Geosaurinae

Geosaurinae is a subfamily of metriorhynchid crocodyliforms from the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous (Bajocian - Valanginian) of Europe, North America and South America.[1][2] Named by Richard Lydekker, in 1889, it contains the metriorhynchids Suchodus, Purranisaurus, Neptunidraco, Tyrannoneustes, Torvoneustes, Dakosaurus, Geosaurus and Plesiosuchus. The last four taxa form a tribe within Geosaurinae, the Geosaurini. Geosaurinae is one of two subfamilies of Metriorhynchidae, the other being Metriorhynchinae.[3]

Geosaurines
Temporal range: Bajocian–Valanginian
Dakosaurus maximus skull, Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Suborder: †Thalattosuchia
Family: †Metriorhynchidae
Subfamily: †Geosaurinae
Lydekker, 1889
Genera

Phylogeny
Life reconstructions showing the maximum body lengths for the four Geosaurini genera present in the late Kimmeridgian-early Tithonian of Western Europe

Geosaurinae is a stem-based taxon defined in 2009 as the most inclusive clade consisting of Geosaurus giganteus, but not Metriorhynchus geoffroyii.[1] Geosaurini was named by Lydekker in 1889, and it is a node-based taxon defined by Andrea Cau and Federico Fanti in 2011 as the least inclusive clade consisting of Geosaurus giganteus, Dakosaurus maximus and Torvoneustes carpenteri. The cladogram below follows the topology from a 2011 analysis by Young et al.[4]

 Geosaurinae 
 
 

Suchodus brachyrhynchus

 
 

Suchodus durobrivensis

 
 
 
 

Geosaurinae indet. (="Metriorhynchus" aff. "M." brachyrhynchus)

 
 
 
 

Purranisaurus casamiquelai

 
 

Purranisaurus potens

 
 

Purranisaurus westermanni

 
 
 
 

Neptunidraco ammoniticus

 
 Geosaurini 
 

Torvoneustes carpenteri

 
 
 
 

Geosaurus lapparenti

 
 
 

Geosaurus giganteus

 
 

Geosaurus grandis

 
 
 
 
 

Dakosaurus manselii

 
 
 

Dakosaurus sp. (Mexico)

 
 
 

Dakosaurus andiniensis

 
 

Dakosaurus maximus

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

References
  1. Mark T. Young and Marco Brandalise de Andrade (2009). "What is Geosaurus? Redescription of Geosaurus giganteus (Thalattosuchia: Metriorhynchidae) from the Upper Jurassic of Bayern, Germany". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 157 (3): 551–585. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00536.x.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  2. Mark T. Young, Stephen L. Brusatte, Marcello Ruta and Marco Brandalise de Andrade (2010). "The evolution of Metriorhynchoidea (Mesoeucrocodylia, Thalattosuchia): an integrated approach using geometrics morphometrics, analysis of disparity and biomechanics". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 158 (4): 801–859. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00571.x.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  3. Andrea Cau; Federico Fanti (2011). "The oldest known metriorhynchid crocodylian from the Middle Jurassic of North-eastern Italy: Neptunidraco ammoniticus gen. et sp. nov". Gondwana Research. 19 (2): 550–565. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2010.07.007.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  4. Mark T. Young, Mark A. Bell, Marco Brandalise de Andrade and Stephen L. Brusatte (2011). "Body size estimation and evolution in metriorhynchid crocodylomorphs: implications for species diversification and niche partitioning". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 163 (4): 1199–1216. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00734.x.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)


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