GWR 2021 Class

The GWR 2021 Class was a class of 140 0-6-0 saddle tank steam locomotives. They were built at the Wolverhampton railway works of the Great Western Railway between 1897 and 1905. 1897 was the very year of George Armstrong's retirement, so it is uncertain if the design should be attributed to him or to his superior at Swindon, William Dean.

GWR 2021 Class
No. 2080 at Berkeley Road station 1948
Type and origin
Power typeSteam
DesignerGeorge Armstrong
BuilderWolverhampton, GWR[1]
Order numberLots: D3, F3, G3, H3, J3, K3, L3, M3[1]
Serial numberWorks Nos: 625–764[1]
Build date1897 (1897) – 1905[1]
Total produced140[1]
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • Whyte0-6-0ST[1]
Gauge4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Driver dia.4 ft 1 1⁄2 in (1.257 m)[1]
Wheelbase7 ft 4 in (2.24 m) + 7 ft 4 in (2.24 m), total 14 ft 8 in (4.47 m)[1]
Length30 ft 1 in (9.17 m) over buffers[2]
Width8 ft 2 in (2.49 m)[2]
Height11 ft 10 3⁄8 in (3.62 m)[2]
Frame type
  • Type: Inside[3]
  • Length: 25 ft 8 in (7.82 m)
  • Width:7 ft 7 in (2.31 m)[2]
Axle load13 long tons 12+3/4 cwt (29,200 lb or 13.3 t)
(13.9 t; 15.3 short tons) full[1]
Loco weight40 long tons 13+3/4 cwt (89,700 lb or 40.7 t)
(41.3 t; 45.6 short tons) full [1]
Fuel typeCoal
Water cap1,000 imp gal (4,500 l; 1,200 US gal)[1]
Firebox:
 • Firegrate area		14.5 sq ft (1.35 m2)[1]
Boiler
  • Barrel: 10 ft 0 in (3.05 m)
  • Outside diameter: 3 ft 9 7⁄8 in (1.165 m) and 3 ft 9 in (1.14 m)
  • Pitch: 6 ft 0 3⁄4 in (1.848 m)[1]
Boiler pressure150 lbf/in2 (1.03 MPa)[1]
Heating surface1,018.75 sq ft (94.645 m2)[1]
 • Tubes926.25 sq ft (86.051 m2)[1]
 • Firebox92.5 sq ft (8.59 m2)[1]
CylindersTwo, inside
Cylinder size
Loco brakeSteam[4]
Performance figures
Tractive effort16,830 lbf (74.86 kN)[1]
Career
OperatorsGreat Western Railway
British Railways
Class2021
Number in class140
Numbers2021–2160[1]
LocaleWestern Region
Withdrawn1944–57[5]
DispositionAll scrapped
GWR 2101 Class (differences from 2021 Class)
Specifications
Axle load14 long tons 6 cwt (32,000 lb or 14.5 t)
(14.5 t; 16.0 short tons) full[6]
Loco weight41 long tons 0 cwt (91,800 lb or 41.7 t)
(41.7 t; 45.9 short tons) full[6]
Firebox:
 • Firegrate area		14.7 sq ft (1.37 m2)[6]
Boiler
  • Outside diameter: 3 ft 10 in (1.17 m) and 3 ft 9 in (1.14 m)[6]
Boiler pressure165 lbf/in2 (1.14 MPa)[6]
Heating surface1,054.13 sq ft (97.932 m2)[6]
 • Tubes958.32 sq ft (89.031 m2)[6]
 • Firebox95.81 sq ft (8.901 m2)[6]
Performance figures
Tractive effort18,515 lbf (82.36 kN)[6]
Career
Class2101

In fact the 2021s were simple enlargements of the Armstrong-designed 850 class of 1874. The changes were fundamentally confined to a longer wheelbase to permit fitting of a larger firebox.

History

The class was built in eight batches:

  • 2021-2030 (Lot D3, 1897)
  • 2031-2040 (Lot F3, 1897-8)
  • 2041-2060 (Lot G3, 1898-9)
  • 2061-2080 (Lot H3, 1899-1900)
  • 2081-2100 (Lot J3, 1900-01)
  • 2101-2120 (Lot K3, 1902-3)
  • 2121-2140 (Lot L3, 1903-4)
  • 2141-2160 (Lot M3, 1904-5)

Rebuilding with Belpaire fireboxes commenced in the early years of the Churchward era. Unsuccessful attempts to form a saddle tank around the firebox directly led to the switch to pannier tanks. The rebuilding of the whole class took place over many years. In their final form, with or without fully enclosed cabs, 110 of them survived into British Railways ownership, the last of them being retired in 1956. They were superseded by the short-lived GWR 1600 Class, nominally a Hawksworth design, but in reality a straightforward update of the then 75-year-old design, with new boiler, bigger cab and bunker.

References
  1. le Fleming 1958, p. E50.
  2. Whitehurst 1973, p. 152.
  3. le Fleming 1958, p. E5.
  4. le Fleming 1958, p. E11.
  5. Whitehurst 1973, pp. 21-23.
  6. le Fleming 1958, p. E51.

Sources
  • Ian Allan ABC of British Railways Locomotives, 1948 edition, part 1, pp 16,51
  • le Fleming, H.M. (April 1958). Part 5: Six-coupled Tank Engines. The Locomotives of the Great Western Railway. Oxford: RCTS. ISBN 0-901115-35-5. OCLC 500544510.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Whitehurst, Brian (1973). Great Western Engines, Names, Numbers, Types and Classes (1940 to Preservation). Oxford, UK: Oxford Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-9028-8821-0. OCLC 815661.

See also
  • GWR 0-6-0PT – list of classes of GWR 0-6-0 pannier tank, including table of preserved locomotives
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