Janismo

During the government of Juscelino Kubitscheck, a politic of Developmentalism were adopted, through the construction of Brasilia, under the promise of development of the national industry upon 5 years.[2]

Janismo can be defined by this electoral campaign and government under Jânio Quadros's presidency. Janismo focused in combat corruption as the main goal;[3] it is characterized by a Right-wing populism, but, in opposition to Getulismo and Peronism; the main difference between Jânio and Vargas, was in the way that they targeted the lower class: while Vargas appeal for best conditions[4] for the labour class, Jânio atractted attention from the same class, by a justice-seeking sentiment.

Other characteristics of Janismo were perceived:

• Anti-communism and Right-wing populism.
• Non-alignment. Jânio refused to follow a solid alliance with his political coalition; Jânio keep relation with eastern-bloc countries, despite the conservative ideology of his party; he also appointed ministers that were rivals of his political base in Brazilian Congress.
• Anti-parliamentarism: Since Jânio lost the support of Congress, he made a letter for the population, declaring that the parliament, was dominated by political elites that tried to boycott his government.[5] Jânio hoped to govern with popular support above the will of the legislative branch.
• Anti-corruption propaganda during electoral campaign.
• Anti-Getulism. Appeal for the labour class in a different way.
• Non-partisan politics:[6] Jânio never have kept compromise with any party, but "only with the masses" who should trust in his leadership. According to historians Lilia Schwarcz and Heloísa Starling, Jânio made clear he was above all parties and traditional politicians.[7]
• The politician performed as a new kind of politician, who oppose to mainstream politics[8].

During 1960 Brazilian presidential election, not satisfied with the candidacy of Henrique Teixeira Lott (supported by the main labourist party, the Labour Party), syndicalists supported Jânio Quadros candidacy as president, and Jango, his rival, as vice-president.[9] This non-formal coalition, was named "Jan–Jan Movement". By the first time in decades, a vice-president was elected as opposition of the president (Jango was an ally of his main rival: Kubitschek). Despite the disagreement between both leaders, Jânio, as much Jango, were the favorite runners of the labour class.

Another right-wings politicians like Levy Fidelix and Fernando Chiarelli, during their political campaign, attacked the corruption of the Brazilian state as main tenet.[10][11] Some parties that followed the Janismo can be identified:

• Renewal Labour Movement: Created by Fernando Ferrari, former member of the Brazilian Labour Party.
• National Labour Party: First party inspired by Jânio, founded after his death.
• Brazilian Labour Renewal Party: Political party of Hamilton Mourão.