Great Northern Tunnel

The Great Northern Tunnel is a 1-mile (1.6 km) double-tracked railway tunnel under downtown Seattle, Washington, completed by the Great Northern Railway in 1905, and now owned by the BNSF Railway, on its Scenic Subdivision. At the time it was built, it was the tallest and widest tunnel in the United States, at 28 feet (8.5 m) high and 30 feet (9.1 m) wide.[1]

Great Northern Tunnel

North and South Portals of the tunnel
Overview
Line	Scenic Subdivision
Location	Seattle, Washington
Coordinates	47.604°N 122.333°W / 47.604; -122.333
Status	Active
System	Amtrak Empire Builder Amtrak Cascades Sounder commuter rail Northern Transcon
Operation
Opened	1905
Owner	BNSF Great Northern Railway (original)
Operator	BNSF
Character	passenger, freight
Technical
Line length	1 mile (1.6 km)
No. of tracks	2
Track gauge	4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) (standard gauge)
Tunnel clearance	28 feet (8.5 m)

The southern portal is just north of King Street Station, and the northern in Victor Steinbrueck Park, between Virginia and Pine Streets. The Downtown Seattle Transit Tunnel passes four feet below the Great Northern Tunnel.[2]

A plaque commemorating the completion of the Great Northern Tunnel in 1905.

Freight and passenger trains use the tunnel, including Amtrak service to Chicago (the Empire Builder) and Vancouver, B.C. (Cascades), and Sound Transit's Seattle–Everett Sounder commuter rail service.

A more distant view of the South Portal of the tunnel