List of British monarchs

There have been 12 British monarchs since the political union of the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland on 1 May 1707. England and Scotland had been in personal union since 24 March 1603. On 1 January 1801, the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland merged, which resulted in the creation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. After 26 of Ireland's 32 counties left the union on 6 December 1922, in order to form the Irish Free State, the name of the nation was amended to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland on 12 April 1927.

"British monarchs" redirects here. For ancient British monarchs, see King of the Britons. For legendary ones, see List of legendary kings of Britain. For those before 1707, see List of English monarchs and List of Scottish monarchs. For the current monarchy in general, see Monarchy of the United Kingdom.
Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom
There are two versions of the Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom. The common version is on the left, while the Scottish version is on the right. In the shield of the common version, England is represented in the first and fourth quarters, Scotland is represented in the second quarter, and Northern Ireland is represented in the third quarter. In the shield of the Scottish version, the Royal Arms of England and the Royal Arms of Scotland are exchanged.[1]

List

Anne had ruled the Kingdom of England, the Kingdom of Scotland, and the Kingdom of Ireland since 8 March 1702. She became monarch of the Kingdom of Great Britain after the political union of England and Scotland on 1 May 1707. Her total reign lasted for 12 years and 146 days. For a family tree that shows George I's relationship to Anne, see George I of Great Britain § Family tree.

NamePortraitArmsBirthMarriagesDeathHouseRef.
Anne
Anne Stuart
1 May 1707[lower-alpha 1]
–
1 August 1714
(7 years, 92 days)		 6 February 1665
St James's Palace
Daughter of James II and VII
and Anne Hyde		 Prince George of Denmark
St James's Palace
28 July 1683
No surviving children		 1 August 1714
Kensington Palace
Age: 49 years, 176 days		 Stuart [2]
George I
George Louis
1 August 1714[lower-alpha 2]
–
11 June 1727
(12 years, 315 days)		 28 May 1660
Leineschloss
Son of Ernest Augustus of Brunswick-Lüneburg
and Sophia of Hanover		 Sophia Dorothea of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Celle
21 November 1682
2 children		 11 June 1727
Osnabrück
Age: 67 years, 14 days		 Hanover [3]
George II
George Augustus
11 June 1727[lower-alpha 3][lower-roman 1]
–
25 October 1760
(33 years, 126 days)		 30 October 1683
Herrenhausen
Son of George I
and Sophia Dorothea of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Celle		 Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach
22 August 1705
Herrenhausen
8 children		 25 October 1760
Kensington Palace
Age: 76 years, 350 days		 [4]
George III
George William Frederick
25 October 1760[lower-alpha 4]
–
29 January 1820
(59 years, 97 days)		 4 June 1738
Norfolk House
Son of Prince Frederick
and Augusta of Saxe-Gotha		 Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
St James's Palace
8 September 1761
15 children		 29 January 1820
Windsor Castle
Age: 81 years, 228 days		 [5]
George IV
George Augustus Frederick
29 January 1820[lower-alpha 5]
–
26 June 1830
(10 years, 149 days)		 12 August 1762
St James's Palace
Son of George III
and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz		 (1) Maria Fitzherbert
Park Lane
15 September 1785
No verified children
(2) Caroline of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
St James's Palace
8 April 1795
1 daughter		 26 June 1830
Windsor Castle
Age: 67 years, 318 days		 [6]
William IV
William Henry
26 June 1830[lower-alpha 6]
–
20 June 1837
(6 years, 360 days)		 21 August 1765
Buckingham Palace
Son of George III
and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz		 Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen
Kew Palace
13 July 1818
2 daughters		 20 June 1837
Windsor Castle
Age: 71 years, 303 days		 [7]
Victoria
Alexandrina Victoria
20 June 1837[lower-alpha 7]
–
22 January 1901
(63 years, 217 days)		 24 May 1819
Kensington Palace
Daughter of the Duke of Kent and Strathearn
and Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld		 Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
St James's Palace
10 February 1840
9 children		 22 January 1901
Osborne House
Age: 81 years, 243 days		 [8]
Edward VII
Albert Edward
22 January 1901[lower-alpha 8]
–
6 May 1910
(9 years, 105 days)		 9 November 1841
Buckingham Palace
Son of Victoria
and Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha		 Alexandra of Denmark
St George's Chapel
10 March 1863
6 children		 6 May 1910
Buckingham Palace
Age: 68 years, 178 days		 Saxe-Coburg and Gotha [9]
George V
George Frederick Ernest Albert
6 May 1910[lower-alpha 9]
–
20 January 1936
(25 years, 260 days)		 3 June 1865
Marlborough House
Son of Edward VII
and Alexandra of Denmark		 Mary of Teck
St James's Palace
6 July 1893
6 children		 20 January 1936
Sandringham House
Age: 70 years, 231 days		 Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1865–1917) and Windsor (1917–1936)[lower-roman 2] [11]
Edward VIII
Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David
20 January 1936[lower-alpha 10]
–
Abdicated 11 December 1936
(327 days)		 23 June 1894
White Lodge
Son of George V
and Mary of Teck		 Wallis Simpson
Château de Candé
3 June 1937
No children		 28 May 1972
Neuilly-sur-Seine
Age: 77 years, 340 days		 Windsor [12]
George VI
Albert Frederick Arthur George
11 December 1936[lower-alpha 11]
–
6 February 1952
(15 years, 58 days)		 14 December 1895
Sandringham House
Son of George V
and Mary of Teck		 Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon
Westminster Abbey
26 April 1923
2 daughters		 6 February 1952
Sandringham House
Age: 56 years, 54 days		 [13]
Elizabeth II
Elizabeth Alexandra Mary
6 February 1952[lower-alpha 12]
–
Present
(68 years, 141 days)		 21 April 1926
Mayfair
Daughter of George VI
and Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon		 Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark
Westminster Abbey
20 November 1947
4 children		 Living
Age: 94 years, 66 days[lower-roman 3]		 [14]

Timeline
Elizabeth IIGeorge VIEdward VIIIGeorge VEdward VIIQueen VictoriaWilliam IV of the United KingdomGeorge IV of the United KingdomGeorge III of the United KingdomGeorge II of Great BritainGeorge I of Great BritainAnne, Queen of Great BritainHouse of WindsorHouse of Saxe-Coburg and GothaHouse of HanoverHouse of Stuart

See also

Notes
  1. Dates of start of reign and coronation given in Old Style calendar; date of death in New Style. (Duration of reign takes this into account.)
  2. King George V changed the name of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha to the House of Windsor on 17 July 1917.[10] This change was made in response to anti-German sentiment in the British Empire during World War I.
  3. Updated daily according to UTC

Coronations

  1. Queen Anne was crowned on 23 April 1702 when she was monarch of the Kingdom of England, the Kingdom of Scotland, and the Kingdom of Ireland.
  2. King George I was crowned on 20 October 1714.
  3. King George II was crowned on 11 October 1727 with Queen Caroline.
  4. King George III was crowned on 22 September 1761 with Queen Charlotte.
  5. King George IV was crowned on 19 July 1821.
  6. King William IV was crowned on 8 September 1831 with Queen Adelaide.
  7. Queen Victoria was crowned on 28 June 1838.
  8. King Edward VII was crowned on 9 August 1902 with Queen Alexandra.
  9. King George V was crowned on 22 May 1911 with Queen Mary.
  10. King Edward VIII was not crowned.
  11. King George VI was crowned on 12 May 1937 with Queen Elizabeth.
  12. Queen Elizabeth II was crowned on 2 June 1953.

References
  1. "Coats of arms". royal.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 4 March 2009. Retrieved 9 May 2011.
  2. "Anne (r. 1702–1714)". royal.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 25 January 2018. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
  3. "George I (r. 1714–1727)". royal.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 7 May 2016. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  4. "George II (r. 1727–1760)". royal.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 7 May 2016. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  5. "George III (r. 1760–1820)". royal.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 20 May 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  6. "King George IV (r. 1820–1830)". royal.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 19 August 2017. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  7. "William IV (r. 1830–1837)". royal.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 21 September 2017. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  8. "Victoria ( r. 1837–1901)". royal.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 25 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  9. "Edward VII (r.1901–1910)". royal.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 25 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  10. "No. 30186". The London Gazette. 17 July 1917. p. 7119.
  11. "George V (r. 1910–1936)". royal.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 25 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  12. "Edward VIII (Jan–Dec 1936)". royal.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 7 May 2016. Retrieved 3 August 2010.
  13. "George VI (r.1936–1952)". royal.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  14. "Her Majesty The Queen". royal.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 23 August 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.

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