Henry H. Bingham

Henry H. Bingham was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on December 4, 1841.[1] He graduated from Jefferson College in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania, in 1862,[1] where he became a member of the Phi Kappa Psi fraternity. He later graduated from the law department of Washington and Jefferson College in Washington, Pennsylvania.[2]

Bingham enlisted in the Union Army and received a commission as a first lieutenant in the 140th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry on August 22, 1862.[1]

During the Battle of Gettysburg on July 1–3, 1863, he was serving as Captain and Judge-Advocate on the staff of Major General Winfield Scott Hancock's II Corps.[3] During the battle he witnessed Pickett's Charge, and was near the "Angle" where the Confederates reached the "High Water Mark". He received the personal effects from the mortally wounded Confederate Brigadier General Lewis A. Armistead and carried the news to General Hancock, Armistead's friend from before the war.[4] Bingham was a Mason (Chartiers Lodge #297, Canonsburg, PA), and the story of how he provided assistance to the dying fellow Mason, General Armistead, was used in Masonic literature, and commemorated with the Friend to Friend Masonic Memorial at Gettysburg National Cemetery.[5] On the other hand, recent scholarship in 2010 by Michael Halleran shows that while Armistead and Bingham were both Masons, Bingham's encounter with Armistead occurred while the mortally wounded Armistead was being carried from the field by several men and happened purely by chance not because of any appeal of Masonic significance.[6] Bingham never claimed otherwise.[6] Bingham did take Armistead's personal effects and forwarded them to Major General Winfield S. Hancock as Armistead had requested because Hancock was a pre-war friend.[6] Bingham also was wounded on July 3, 1863 at the Battle of Gettysburg.[1]

In 1864, Bingham became aide-de-camp to Major General Gouverneur K. Warren.[1] During the Battle of the Wilderness during the Virginia Overland Campaign, on May 6, 1864, as captain of Company G, 140th Pennsylvania Infantry, he "rallied and led into action a portion of the troops who had given way under fierce assaults of the enemy."[7] He was awarded a Medal of Honor on August 26, 1893, for these actions.

Bingham was wounded again at the Battle of Spotsylvania, May 12, 1864.[1] Bingham was captured at Dabney's Mill, Virginia on October 27, 1864 during the Battle of Fair Oaks & Darbytown Road but escaped the same day.[1]

Bingham was mustered out of the service on July 2, 1866 and returned home to Philadelphia.[1] On December 3, 1867, President Andrew Johnson nominated Bingham for appointment to the brevet grade of brigadier general of volunteers, to rank from April 9, 1865, and the U.S. Senate confirmed the appointment on February 14, 1868.[8]

Henry Bingham was appointed postmaster of Philadelphia[1] by President Andrew Johnson in March 1867 and served until December 1872, when he resigned to accept the clerkship of the courts of oyer and terminer and quarter sessions of the peace in Philadelphia. He was a delegate to the Republican National Conventions of 1872 though 1900. He was elected to Congress as a Republican in 1878, and served until his death.[1] In Congress, he served as Chairman of the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads, and on the Committee on Expenditures in the Post Office Department.

He died in Pennsylvania March 22, 1912 and is buried in Laurel Hill Cemetery Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.[1][9] His grave can be found in section Y, lot 107.[9]

• List of Medal of Honor recipients
• List of American Civil War Medal of Honor recipients: A–F
• List of American Civil War brevet generals (Union)
• List of United States Congress members who died in office (1900–49)

• Eicher, John H., and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001. ISBN 0-8047-3641-3.
• Halleran, Michael A. The Better Angels of Our Nature: Freemasonry in the American Civil War. Tuscaloosa: The University of Alabama Press, 2010. ISBN 978-0-8173-1695-2.

• Works by or about Henry H. Bingham at Internet Archive
• Henry H. Bingham, late a representative from Pennsylvania, Memorial addresses delivered in the House of Representatives and Senate frontispiece 1913