160410006555.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Jianni Liu; Degan Shu; Jian Han; Zhifei Zhang & Xingliang Zhang (2006). "A large xenusiid lobopod with complex appendages from the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte" (PDF). Acta Palaeontol. Pol. 51 (2): 215–222. Retrieved 9 February 2011.
Whittle, R. J.; Gabbott, S. E.; Aldridge, R. J.; Theron, J. (2009). "An Ordovician Lobopodian from the Soom Shale Lagerstätte, South Africa". Palaeontology. 52 (3): 561–567. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2009.00860.x.
Liu, J.; Shu, D.; Han, J.; Zhang, Z.; Zhang, X. (2008). "The LobopodOnychodictyonfrom the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte Revisited". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 53 (2): 285–292. doi:10.4202/app.2008.0209.
Maas, A.; Mayer, G.; Kristensen, R. M.; Waloszek, D. (2007). "A Cambrian micro-lobopodian and the evolution of arthropod locomotion and reproduction". Chinese Science Bulletin. 52 (24): 3385–3392. doi:10.1007/s11434-007-0515-3.
Haug, J. T.; Mayer, G.; Haug, C.; Briggs, D. E. G. (2012). "A Carboniferous Non-Onychophoran Lobopodian Reveals Long-Term Survival of a Cambrian Morphotype". Current Biology. 22: 1673–1675. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2012.06.066. PMID 22885062.
Gámez Vintaned, J. A.; Liñán, E.; Zhuravlev, A. (2011). "A New Early Cambrian Lobopod-Bearing Animal (Murero, Spain) and the Problem of the Ecdysozoan Early Diversification". Evolutionary Biology – Concepts, Biodiversity, Macroevolution and Genome Evolution. p. 193. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-20763-1_12. ISBN 978-3-642-20762-4.
Amin, O. A; Heckmann, R. A; Ha, N. V. (2014). "Acanthocephalans from fishes and amphibians in Vietnam, with descriptions of five new species. '". Parasite. 21: 53. doi:10.1051/parasite/2014052. PMC 4204126. PMID 25331738.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[Hou1995-1] Hou, X.; Bergström, J. A. N. (1995). "Cambrian lobopodians-ancestors of extant onychophorans?". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 114: 3–19. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1995.tb00110.x.

[Ma2009-2] Ma, X.; Hou, X.; Bergström, J. (2009). "Morphology of Luolishania longicruris (Lower Cambrian, Chengjiang Lagerstätte, SW China) and the phylogenetic relationships within lobopodians". Arthropod Structure & Development. 38 (4): 271–291. doi:10.1016/j.asd.2009.03.001.

[Xian-Guang_Hou,_Xiao-Ya_Ma,_Jie_Zhao_&_Jan_Bergström_2004_235–244-3] Xian-Guang Hou, Xiao-Ya Ma, Jie Zhao & Jan Bergström; Ma; Zhao; Bergström (2004). "The lobopodian Paucipodia inermis from the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang fauna, Yunnan, China". Lethaia. 37 (3): 235–244. doi:10.1080/00241160410006555.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[Liu2006-4] Jianni Liu; Degan Shu; Jian Han; Zhifei Zhang & Xingliang Zhang (2006). "A large xenusiid lobopod with complex appendages from the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte" (PDF). Acta Palaeontol. Pol. 51 (2): 215–222. Retrieved 9 February 2011.

[Whittle2009-5] Whittle, R. J.; Gabbott, S. E.; Aldridge, R. J.; Theron, J. (2009). "An Ordovician Lobopodian from the Soom Shale Lagerstätte, South Africa". Palaeontology. 52 (3): 561–567. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2009.00860.x.

[Liu2008-6] Liu, J.; Shu, D.; Han, J.; Zhang, Z.; Zhang, X. (2008). "The LobopodOnychodictyonfrom the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte Revisited". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 53 (2): 285–292. doi:10.4202/app.2008.0209.

[Maas2007-7] Maas, A.; Mayer, G.; Kristensen, R. M.; Waloszek, D. (2007). "A Cambrian micro-lobopodian and the evolution of arthropod locomotion and reproduction". Chinese Science Bulletin. 52 (24): 3385–3392. doi:10.1007/s11434-007-0515-3.

[Haug2012-8] Haug, J. T.; Mayer, G.; Haug, C.; Briggs, D. E. G. (2012). "A Carboniferous Non-Onychophoran Lobopodian Reveals Long-Term Survival of a Cambrian Morphotype". Current Biology. 22: 1673–1675. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2012.06.066. PMID 22885062.

[Gámez_Vintaned2011-9] Gámez Vintaned, J. A.; Liñán, E.; Zhuravlev, A. (2011). "A New Early Cambrian Lobopod-Bearing Animal (Murero, Spain) and the Problem of the Ecdysozoan Early Diversification". Evolutionary Biology – Concepts, Biodiversity, Macroevolution and Genome Evolution. p. 193. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-20763-1_12. ISBN 978-3-642-20762-4.

[10] Amin, O. A; Heckmann, R. A; Ha, N. V. (2014). "Acanthocephalans from fishes and amphibians in Vietnam, with descriptions of five new species. '". Parasite. 21: 53. doi:10.1051/parasite/2014052. PMC 4204126. PMID 25331738.