Executive Yuan

The Executive Yuan is the executive branch of the government of the Republic of China (Taiwan). Its leader is the Premier, who is appointed by the President of the Republic of China, and no longer requires confirmation by the Legislative Yuan.[3] The Premier may be removed by a vote of no-confidence by a majority of the Legislative Yuan, after which the President may either remove the Premier or dissolve the Legislative Yuan and initiate a new election for legislators.[4].[5] Unlike most presidential systems, the head of the Executive Branch is not the President. The Premier is the head of government while the President is the head of state. The President may remove the Premier.[3]

Executive Yuan
行政院
Xíngzhèng Yuàn (Mandarin)
Hàng-chṳn Yen (Hakka)
Executive Yuan logo
Agency overview
Formed25 October 1928
Preceding agency
JurisdictionGovernment of the Republic of China
HeadquartersNo. 1, Zhongxiao E. Rd., Zhongzheng, Taipei, Taiwan
Employees407
Agency executives
Websiteey.gov.tw
Executive Yuan
Chinese行政院
Literal meaningExecutive Court
Taiwan
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
the Republic of China
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Organization and structure
Executive Yuan

The Executive Yuan is headed by the Premier (or President of the Executive Yuan) and includes its Vice Premier, twelve cabinet ministers, various chairpersons of commissions, and five to nine ministers without portfolio. The Vice Premier, ministers and chairpersons are appointed by the President of the Republic of China on the recommendation of the Premier.[6]

Its formation, as one of five branches ("Yuans") of the government, stemmed from the Three Principles of the People, the constitutional theory of Sun Yat-sen, but was adjusted constitutionally over the years to adapt to the situation in the ROC by changes in the laws and the Constitution of the Republic of China.

Leaders
Name Leader
English Name Chinese
Premier院長 Su Tseng-chang
Vice Premier 副院長 Chen Chi-mai
Secretary-General 秘書長 Li Meng-yen

Ministries
Name Minister
English Name Chinese
Interior內政部 Hsu Kuo-yung
Foreign Affairs外交部 Joseph Wu
National Defense國防部 Yen Teh-fa
Finance財政部 Su Jain-rong
Education教育部 Pan Wen-chung
Justice法務部 Tsai Ching-hsiang
Economic Affairs經濟部 Shen Jong-chin
Transportation and Communications交通部 Lin Chia-lung
Labor勞動部 Hsu Ming-chun
Health and Welfare衛生福利部 Chen Shih-chung
Culture文化部 Lee Yung-te
Science and Technology科技部 Wu Tsung-tsong

Councils and Commissions

Empowered by various laws or the Constitution, under the Executive Yuan Council several individual boards are formed to enforce different executive functions of the government. Unless regulated otherwise, the chairs are appointed by and answer to the Premier. The members of the boards are usually (a) governmental officials for the purpose of interdepartmental coordination and cooperation; or (b) creditable professionals for their reputation and independence.

  To become a ministry
  To be merged into other organs
Name Chair
English Name Chinese

Council of Agriculture

 農業委員會 Chen Chi-chung
National Development Council 國家發展委員會 Kung Ming-hsin
Mainland Affairs Council 大陸委員會 Chen Ming-tong
Financial Supervisory Commission 金融監督管理委員會 Wellington Koo
Ocean Affairs Council 海洋委員會 Lee Chung-wei
Overseas Community Affairs Council 僑務委員會 Wu Hsin-hsing
Veterans Affairs Council 國軍退除役官兵輔導委員會 Feng Shih-kuan
Council of Indigenous Peoples 原住民族委員會 Icyang Parod
Hakka Affairs Council 客家委員會 Lee Yung-te

Public Construction Commission

 公共工程委員會 Wu Tze-cheng

Atomic Energy Council

 原子能委員會 Hsieh Shou-shing

Independent Commissions

There are independent executive commissions under the Executive Yuan Council. Members of these commissions have to be confirmed by the Legislative Yuan.

Name Chair
English Name Chinese
Central Election Commission 中央選舉委員會 Lee Chin-yung
Fair Trade Commission 公平交易委員會 Huang Mei-ying
National Communications Commission 國家通訊傳播委員會 Chen Yaw-shyang (acting)

Other organs
  To become a ministry
  To be merged into other organs
Name Leader
English Name Chinese

Environmental Protection Administration

 環境保護署 Chang Tzi-chin
Central Bank 中央銀行 Yang Chin-long
National Palace Museum 國立故宮博物院 Wu Mi-cha
Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics 主計總處 Chu Tzer-ming
Directorate-General of Personnel Administration 人事行政總處 Jay N. Shih

Organizations no longer under Executive Yuan
Former site of Executive Yuan in Presidential Palace Complex (1928-1937)
Former site of Executive Yuan in Gulou District, Nanjing (1946-1949)

Due to government restructuring, some agencies may be dissolved or merged with other agencies. Based on Executive Yuan website, the following bodies are no longer agencies under the Executive Yuan:[7]

  • Consumer Protection Commission, restructured as the Consumer Protection Committee on 1 January 2012
  • Aviation Safety Council, became an independent agency on 20 May 2012, later renamed Taiwan Transportation Safety Board[8]
  • National Disaster Prevention and Protection Commission: a task-force-grouped committee authorized by the law of Disaster Prevention and Protection.

Dissolved or cease to function

Ministers without portfolio

In the Executive Yuan Council, the current ministers without portfolio are:[9]

Executive Yuan Council

The Executive Yuan Council, commonly referred to as "The Cabinet" (內閣), is the chief policymaking organ of the ROC government. It consists of the premier, who presides over its meetings, the vice premier, ministers without portfolio, the heads of the ministries, and the heads of the Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission and the Overseas Chinese Affairs Commission. The secretary-general and the deputy secretary-general of the Executive Yuan also attend, as well as heads of other Executive Yuan organizations by invitation, but they have no vote. Article 58 of the Constitution empowers the Executive Yuan Council to evaluate statutory and budgetary bills concerning martial law, amnesty, declarations of war, conclusion of peace or treaties, and other important affairs before submission to the Legislative Yuan.

Relationship with the Legislative Yuan

The Executive Yuan Council must present the Legislators with an annual policy statement and an administrative report. The Legislative Committee may also summon members of the Executive Yuan Council for questioning.

Whenever there is disagreement between the Legislative Council and Executive Yuan Council, the Legislative Committee may pass a resolution asking the Executive Yuan Council to alter the policy proposal in question. The Executive Yuan may, in turn, ask the Legislators to reconsider. Afterwards, if the Legislative Council upholds the original resolution, the premier must abide by the resolution or resign. The Executive Yuan Council may also present an alternative budgetary bill if the one passed by the Legislative Committee is deemed difficult to execute.

Access

The Executive Yuan building is accessible within walking distance east of Taipei Railway Station or west of Shandao Temple Station of the MRT.

See also

References
  1. "Mao Chi-kuo named as premier (update)". focustaiwan.tw.
  2. "Taiwan retains most Cabinet members in reshuffle". focustaiwan.tw.
  3. 葉耀元 (21 February 2015). "總統制、半總統制、內閣制？台灣到底需要什麼樣的憲政框架？". 菜市場政治學. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
  4. Second Amendment of the Constitution of The Republic of China (2005)
  5. Third Amendment of the Constitution of The Republic of China (2005)
  6. "Executive Yuan, R.O.C.)-Structure & Functions". Ey.gov.tw. Archived from the original on 2014-04-29. Retrieved 2014-05-07.
  7. "Executive Yuan, R.O.C. (Taiwan)-Ministries and Agencies". Ey.gov.tw. 2006-06-15. Retrieved 2014-05-07.
  8. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2014-05-24. Retrieved 2014-04-23.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  9. "Premier-designate finalizes his Cabinet lineup - Politics - FOCUS TAIWAN - CNA ENGLISH NEWS".
  10. "Former economics minister to oversee trade negotiations: Cabinet - Politics - FOCUS TAIWAN - CNA ENGLISH NEWS".
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