Justyna Kowalczyk

Justyna Maria Kowalczyk (born 19 January 1983[1]) is a Polish cross-country skier who has been competing since 2000. Kowalczyk is a double Olympic Champion and a double World Champion. She is also the only skier to win the Tour de Ski four times in a row and one of two female skiers, who won the FIS Cross-Country World Cup three times in a row (the other one being Finn Marjo Matikainen). Kowalczyk holds the all-time record for the most wins in Tour de Ski with 14 competitions won and 29 podiums in total. She also won the Vasaloppet women's edition in 2015.[2]

Justyna Kowalczyk
Country Poland
Born (1983-01-19) 19 January 1983
Limanowa, Poland
Height1.73 m (5 ft 8 in)
Ski clubAZS AWF Katowice
World Cup career
Seasons2002–2018
Individual wins50
Team wins0
Indiv. podiums104
Team podiums1
Indiv. starts319
Team starts14
Overall titles4 – (2009, 2010, 2011, 2013)
Discipline titles5 – (4 DI, 1 SP)
Updated on February 4, 2017.

She is a member of cross country ski department of AZS AWF Katowice and is coached by Aleksander Wierietielny.

Career
Justyna Kowalczyk celebrates the gold medal in the women's 30 km classical event at the 2010 Olympics.

Born in Limanowa, Southern Poland, Kowalczyk took up cross country skiing at the age of 10. She then competed in her first FIS World Cup race at Cogne (ITA) in December 2001.[3]

In 2002 she came second in the individual sprint at the World Junior Championships. She finished 31st in the individual sprint event at the 2003 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships. Recently in Canmore, Canada, on 22 January 2008, Justyna Kowalczyk won the race for her second World Cup triumph. She followed in Canmore with two more bronze medals in the same World Cup event. Kowalczyk was 3rd in the 2007 World Cup. She has also won thirty individual events at various distances and levels since 2001.

At the 2009 world championships in Liberec, Kowalczyk won two gold medals, one in the women's pursuit (7.5 km classical + 7.5 km free technique), and another one in the 30 km mass start. She also secured a bronze medal in the 10 km classical event.

She won the overall 2008–09 Cross-Country Skiing World Cup. On 24 March 2009, Kowalczyk was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta.

On 27 February 2010, Kowalczyk beat Norway's Marit Bjørgen by 0.3 seconds to win the gold medal in the women's 30 km classical event in the 2010 Winter Olympics. She posted a time of one hour, 30 minutes, 33.7 seconds. She earned two more medals in Vancouver, taking silver behind Bjørgen in the individual sprint classic on February 17, 2010, and bronze in the 15 km pursuit on February 19, 2010.

Kowalczyk won the 10 km classical race in the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi on a broken foot. She did not finish 30 km freestyle race. [4]

On February 22, 2015 won bronze medal of the World Championship 2015 in team sprint with Sylwia Jaśkowiec in Falun, Sweden.[5]

She won the Vasaloppet ski marathon in 2015 with a time of 4:41:02. She also won the Birkebeinerrennet long-distance cross-country ski marathon held annually in Norway in 2017 and 2018.

Education

Kowalczyk graduated from the Jerzy Kukuczka University of Physical Education in Katowice with an M.A. and a Ph.D. degree in physical education in 2014 at the Bronisław Czech University of Physical Education in Kraków, where her dissertation was titled "The structure and volume of training load cross-country skiing on the background of the evolution of technology gear and different levels of sports".[6][7][8]

The suspension in 2005

At the 2005 World Championships, Kowalczyk competed but was subsequently disqualified for taking dexamethasone at the Under23 (U23) OPA (Alpine Nations) Intercontinental Cup competition in Oberstdorf, Germany back on January 23, 2005. Dexamethason is a substance that is allowed Out-of-Competition but prohibited In-Competition. It acts as an anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant. Kowalczyk used the substance to alleviate an Achilles tendon condition.

On 13 June 2005, the FIS Doping Panel issued a two-year suspension (23 January 2005 – 22 January 2007) for Kowalczyk. In late June 2005 FIS determined that since dexamethasone was a glucocorticosteroid, it was classified as a specified substance on the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) list of prohibited substances, and therefore the period of ineligibility for the first violation is at a maximum, one year's ineligibility. The FIS Doping Panel therefore reduced the suspension to one year.

Kowalczyk appealed to the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) which held that Kowalczyk did not use Dexamethason to enhance her sport performance. However, she acted negligently, but the measure of the negligence did not justify a one-year term of ineligibility. According to CAS, a reduced period of ineligibility ending 8 December 2005 (the day of the hearing) provided the fair and proportionate measure of sanction.

CAS criticised the FIS Doping Panel that their decision excluded any consideration of Kowalczyk's defence that she did not use the substance to enhance her sport performance. According to CAS, Kowalczyk had disclosed and substantiated her defence that Dexamethason was not intended to enhance performance. She had submitted corresponding medical certifications to the FIS Doping Panel as proof of use in alleviating an Achilles tendon condition. Upon Kowalczyk's prima facie showing that her use of the substance was for medical reasons, the burden of proof shifted to FIS to prove the contrary.

Criticism of anti-asthma drugs

Kowalczyk criticized Marit Bjørgen and other competitors during the Olympic Games in 2010 for using anti-asthma drugs. Bjørgen won five medals in the Olympics, three of them gold.[9] The drug is allowed by FIS if prescribed by an Olympic team physician.[9] Kowalczyk later apologized for the timing of her statements, since the Games were still going on at the time.[9] The asthma medication Marit Bjørgen is using, Symbicort, has since been removed from WADA's list of banned substances.[10]

Cross-country skiing results

All results are sourced from the International Ski Federation (FIS).[11]

Olympic Games
  • 5 medals – (2 gold, 1 silver, 2 bronze)
 Year   Age   10 km 
individual		  15 km 
 skiathlon 		  30 km 
mass start		  Sprint   4 × 5 km 
 relay 		  Team 
 sprint 
200623DNF8Bronze44——
2010275BronzeGoldSilverDSQ—
201431Gold6DNF—75
201835—171422107

World Championships
  • 8 medals – (2 gold, 3 silver, 3 bronze)
 Year   Age   10 km   Pursuit  30 km  Sprint   4 × 5 km 
 relay 		  Team 
 sprint 
20032048——31——
200522913412——
200724189DNF17——
200926BronzeGoldGold—6—
201128SilverSilverBronze58—
201330—5Silver69—
201532——1745Bronze
2017348———89
201936————1310

World Cup

Season titles
  • 9 titles – (4 overall, 4 distance, 1 sprint)
Season
Discipline
2008–09Overall
Distance
2009–10Overall
Distance
Sprint
2010–11Overall
Distance
2012–13Overall
Distance

Season standings
 Season   Age  Discipline standings Ski Tour standings
Overall Distance Sprint Nordic
Opening		 Tour de
Ski		 World Cup
Final		 Ski Tour
Canada
200219103—73N/AN/AN/AN/A
20032088NC61N/AN/AN/AN/A
200421464238N/AN/AN/AN/A
200522443044N/AN/AN/AN/A
200623131717N/AN/AN/AN/A
20072481017N/A11N/AN/A
2008258N/A7N/AN/A
2009264N/A4N/A
201027N/AN/A
2011285N/A
201229455N/A
201330DNFN/A
201431127134——N/A
20153213133310DNFN/AN/A
2016331613351123N/A9
20173421142719——N/A
20183554494124——N/A

Individual podiums
  • 50 victories – (31 WC, 19 SWC)
  • 104 podiums – (64 WC, 40 SWC)
No. Season Date Location Race Level Place
1 2005–06 7 January 2006 Otepää, Estonia10 km Individual CWorld Cup3rd
22006–0727 January 2007 Otepää, Estonia10 km Individual CWorld Cup1st
3 2007–08 2 December 2007 Rukatunturi, Finland10 km Individual CWorld Cup3rd
428 December 2007 Nové Město, Czech Republic3.3 km Individual CStage World Cup3rd
54 January 2008 Asiago, Italy1.2 km Sprint FStage World Cup3rd
622 January 2008 Canmore, Canada7.5 km + 7.5 km Pursuit C/FWorld Cup1st
722 January 2008 Canmore, Canada1.2 km Sprint CWorld Cup3rd
823 January 2008 Canmore, Canada10 km Individual FWorld Cup3rd
916 February 2008 Liberec, Czech Republic7.6 km Individual FWorld Cup2nd
1016 March 2008 Bormio, Italy10 km Pursuit FWorld Cup2nd
11 2008–09 29 November 2009 Rukatunturi, Finland1.2 km Sprint CWorld Cup3rd
1227 December 2008 Oberhof, Germany2.8 km Individual FStage World Cup3rd
1328 December 2008 Oberhof, Germany10 km Pursuit CStage World Cup3rd
1416 January 2009 Whistler, Canada1.2 km Sprint CWorld Cup2nd
1517 January 2009 Whistler, Canada7.5 km + 7.5 km Pursuit C/FWorld Cup1st
1624 January 2009 Otepää, Estonia10 km Individual CWorld Cup1st
1714 February 2009 Valdidentro, Italy10 km Individual CWorld Cup1st
188 March 2009 Lahti, Finland10 km Individual FWorld Cup1st
1812 March 2009 Trondheim, Norway1.4 km Sprint CWorld Cup3rd
2014 March 2009 Trondheim, Norway30 km Mass Start CWorld Cup2nd
2120 March 2009 Falun, Sweden2.5 km Individual FStage World Cup3rd
2221 March 2009 Falun, Sweden5 km + 5 km Pursuit C/FStage World Cup3rd
2318–22 March 2009 World Cup FinalOverall StandingsWorld Cup1st
242009–1028 November 2009 Rukatunturi, Finland1.2 km Sprint CWorld Cup1st
2519 December 2009 Rogla, Slovenia1.0 km Sprint CWorld Cup2nd
2620 December 2009 Rogla, Slovenia15 km Mass Start CWorld Cup1st
271 January 2010 Oberhof, Germany2.8 km Individual FStage World Cup3rd
282 January 2010 Oberhof, Germany10 km Pursuit CStage World Cup1st
293 January 2010 Oberhof, Germany1.6 km Sprint CStage World Cup2nd
306 January 2010 Cortina–Toblach, Italy16 km Pursuit FStage World Cup2nd
317 January 2010 Cortina–Toblach, Italy5 km Individual CStage World Cup1st
321–10 January 2010 Tour de SkiOverall StandingsWorld Cup1st
3316 January 2010 Otepää, Estonia10 km Individual CWorld Cup1st
3422 January 2010 Rybinsk, Russia1.0 km Sprint FWorld Cup3rd
3523 January 2010 Rybinsk, Russia7.5 km + 7.5 km Pursuit C/FWorld Cup1st
365 February 2010 Canmore, Canada10 km Individual FWorld Cup2nd
376 February 2010 Canmore, Canada1.45 km Sprint CWorld Cup1st
386 March 2010 Lahti, Finland7.5 km + 7.5 km Pursuit C/FWorld Cup2nd
3917 March 2010 Stockholm, Sweden1.1 km Sprint CStage World Cup2nd
4019 March 2010 Falun, Sweden2.5 km Individual CStage World Cup1st
4117–21 March 2010 World Cup FinalOverall StandingsWorld Cup2nd
42 2010–11 27 November 2010 Rukatunturi, Finland5 km Individual CStage World Cup2nd
4328 November 2010 Rukatunturi, Finland10 km Pursuit FStage World Cup3rd
4426–28 November 2010 Nordic OpeningOverall StandingsWorld Cup2nd
4511 December 2010 Davos, Switzerland10 km Individual CWorld Cup2nd
4618 December 2010 La Clusaz, France15 km Mass Start FWorld Cup2nd
4731 December 2010 Oberhof, Germany2.5 km Individual FStage World Cup1st
481 January 2011 Oberhof, Germany10 km Pursuit CStage World Cup1st
492 January 2011 Oberstdorf, Germany1.2 km Sprint CStage World Cup2nd
506 January 2011 Cortina–Toblach, Italy16 km Pursuit FStage World Cup1st
516 January 2011 Val di Fiemme, Italy10 km Mass StartStage World Cup1st
5231 December 2010
– 9 January 2011		 Tour de SkiOverall StandingsWorld Cup1st
5322 January 2011 Otepää, Estonia10 km Individual CWorld Cup2nd
544 February 2011 Rybinsk, Russia5 km + 5 km Pursuit C/FWorld Cup1st
555 February 2011 Rybinsk, Russia1.3 km Sprint FWorld Cup3rd
5619 February 2011 Drammen, Norway10 km Individual CWorld Cup2nd
5712 March 2011 Lahti, Finland5 km + 5 km Pursuit C/FWorld Cup2nd
5818 March 2011 Falun, Sweden2.5 km Individual CStage World Cup2nd
5919 March 2011 Falun, Sweden5 km + 5 km Pursuit C/FStage World Cup2nd
6016-–20 March 2011 World Cup FinalOverall StandingsWorld Cup2nd
612011–1217 December 2011 Rogla, Slovenia10 km Mass Start CWorld Cup1st
6229 December 2011 Oberhof, Germany2.5 km Individual FStage World Cup1st
6330 December 2011 Oberhof, Germany10 km Pursuit CStage World Cup1st
6431 December 2011 Oberstdorf, Germany1.2 km Sprint CStage World Cup1st
651 January 2012 Oberstdorf, Germany5 km + 5 km Skiathlon C/FStage World Cup2nd
663 January 2012 Toblach, Italy3 km Individual CStage World Cup2nd
674 January 2012 Toblach, Italy1.3 km Sprint FStage World Cup3rd
685 January 2012 Toblach, Italy15 km Pursuit FStage World Cup2nd
697 January 2012 Val di Fiemme, Italy10 km Mass Start CStage World Cup1st
708 January 2012 Val di Fiemme, Italy9 km Pursuit FStage World Cup2nd
7129 December 2011
– 8 January 2012		 Tour de SkiOverall StandingsWorld Cup1st
7221 January 2012 Otepää, Estonia1.2 km Sprint CWorld Cup1st
7322 January 2012 Otepää, Estonia10 km Individual CWorld Cup1st
742 February 2012 Moscow, Russia1.5 km Sprint FWorld Cup1st
755 February 2012 Rybinsk, Russia7.5 km + 7.5 km Skiathlon C/FWorld Cup2nd
7611 February 2012 Nové Město, Czech Republic15 km Mass Start CWorld Cup2nd
7718 February 2012 Szklarska Poręba, Poland10 km Individual CWorld Cup1st
784 March 2012 Lahti, Finland1.4 km Sprint CWorld Cup3rd
797 March 2012 Drammen, Norway1.2 km Sprint CWorld Cup3rd
8011 March 2012 Oslo, Norway30 km Mass StartWorld Cup2nd
8117 March 2012 Falun, Sweden10 km Mass Start CStage World Cup1st
82 2012–13 30 November
– 2 December 2012		 Nordic OpeningOverall StandingsWorld Cup2nd
8313 December 2012 Canmore, Canada10 km Mass Start CWorld Cup1st
8416 December 2012 Canmore, Canada7.5 km + 7.5 km Skiathlon C/FWorld Cup1st
8529 December 2012 Oberhof, Germany3 km Individual FStage World Cup3rd
8630 December 2012 Oberhof, Germany9 km Pursuit CStage World Cup1st
873 January 2013 Cortina–Toblach, Italy15 km Pursuit FStage World Cup1st
884 January 2013 Toblach, Italy3 km Individual CStage World Cup1st
894 January 2013 Val di Fiemme, Italy10 km Mass Start CStage World Cup1st
9029 December 2012
– 6 January 2013		 Tour de SkiOverall StandingsWorld Cup1st
9112 January 2013 Liberec, Czech Republic0.85 km Sprint CWorld Cup2nd
9219 January 2013 La Clusaz, France10 km Mass Start CWorld Cup3rd
9316 February 2013 Davos, Switzerland1.5 km Sprint CWorld Cup1st
9417 February 2013 Davos, Switzerland10 km Individual FWorld Cup2nd
9510 March 2013 Lahti, Finland10 km Individual CWorld Cup1st
9613 March 2013 Drammen, Norway1.3 km Sprint CWorld Cup1st
9717 March 2013 Oslo, Norway30 km Mass Start FWorld Cup2nd
9820 March 2013 Stockholm, Sweden1.1 km Sprint CStage World Cup1st
992013–1429 November 2013 Rukatunturi, Finland1.4 km Sprint CStage World Cup1st
10030 November 2013 Rukatunturi, Finland5 km Individual CStage World Cup1st
1017 December 2013 Lillehammer, Norway10 km Individual CWorld Cup1st
10221 December 2013 Asiago, Italy1.25 km Sprint CWorld Cup1st
10319 January 2014 Szklarska Poręba, Poland10 km Mass Start CWorld Cup1st
1042016–174 February 2017 Pyeongchang, South Korea7.5 km + 7.5 km Skiathlon C/FWorld Cup1st

Team podiums
  • 1 podium – (1 TS)
No. Season Date Location Race Level Place Teammate
1 2014–15 18 January 2015 Otepää, Estonia6 × 1.2 km Team Sprint FWorld Cup3rdJaśkowiec

See also

References
  1. sport.pl Archived 2011-09-30 at the Wayback Machine – interview – she explains that in fact she was born 19 January 1983, but a registrar made a mistake and noted 23 January, which wasn't officially corrected
  2. "Eliassen and Kowalczyk win Vasaloppet". Swix Ski Classics. 8 March 2015. Archived from the original on 2015-03-11. Retrieved 8 March 2015.
  3. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2018-01-17. Retrieved 2018-01-16.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  4. Vancouver2010.com Archived 2010-03-01 at the Wayback Machine – Athlete profile
  5. Falun: brązowy medal dla Kowalczyk i Jaśkowiec! - sport.wp.pl - 22-02-2015
  6. "Justyna Kowalczyk obroniła pracę doktorską". www.awf.krakow.pl. Archived from the original on 2016-08-17. Retrieved 2016-07-18.
  7. "Justyna Kowalczyk obroniła doktorat, mimo wpadki". Archived from the original on 2016-08-26. Retrieved 2016-07-18.
  8. "Doktor Justyna Kowalczyk. Narciarka obroniła pracę z wyróżnieniem". Archived from the original on 2016-09-20. Retrieved 2016-07-18.
  9. "Cross-Country Skiing: Kowalczyk claims ladies 30 km gold". – 27 February 2010 Vancouver2010.com (AFP) article accessed 28 February 2010. Archived March 1, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
  10. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-08-15. Retrieved 2013-02-10.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) The cycling link is used because it is the most concise text about Symbicort's removal. The list of banned substances is, of course, the same for cycling and cross-country skiing
  11. "KOWALCZYK Justyna". FIS-Ski. International Ski Federation. Retrieved 29 December 2019.

https://www.olympic.org/justyna-kowalczyk - retrieved 16.01.2018

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