Jaidev Kapoor

Jaidev was born in 1908 on Diwali eve in Hardoi, Shahabad district, Uttar Pradesh. His father, Shaligram Kapoor, was a member of Arya Samaj. Jaidev learned wrestling under the tutelage of Chhote Maharaj and Thakur Ram Singh.[2]

While studying in D.A.V. College in Kanpur, he, along with Shiv Verma, joined Hindustan Republican Association formed by Shachindra Nath Sanyal. A few years later (1925–27), Jaidev was entrusted with the task of developing the revolutionary network in Banaras. Accordingly, he enrolled for the B.Sc course in the Hindu Banaras University. Bhagat Singh stayed in the Limbdy(Limbdi) hostel with him for several days.[3]

Jaidev was a participant in the now famous meeting of revolutionaries operating all over India which was held in the ruins of Feroz Shah Kotla on September 8–9, 1928. In this meeting, it was decided that Hindustan Socialist Republican Association would have two wings, one administrative and one military. Jaidev was part of the military wing. He received training in manufacturing bombs in Agra.

Jaidev played an important role in the assembly bombing as a protest against the Trade Dispute Bill and the Public Safety Bill. He declared himself to be a student of economics studying at Delhi College and got permission to use the assembly library. He soon managed to form an acquaintance with a vigilance officer who helped him to get sanction letters for visiting the assembly. He used to take his associates for inspection of the assembly building.[4]

The famous hat-bearing photograph of Bhagat Singh was taken a few days prior to the assembly bombing. Jaidev had made the arrangements in the studios of Ramnath Photographers at Kashmiri Gate in Delhi.

Kapoor, Shiv Verma and Rajguru had planned to assassinate the then Viceroy of India, Lord Irwin, when he would attend a dinner and banquet party hosted by the I.C.S officers. Rajguru was the spotter, Jaidev was supposed to hurl a bomb at Irwin's car and Shiv Verma was the backup: if Jaidev had missed, Shiv would throw another bomb. That night, the Viceroy sent his car to drop three women somewhere. Rajguru noticed this and he didn't give any signal but was later praised by all the revolutionaries for avoiding the indiscriminate assassinations.[5]

After the environment in Delhi heated up after the assembly bombings, the bomb factory was shifted to Saharanpur by Jaidev, Shiv and Gaya Prasad Katiyar and others. Their plan was to run the bomb factory in the guise of a dispensary. Shiv and Jaidev were the compounders. Kishori Lal, Sukhdev and others were also present. The lack of funds and the movements of these three soon made the locals and the police suspicious. Soon, Mathura Dutt Joshi, the Deputy Superintendent of Police ordered a raid on the factory and all were arrested. They were then sent to Lahore and tried under the infamous Lahore Conspiracy Case. He was sent to the Kala Pani. He expressed the desire to meet Bhagat Singh and other associates for last time. Bhagat Singh handed over his brand new shoes to Jaidev saying that the police would take them anyway, at least, Jaidev could use them. Jaidev preserved them as a souvenir. Jaidev was released after 16 years (just a couple of years before India attained independence).

Jaidev died on September 19, 1994.

In the movie The Legend of Bhagat Singh, Sunil Grover portrayed Jaidev Kapoor.