LMS Compound 4-4-0

The London, Midland and Scottish Railway Compound 4-4-0 was a class of steam locomotive designed for passenger work.[1]

LMS 4P Compound 4-4-0
LMS 1115 circa 1925–1928
Type and origin
Power typeSteam
BuilderLMS Derby (75)
LMS Horwich (20);
North British Locomotive Company (25)
Vulcan Foundry (75)
Build date1924–1932
Total produced195
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • Whyte4-4-0
 • UIC2′B h3v
Gauge4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Leading dia.3 ft 6 1⁄2 in (1.080 m)
Driver dia.6 ft 9 in (2.057 m)
WheelbaseLoco: 24 ft 3 in (7.391 m)
Length56 ft 7 7⁄8 in (17.269 m)
Loco weight61.70 long tons (62.69 t; 69.10 short tons)
Tender weight41.2–41.7 long tons (41.9–42.4 t; 46.1–46.7 short tons)
Fuel typeCoal
Fuel capacity4.0–5.5 long tons (4.1–5.6 t; 4.5–6.2 short tons)
Water cap3,500 imp gal (15,900 l; 4,200 US gal)
Firebox:
 • Firegrate area		28.5 sq ft (2.65 m2)
BoilerG9AS
Boiler pressure200 lbf/in2 (1.38 MPa)
Heating surface:
 • Tubes and flues		1,170 sq ft (109 m2)
 • Firebox147 sq ft (13.7 m2)
Superheater:
​
 • Heating area290 sq ft (26.9 m2) or
272 sq ft (25.3 m2)
Cylinders
  • One high pressure (inside)
  • Two low pressure (outside)
High-pressure cylinder19 in × 26 in (483 mm × 660 mm)
Low-pressure cylinder21 in × 26 in (533 mm × 660 mm)
Valve gearStephenson
Valve type
Train brakesVacuum
Performance figures
Tractive effort22,650 lbf (100.75 kN)
Career
Operators
Power class4P
Numbers
  • LMS 900–939, 1045–1199
  • BR: 40900-40939, 41045–41199
Withdrawn1952–1961
DispositionAll scrapped

Overview

One hundred and ninety five engines were built by the LMS, adding to the 45 Midland Railway 1000 Class, to which they were almost identical. The most obvious difference is that the driving wheel diameter was reduced from 7 ft 0 in (2.134 m) on the Midland locomotive to 6 ft 9 in (2.057 m) on the LMS version. They were given the power classification 4P.

The LMS continued the Midland numbering from 1045 to 1199 and then started in the lower block of 900–939. After nationalisation in 1948, BR added 40000 to their numbers so they became 40900–40939 and 41045–41199.[2]

Table of orders
LMS No.BR No.Lot No.Date builtBuilt byNotes
1045–108441045–4108461924Derby Works
1085–111441085–41114161925Derby Works
1115–113041115–41130171925Horwich Works
1131–113441131–41134171926Horwich Works
1135–115941135–41159181925North British Loco 23229–53
1160–118441160–41184191925Vulcan Foundry 3833–3857
1185–119941185–41199381927Vulcan Foundry 3998–4012
900–90940900–40909381927Vulcan Foundry 4013–4022
910–92440910–40924381927Vulcan Foundry 4033–4047
925–93440925–40934381927Vulcan Foundry 4023–4032
935–93940935–40939901932Derby Works40936[2]

Accidents and incidents
  • On 8 January 1929, locomotive 1060 was hauling an express passenger train from Bristol to Leeds, Yorkshire when it overran signals at Ashchurch, Gloucestershire and collided with a freight train that was being shunted. Four people were killed.[3][4]
  • On 13 March 1935, locomotive No. 1165 was hauling a milk train that was in a rear-end collision with an express freight train at King's Langley, Hertfordshire due to a signalman's error. Two other freight trains collided with the wreckage, one person was killed.[5]

Withdrawal

The class were withdrawn between 1952 and 1961. None have survived into preservation, though the first of the Midland 1000 Class engines has.[6]

Table of withdrawals
YearQuantity in
service at
start of year		Quantity
withdrawn		Locomotive numbers
1952195640911/18/22, 41109/71/82.
19531891340905, 41046/52/55–57/92/99, 41125/45/48/78/84.
19541762340901/14/19/23, 41047/51/54/58/74/80/82/84/87/96,
41110/15/33–34/38–39/41/46/74.
19551533740903/06/08/12–13/15–16/21/24, 41059/61/67/69–70/72/76/81/91,
41104/07/17/24/26/27/30/35–36/49/54/61/69/75–77/83/88/98.
19561162740900/02/09–10/17/29/32/38–39, 41050/53/65/79/88/97,
41126/28/31–32/37/42/47/60/66/70/87/91.
1957893440904/26–27/30/34, 41045/48/64/73/75/77/85/89/98,
41103/05/08/12/16/40/50–51/53/55/72/79–81/85–86/92/94–95/97.
1958553640920/28/31/33/35/37, 41060/66/68/71/78/83/86/90/93/95,
41102/06/11/13–14/18–19/22/44/52/56/59/63–64/67/89–90/93/96/99.
1959191340925, 41049/62/94, 41100–01/20–21/23/43/58/65/73.
19606440907, 41063, 41157/62.
19612240936, 41168.

References
  1. "4-4-0 Midland Compound express passenger locomotive N0.1000". Srpsmuseum.org.uk. 7 March 2012. Retrieved 12 June 2014.
  2. "Monument Lane Shed - View of ex-LMS 4P 4-4-0 Compound No 40936 coupled to the experimental Stanier 3500 gallon tender". Warwickshirerailways.com. Retrieved 12 June 2014.
  3. Trevena, Arthur (1980). Trains in Trouble. Vol. 1. Redruth: Atlantic Books. p. 36. ISBN 0-906899-01-X.
  4. "Report on the Accident at Ashchurch on 8th January 1929" (PDF). Ministry of Transport. 5 March 1929. Retrieved 10 June 2014.
  5. Hall, Stanley (1990). The Railway Detectives. London: Ian Allan. p. 99. ISBN 0 7110 1929 0.
  6. "Steam Locomotives of a More Leisurely Era 1902 – 4-4-0 Compounds Midland Railway | Chasewaterstuff's Railway & Canal Blog". Chasewaterstuff.wordpress.com. 14 January 2013. Retrieved 12 June 2014.
Sources
  • Ian Allan ABC of British Railways Locomotives, 1948 Edition, part 3, pp 5–6
  • David Hunt, John Jennison and Bob Essery. LMS Locomotive Profiles No. 13: The Standard Compounds ISBN 978-1-905184-811
  • Rowledge, J.W.P. (1975). Engines of the LMS built 1923–51. Oxford: Oxford Publishing Company. ISBN 0-902888-59-5.
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