Jim Gaughran (politician)

Gaughran was elected to the Huntington Town Board in 1983, at the age of 26. He became the youngest member of the Town Board in the history of the town.[1]

During his tenure, Gaughran was the lone Democrat on the Town Board.[1] He authored bills creating municipal solid waste districts and enacting environmental protections.[1]

In 1987, Gaughran was elected to the Suffolk County Legislature from the 17th legislative district.[1]

Gaughran authored a "Charter Amendment" which reduced the Legislature's authority to increase spending by adding "pet projects" to the budget; the amendment was approved by voters in a referendum.[1] He also co-sponsored a water-protection bill preserving numerous critical areas in the county, a "crack-house" law targeting drug dealers, as well as reforms to the Suffolk County Police Department.[1]

Gaughran was confirmed by the Suffolk County Legislature to the Suffolk County Water Authority (SCWA) for a five-year term in March 2008. He was re-appointed by the Legislature in March 2013 and March 2018.[3]

Following the retirement of SCWA chair (and former interim Suffolk County Executive) Michael A. LoGrande in May 2010, Gaughran was appointed as the new SCWA chair. As chair, he implemented reforms emphasizing accountability and transparency.[4][5] He also reduced the payroll of the SCWA by 6% over four years.[1]

After his election to the New York State Senate in 2018, Gaughran resigned as SCWA chair. He was succeeded by fellow SCWA board member (and former Suffolk County Executive) Patrick G. Halpin.[2][6]

Gaughran ran for Suffolk County Comptroller in 2014,[7] losing the general election to John M. Kennedy, Jr. (then a member of the Suffolk County Legislature) by six points.[8]

Gaughran first ran for the New York State Senate from the 5th district in 1992; his opponent in the general election was the long-time Republican incumbent, Ralph J. Marino (who was the senate majority leader at the time).[7]

The 5th district "straddles the Nassau-Suffolk border",[7] and includes the town of Huntington and the northern part of the town of Oyster Bay. Thus, the district includes all or parts of the hamlets of Glen Cove, Syosset, Jericho, Northport, Commack, Dix Hills, Melville, and Plainview.[9]

In December 1991, Marino, as the senate majority leader, became known for his "budget-wrangling" which led to the infamous "Hamlet on the Hudson" incident, in which then-Gov. Mario Cuomo kept a plane bound for New Hampshire idling on a tarmac on the last day to file for the 1992 first-in-the-nation presidential primary in that state, while he tried to negotiate a state budget with the Republican-controlled senate.[10] Although he had been perceived as a front-runner for the 1992 Democratic nomination, Cuomo declined to run for president, saying that he was "willing" but not "able" to campaign due to the unresolved state budget crisis.[10]

The 1992 campaign was extremely bitter, with Marino accusing Gaughran of improperly conspiring with a fiscally conservative group called Pack-Up (an acronym for "Political Action Committee to Kick Out Unproductive Politicians"), and Gaughran accusing Marino of using state funds to finance the distribution of his campaign mailings. The campaign was the most expensive state senate campaign up to that point, eclipsing the previous record of $910,000 set in 1990, and took place concurrently with a similarly rancorous 1992 U.S. Senate campaign between the Republican incumbent, Sen. Al D'Amato, and the Democratic challenger, state Attorney General Robert Abrams.[11]

In the campaign, Gaughran drew a surprising contrast between himself and Marino: he charged that Marino symbolized "clubhouse politics" and big government in Albany, and that Marino "voted for every state tax increase and every mandate on localities passed by the Legislature", while Gaughran himself signed a pledge to vote against any tax increase.[11] Gaughran also chose environmental protection as a signature issue of his campaign, highlighting Marino's opposition to a state environmental trust fund and saying that Marino was "selling Long Island out on the environment".[11]

Ultimately, Marino defeated Gaughran with a larger-than-expected margin of over twenty points.[12][13]

Gaughran ran against Marino's successor, Carl L. Marcellino, in 2016.[7]

Marino had resigned from the state senate in February 1995 following his defeat in a senate-caucus vote for another term as senate majority leader by Joseph Bruno, an ally of Marino's intra-party rival Gov. George Pataki.[14] Marcellino had won the special election on March 14, 1995, to replace Marino, and had been re-elected to ten full two-year terms, remaining in office since then.[15]

Gaughran was unopposed in the Democratic primary.[16]

The general election was closer than expected,[17] but Marcellino defeated Gaughran by 1,761 votes out of almost 160,000 votes, or about one percentage point.[18]

Gaughran announced in February 2018 that he would seek a re-match with Marcellino, who was seeking his twelfth full two-year term.[7] Gaughran was again unopposed in the Democratic primary.[19]

An analysis, conducted by Politico, of state senate election results on Long Island from 1984 to 2016 found that, of the seventy-two mid-term year senate elections during that period, Democrats did not win a single one.[20]

Gaughran was endorsed by The New York Times,[21] Newsday,[22] and numerous local labor unions and activist groups.[23]

Campaign spending on behalf of both Gaughran and Marcellino was unusually prolific, reaching at least $2.8 million.[20] Outside spending on behalf of Gaughran included $494,000 from the New York State United Teachers, $136,000 from the Communications Workers of America, and $15,000 from the New York State Nurses Association.[20] An advisory from the political blog Daily Kos to left-leaning small donors included Gaughran among eight state legislature candidates across the country;[17] according to Gaughran's campaign, this "shout-out" attracted more than $47,000 in individual contributions from about 4,000 donors.[24]

Gaughran won the 2018 election, defeating Marcellino by almost ten thousand votes out of about 118,000 votes, or about eight-and-a-half percentage points.[25][26]

Gaughran's victory formed part of the successful campaign by the Democratic Party to re-take the majority in the New York State Senate for the first time in a decade (and just the fourth time in eighty years).[27][28]

• Committee on Alcoholism and Substance Abuse (2019–2020)[29]
• Committee on Commerce, Economic Development, and Small Business (2019–2020)[29]
• Committee on Higher Education (2019–2020)[29]
• Committee on Local Government (Chair, 2019–2020)[29]
• Committee on Racing, Gaming, and Wagering (2019–2020)[29]

Gaughran took office on January 1, 2019. On January 6, 2019, Gaughran held an in-district inauguration ceremony.[30]

In January 2019, Gaughran and state Assemblyman Charles D. Lavine organized a food-and-supplies drive for "the thousands of [federal] workers across Long Island" during the U.S. federal government shutdown, which began on December 21, 2018, and ended on January 25, 2019.[31][32][33]

On January 9, 2019, Gaughran introduced a bill to "require propeller guards on instructional vessels".[34] Described by Gaughran as a "common-sense boating safety bill",[35] the bill is nicknamed "Ryan's Law" after twelve-year-old Ryan Weiss, who died in July 2017 during a boating lesson, in an accident that would likely not have been fatal had propeller guards been in place.[36] The bill is simultaneously sponsored in the state Assembly by Andrew Raia, who first introduced the legislation in September 2017.[35][37]

On January 17, 2019, Gaughran introduced a bill to make permanent the property tax cap of 2% enacted in 2011.[38][39] Gaughran said the following about his rationale for introducing the bill:[38]

"I ran for State Senate on the promise that I would fight tirelessly for overburdened and overtaxed Long Islanders. Today I took the first step and introduced vital legislation to make the property tax cap permanent. No more temporary extensions. A permanent tax cap for permanent relief."
"We're beginning to feel the devastating effects of the federal limit on State and Local Tax deductions. We cannot let Long Islanders be taxed out of their homes. It is critical that New York State takes steps to providing real tax relief to Long Islanders, while the federal government continues its attack on New York taxpayers. The Democratic Senate Majority is going to provide local municipalities and school districts with mandate reform and increase state aid to our region to help lower local tax levies. It's a new day in Albany and we're done with the same old games that have cost Long Island for decades. I am proud that my first bill to pass as a State Senator will be legislation to make the tax cap permanent."[38]

Gaughran's bill was passed by the senate almost unanimously on January 23, 2019;[39] state Sens. Gustavo Rivera and Julia Salazar, both Democrats, were the only two votes against Gaughran's bill.[39]

Gaughran supports "simple remedies" which would reduce corruption in Albany, such as:[21][40]

• prohibiting outside income for legislators,[21][40]
• closing a loophole that allows large political donors to hide their identities and to legally exceed campaign finance limits via shell corporations,[21][40]
• requiring legislators to reveal conflicts-of-interest,[21][40]
• banning the personal use of campaign funds,[21][40]
• allowing for the recall of elected officials via public petition.[21][40]

Gaughran touts his experience with environmental policy as the chair of the Suffolk County Water Authority.[22][40] He supports a ban on off-shore drilling, and a reduction in fossil-fuel usage by 40% by the year 2030.[22][40] He also favors measures targeting food waste, both for its effect on the environment and its effect on food-insecure households.[22][40]

Gaughran believes that the New York Secure Ammunition and Firearms Enforcement Act of 2013 should be expanded;[21][40] he favors banning bump stocks and extending the background check waiting period from three to ten days.[21][40]

In January 2019, Gaughran was amongst nearly the entire Democratic caucus in the New York State Senate in co-sponsoring gun legislation to expand background checks and to ban bump stocks.[41] Following the successful passage of the legislation through the state senate, Gaughran praised the efforts of activist movements such as March for Our Lives and other 2018 protests which raised awareness of gun violence in the United States, saying:[41]

"Last year young people across the country mobilized in a transformative movement to march for their lives. One year later New York stands to make history again with common sense gun reforms such as Extreme Risk Protection Order and expanded background checks. Today I have the great honor of hosting Linda Beigel Schulman and Michael Schulman, parents of the late Scott Beigel, who was tragically gunned down in the Parkland massacre last year while heroically saving the lives of his students. I thank them for their tremendous bravery and courage in turning their tragedy into advocacy. It shouldn't take a tragedy to spur action. Never again."[41]

The legislation was passed by the state legislature on January 29, 2019,[41] and are pending signature from Gov. Andrew Cuomo.[41]

Gaughran intends to vote for the New York Health Act, which will establish a single-payer universal healthcare program in New York.[40]

After Gaughran was elected, thanks mostly to a progressive grassroots campaign, he reneged on his promise to support the New York Health Act.

Gaughran supports classifying gender identity and expression as "protected classes", meaning that existing state laws prohibiting discrimination would then apply (viz. forbid discrimination on the basis of gender identity and expression).[40] Gaughran also supports a state-wide ban on conversion therapy.[40]

In January 2019, each of the thirty-nine members of the Democratic caucus in the New York State Senate, including Gaughran, co-sponsored the Gender Expression Non-Discrimination Act (GENDA),[42][43] alongside a conversion therapy ban.[42][44] The bills were passed by the state legislature on January 15, 2019,[42] and were signed by Gov. Andrew Cuomo on January 25, 2019.[42]

In a statement issued following the successful passage of GENDA through the state senate, Gaughran said:[42]

"Years of dysfunction in Albany have blocked the passage of critical legislation like GENDA. This week we broke the logjam and passed historic protections to root out discrimination with the passage of GENDA and end cruel, barbaric practices like conversion therapy. As a conference, we've promised one of the most productive sessions in decades; we're just getting started."[42]

Whereas the Democratic-controlled state Assembly has consistently passed GENDA in every legislative session since 2013,[42] the 2019 bills became the first significant LGBT bills passed by the senate since the passage of the Marriage Equality Act in June 2011.[42]

Gaughran is pro-choice and supports codifying a woman's right to an abortion into state law, citing the conservative majority on the U.S. Supreme Court as a threat to reproductive rights established in the landmark Roe v. Wade case in 1973.[21][40] In response to his vote in favor of the Reproductive Health Act in 2019, which expanded late term abortion and codified abortion rights statewide, the Huntington chapter of Ancient Order of Hibernians asked Gaughran to resign as a member and barred him from participating in the St. Patricks's Day parade.</ref>"NY senator who backed abortion law disinvited from Catholic group's parade". Catholic News Agency. March 8, 2019. Retrieved January 7, 2020.</ref>

Gaughran favors overhauling the Common Core State Standards Initiative, which New York has formally adopted, saying, "this time we need to listen to our teachers, our parents, and our children about what works".[40] He opposes funding private for-profit charter schools with the public education budget.[40] He supports repealing the 2015 law establishing "Annual Professional Performance Reviews" (APPRs), which measure the effectiveness of teachers by the performance of students on standardized tests.[40]

In January 2019, each of the thirty-nine members of the Democratic caucus in the New York State Senate, including Gaughran, along with two Republican members, co-sponsored a bill to repeal the APPRs.[45][46] In a statement issued following the successful passage of the legislation, Gaughran said:[45]

"Public school teachers are the cornerstone of New York's excellent public school system. Teachers and students deserve fully funded public schools, not over-testing or the arbitrary linkage of test scores to teacher performance. We don't need annual tests to know how our students are progressing, we need to maintain local control. Our teachers are already evaluating student achievements every day in their classrooms, and perpetually modifying their lesson plans to provide the best education possible. I am proud to cast my vote to repeal the ineffective APPR evaluation system and look forward to fighting for increased education aid to Long Island public schools."[45]

The bill was passed by the state legislature on January 23, 2019,[46] and are pending signature from Gov. Andrew Cuomo.[46]

Gaughran advocates for legalizing, regulating, and taxing sports betting, and using the tax revenue to help fund school districts in order to alleviate the trend of rising property taxes.[22]

Gaughran opposes the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (which was passed by the U.S. Congress and signed by President Donald Trump in late 2017) due to its cap on the state-and-local-tax deduction, known as the SALT deduction.[40] This cap raises the effective tax rate on many Long Island residents (300,000 households by Gaughran's estimation)[40] since the state and local taxes are much higher on Long Island than they are on average nation-wide.[40]

Gaughran supports expanding early voting and facilitating voter registration.[21][22] He opposes requiring a reason to request an absentee ballot.[21][22] He supports appointing an independent re-districting commission to prevent gerrymandering,[22]