List of United States federal executive orders

Executive orders issued by Presidents of the United States to help officers and agencies of the executive branch manage operations within the community.

At the federal level of government in the United States, laws are made almost exclusively by legislation. Such legislation originates as an Act of Congress passed by the United States Congress; such acts were either signed into law by the President or passed by Congress after a presidential veto.

However, legislation is not the only source of regulations. There is also judge-made common law and constitutional law. The President can issue executive orders pursuant to a grant of discretion from Congress, or under the inherent powers that office holds to deal with certain matters which have the force of law.

Many early executive orders were not recorded. The State Department began numbering executive orders in the early 20th century, starting retroactively from President Abraham Lincoln's Executive Order Establishing a Provisional Court in Louisiana issued in 1862.

Consolidated list by President

# President Party Total Executive Orders Order Number Range Years in Office Executive Orders Per Year Period
1George Washington Unaffiliated 8 unnumbered 7.95 1.0 April 30, 1789 – March 4, 1797
2John Adams Federalist 1 unnumbered 4 0.3 March 4, 1797 – March 4, 1801
3Thomas Jefferson Democratic-Republican 4 unnumbered 8 0.5 March 4, 1801 – March 4, 1809
4James Madison Democratic-Republican 1 unnumbered 8 0.1 March 4, 1809 – March 4, 1817
5James Monroe Democratic-Republican 1 unnumbered 8 0.1 March 4, 1817 – March 4, 1825
6John Quincy Adams Democratic-Republican 3 unnumbered 4 0.8 March 4, 1825 – March 4, 1829
7Andrew Jackson Democrat 12 unnumbered 8 1.5 March 4, 1829 – March 4, 1837
8Martin Van Buren Democrat 10 unnumbered 4 2.5 March 4, 1837 – March 4, 1841
9William Henry Harrison Whig 0 unnumbered 0.08 0.0 March 4, 1841 – April 4, 1841
10John Tyler Whig 17 unnumbered 3.92 4.3 April 4, 1841 – March 4, 1845
11James K. Polk Democrat 18 unnumbered 4 4.5 March 4, 1845 – March 4, 1849
12Zachary Taylor Whig 5 unnumbered 1.34 3.7 March 4, 1849 – July 9, 1850
13Millard Fillmore Whig 12 unnumbered 2.66 4.5 July 9, 1850 – March 4, 1853
14Franklin Pierce Democrat 35 unnumbered 4 8.8 March 4, 1853 – March 4, 1857
15James Buchanan Democrat 16 unnumbered 4 4.0 March 4, 1857 – March 4, 1861
16Abraham Lincoln Republican 48 unnumbered 4.11 11.7 March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865
17Andrew Johnson Democrat 79 unnumbered 3.89 20.3 April 15, 1865 – March 4, 1869
18Ulysses S. Grant Republican 217 unnumbered 8 27.1 March 4, 1869 – March 4, 1877
19Rutherford B. Hayes Republican 92 unnumbered 4 23.0 March 4, 1877 – March 4, 1881
20James A. Garfield Republican 6 unnumbered 0.54 11.1 March 4, 1881 – September 19, 1881
21Chester A. Arthur Republican 96 unnumbered 3.46 27.7 September 19, 1881 – March 4, 1885
22Grover Cleveland - I Democrat 113 unnumbered 4 28.3 March 4, 1885 – March 4, 1889
23Benjamin Harrison Republican 143 unnumbered 4 35.8 March 4, 1889 – March 4, 1893
24Grover Cleveland - II Democrat 140 unnumbered 4 35.0 March 4, 1893 – March 4, 1897
25William McKinley Republican 185 unnumbered 4.53 40.9 March 4, 1897 – September 14, 1901
26Theodore Roosevelt Republican 1081 7.47 144.7 September 14, 1901 – March 4, 1909
27William Howard Taft Republican 724 4 181.0 March 4, 1909 – March 4, 1913
28Woodrow Wilson Democrat 1803 8 225.4 March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1921
29Warren G. Harding Republican 522 2.41 216.9 March 4, 1921 – August 2, 1923
30Calvin Coolidge Republican 1203 5.59 215.2 August 2, 1923 – March 4, 1929
31Herbert Hoover Republican 968 5075–6070 4 242.0 March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1933
32Franklin D. Roosevelt Democrat 3728 6071–9537 12.11 307.8 March 4, 1933 – April 12, 1945
33Harry S. Truman Democrat 907 9538–10431 7.77 116.7 April 12, 1945 – January 20, 1953
34Dwight D. Eisenhower Republican 484 10432–10913 8 60.5 January 20, 1953 – January 20, 1961
35John F. Kennedy Democrat 214 10914–11127 2.84 75.4 January 20, 1961 – November 22, 1963
36Lyndon B. Johnson Democrat 325 11128–11451 5.16 62.9 November 22, 1963 – January 20, 1969
37Richard Nixon Republican 346 11452–11797 5.56 62.3 January 20, 1969 – August 9, 1974
38Gerald Ford Republican 169 11798–11966 2.45 69.1 August 9, 1974 – January 20, 1977
39Jimmy Carter Democrat 320 11967–12286 4 80.0 January 20, 1977 – January 20, 1981
40Ronald Reagan Republican 381 12287–12667 8 47.6 January 20, 1981 – January 20, 1989
41George H. W. Bush Republican 166 12668–12833 4 41.5 January 20, 1989 – January 20, 1993
42Bill Clinton Democrat 364 12834–13197 8 45.5 January 20, 1993 – January 20, 2001
43George W. Bush Republican 291 13198–13488 8 36.4 January 20, 2001 – January 20, 2009
44Barack Obama Democrat 276 13489–13764 8 34.6 January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017
45Donald Trump Republican 169[1] 13765 and above 3.44 48 January 20, 2017 – present

[2][3][4][5][6][7]

1800s

1900–1929

Works written by or about Theodore Roosevelt's Executive Orders at Wikisource

  • 1901–1909: Executive Orders by President Theodore Roosevelt: Complete List of Executive Orders by President Theodore Roosevelt[9]
  • 1914: Executive Order 1888: Providing conditions of employment for the Permanent Force for the Panama Canal[10]
  • 1918: Executive Order 2859: National Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences[11]
  • 1927: Executive Order 4601: Authorization of the Distinguished Flying Cross[12]

Herbert Hoover (1929–1933)

EOs 5075–6070 [13]

Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933–1945)

Administration of Franklin D. Roosevelt Executive Orders Disposition Tables[14]

Year First Last Total
1933 6071 6545 573
1934 6546 6935 474
1935 6936 7261 394
1936 7262 7531 274
1937 7532 7784 253
1938 7784-A 8030 247
1939 8031 8316 287
1940 8317 8624 309
1941 8625 9005 383
1942 9066 9292 289
1943 9293 9412 122
1944 9413 9508 100
1945 9509 9537 29
Total 6071 9537 3,734

Harry S. Truman (1945–1953)

Administration of Harry S Truman Executive Orders Disposition Tables[15]

Year First Last Total
1945 9538 9672 139
1946 9673 9817 148
1947 9818 9918 100
1948 9919 10025 117
1949 10026 10094 69
1950 10095 10199 95
1951 10200 10317 118
1952 10318 10420 104
1953 10421 10431 11
Total 9538 10431 907

Dwight D. Eisenhower (1953–1961)

Administration of Dwight D. Eisenhower Executive Orders Disposition Tables[16]

EOs 10432–10913

  • 1953: Executive Order 10450: Charged the heads of federal agencies and the Office of Personnel Management, supported by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), with investigating federal employees to determine whether they posed security risks.
  • 1954: Executive Order 10555: Establishing a Seal for the President's Committee on Employment of the Physically Handicapped
  • 1959: Executive Order 10834: Defined the design of the flag of the United States[17]
    U.S. flag design as defined by Executive Order 10834.
Year First Last Total
1953 10432 10511 80
1954 10512 10584 75
1955 10585 10649 66
1956 10650 10693 44
1957 10694 10747 55
1958 10748 10797 50
1959 10798 10857 60
1960 10858 10899 42
1961 10900 10913 14
Total 10432 10913 484

John F. Kennedy (1961–1963)

Administration of John F. Kennedy Executive Orders Disposition Tables[18]

  • 1961: Executive Order 10924: Established the Peace Corps.
  • 1961: Executive Order 10925: Required government contractors to "take affirmative action" to ensure non-discriminatory employment practices. Created the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
Year First Last Total
1961 10914 10983 70
1962 10984 11072 89
1963 11073 11127 55
Total 10914 11127 214

Lyndon B. Johnson (1963–1969)

Administration of Lyndon B. Johnson Executive Orders Disposition Tables[19]

EOs 11128–11451

Year First Last Total
1963 11128 11134 7
1964 11135 11190 56
1965 11191 11264 74
1966 11265 11321 57
1967 11322 11386 65
1968 11387 11442 56
1969 11443 11451 9
Total 11128 11451 324

Richard Nixon (1969–1974)

Administration of Richard Nixon Executive Orders Disposition Tables[20]

EOs 11452–11797

  • 1969: Executive Order 11478: Prohibiting discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, national origin, handicap, or age in the competitive service of the federal civilian workforce, which includes civilians employed by the armed forces and by federal contractors and contractors performing under federally assisted construction contracts.[21] Some categories were added by Executive Order 13087 in 1998 and Executive Order 13152 in 2000.

Gerald R. Ford (1974–1977)

EOs 11798–11966

  • 1975: Executive Order 11850: Renunciation of certain uses in war of chemical herbicides and riot control agents.
  • 1976: Executive Order 11905: Outlawed the use of political assassination.[22]
  • 1976: Executive Order 11921: Allows the Federal Emergency Preparedness Agency to develop plans to establish control over the mechanisms of production, distribution, energy sources, wages, salaries, credit, and the flow of money.

Jimmy Carter (1977–1981)

Administration of Jimmy Carter Executive Orders Disposition Tables[23]

EOs 11967–12286

Ronald Reagan (1981–1989)

Administration of Ronald Reagan Executive Orders Disposition Tables[24]

George H. W. Bush (1989–1993)

Administration of George Bush Executive Orders Disposition Tables[25]

Year First Last Total
1989 12668 12698 31
1990 12699 12741 43
1991 12742 12787 46
1992 12788 12827 40
1993 12828 12833 6
Total 12668 12833 166

Bill Clinton (1993–2001)

Administration of William J. Clinton Executive Orders Disposition Tables[26]

Year First Last Total
1993 12834 12890 57
1994 12891 12944 54
1995 12945 12984 40
1996 12985 13033 49
1997 13034 13071 38
1998 13072 13109 38
1999 13110 13144 35
2000 13145 13185 41
2001 13186 13197 12
Total 12834 13197 364

George W. Bush (2001–2009)

Administration of George W. Bush Executive Orders Disposition Tables[27]

Year First Last Total
2001 13198 13251 54
2002 13252 13282 31
2003 13283 13323 41
2004 13324 13368 45
2005 13369 13394 26
2006 13395 13421 27
2007 13422 13453 32
2008 13454 13483 30
2009 13484 13488 5
Total 13198 13488 291

    Barack Obama (2009–2017)

    Administration of Barack Obama Executive Orders Disposition Tables[28]

    Year First Last Total
    2009 13489 13527 39
    2010 13528 13562 35
    2011 13563 13596 34
    2012 13597 13634 38
    2013 13635 13655 21
    2014 13656 13686 31
    2015 13687 13715 28
    2016 13716 13756 41
    2017 13757 13764 8
    Total 13489 13764 276
    Grand total per 2017-01-20.

    Donald Trump (2017–present)

    Year First Last Total
    2017 13765 13819 55
    2018 13820 13856 37
    2019 13857 13901 45
    2020 13902 13930 28
    Total 13765 13930 165

    See also

    References

    1. "Executive Orders". whitehouse.gov. Retrieved June 28, 2020.
    2. "Executive Orders Disposition Tables Index". Archives.gov. Retrieved 2013-12-10.
    3. "Executive Orders". Presidency.ucsb.edu. 2013-07-20. Retrieved 2013-12-10.
    4. "Executive Orders". Office of the Federal Register. Retrieved 2015-09-13.
    5. "Chart of Presidents of the United States". www.jjmccullough.com. Retrieved 2016-06-15.
    6. "Barack Obama Executive Orders Disposition Tables". National Archives. 2016-08-26. Retrieved 2016-11-29.
    7. Korte, Gregory (January 23, 2017). "Trump wields his presidential pen, signing memos on trade, hiring, abortion". USA Today. Retrieved January 23, 2017.
    8. "Lincoln issues Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction". This Day in History. A+E Networks. Retrieved April 12, 2017.
    9. "Complete Executive Orders by President Theodore Roosevelt".
    10. "Permanent Force for the Panama Canal".
    11. "National Academy of Sciences".
    12. "Distinguished Flying Cross Authorization".
    13. "Executive Orders Disposition Tables Index". National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). 2008-01-22.
    14. "Administration of Franklin D. Roosevelt Executive Orders Disposition Tables".
    15. "Administration of Harry S Truman Executive Orders Disposition Tables".
    16. "Administration of Dwight D. Eisenhower Executive Orders Disposition Tables".
    17. "Executive Order 10834--The flag of the United States".
    18. "Administration of John F. Kennedy Executive Orders Disposition Tables".
    19. "Administration of Lyndon B. Johnson Executive Orders Disposition Tables".
    20. "Administration of Richard Nixon Executive Orders Disposition Tables".
    21. "Executive Order 11478". Finduslaw.com. Retrieved 2013-12-10.
    22. U.S. policy on assassinations. CNN.com 4 November 2002. Accessed 15 July 2009.
    23. "Administration of Jimmy Carter Executive Orders Disposition Tables".
    24. "Administration of Ronald Reagan Executive Orders Disposition Tables".
    25. "Administration of George Bush Executive Orders Disposition Tables".
    26. "Administration of William J. Clinton Executive Orders Disposition Tables".
    27. "Administration of George W. Bush Executive Orders Disposition Tables".
    28. "Administration of Barack Obama Executive Orders Disposition Tables".

    National Archives and Records Administration:

    • A list of Obama administration executive orders can be found at:
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