Equipment of the Iranian Army
From 1925 to the Iranian Revolution in 1979, Iran was mostly equipped with Western hardware. Cases exist where Iran was supplied with equipment even before it was made standard in the countries that developed it (for example the US F-14 Tomcat, or the British Chieftain). Primary suppliers included the United States, Britain, France, West Germany, Italy, Israel, and the Soviet Union.
Iranian Army |
---|
Structure |
Personnel |
Equipment |
History |
The Iran–Iraq War, and post revolutionary sanctions at the time had a dramatic effect on Iran's inventory of western equipment. Under the pressures of war all supplies were quickly exhausted and replacements became increasingly difficult to come by. The war eventually forced Iran to turn towards Pakistan, North Korea, Brazil, and China to meet its short term military requirements. Initial developments in every field of military technology were carried out with the technical support of Russia, China, and North Korea to lay the foundations for future industries.
Iranian reliance on these countries has rapidly decreased over the last decade in most sectors where Iran has gained almost total independence; however, in some sectors such as the Aerospace sector Iran is still greatly reliant on external help. Iran has developed the capacity to reverse engineer existing foreign hardware, adapt it to its own requirements and then manufacture the finished product. Examples of this are the Boragh IFV. In an attempt to make its military industries more sustainable Iran has also sought to export its military products.
This page includes weapons used by both the Islamic Republic of Iran Army Ground Forces and the Revolutionary Guards ground forces.
Infantry weapons
Small arms
Model | Type | Quantity | Acquired | Origin | Image | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PC-9 ZOAF | Semi-automatic pistol | 9 mm pistol, unlicensed local production variant of the Swiss SIG Sauer P226.[1] | ||||
Browning HP | Semi-automatic pistol | Used by IRGC[2] | ||||
M1911A1 | Semi-automatic pistol | .45 ACP pistol.[3][4] | ||||
MPT-9 | Submachine gun | Heckler & Koch MP5 manufactured under licence[5] | ||||
Uzi | Submachine gun | [6] | ||||
Star Model Z84 | Submachine gun | Amphibious Submachine-Gun is used by IRGCN frogmen. | ||||
Nakhjir | Sniper rifle | SVD manufactured under license;[7] A new upgraded version was unveiled during the Muhammad Rasulullah 4 exercises held on 12 December 2016.[8] | ||||
Siyavash sniper rifle | Sniper rifle | Domestically produced lightweight sniper weighing 6.5 kg (14 lb) loaded[9] | ||||
Taher | Sniper rifle | Domestically developed sniper rifle with maximum range of 1200 m[8] | ||||
Steyr HS .50/Sayyad | Anti-material rifle | [10] | ||||
Arash | Anti-material rifle | semi-automatic anti-material sniper rifle, also used by Hezbollah | ||||
Shaher | Anti-material rifle | Iranian 14.5 mm anti material rifle. | ||||
Taktab | Anti-material rifle | Iranian 20 mm anti material sniper rifle[11] | ||||
S.5'56 | Assault rifle | Copy of the Norinco CQ. In service with Saberin unit.[12] | ||||
Arash | Anti-material rifle | Iranian 20 mm bullpup Anti-Material rifle.[13][14][15] | ||||
KH-2002 | Assault rifle | Iranian designed bullpup configuration of the Chinese Norinco CQ 5.56×45mm rifle. Limited service.[16] | ||||
AKM | Assault rifle | [17] | ||||
Type 56 | Assault rifle | Chinese AKM clone | ||||
KL-7.62 | Assault rifle | Iranian copy of the Chinese Type 56 and AKM. Possibly produced under license. IRGC main service rifle. | ||||
HK G3A6 | Battle rifle | Licensed production of G3A3 Battle Rifle,[18] Army main service rifle[17] | ||||
MGA3 | General purpose machine gun | Licensed production[18] | ||||
PKM-T80 | General purpose machine gun | Local production[17] | ||||
MGD | Heavy machine gun | Local production[19] | ||||
RPK | Light machine gun | Local production | ||||
Akhgar | Heavy machine gun | Locally produced 7.62 mm 6-barrelled rotary machine gun. | ||||
Moharram | Heavy machine gun | Locally produced 12.7 mm 6-barrelled rotary machine gun.[20] | ||||
Nasir | automatic grenade launcher | 40mm automatic grenade launcher. | ||||
Sayad 5.56 | Assault rifle | Carbine version of the Norinco CQ produced by Iran | ||||
AK-103 | Assault rifle | The sale of an undisclosed number of AK-103s for use by sections of the Iranian special forces was negotiated.[14] The weapons were reported to be shipped to Iran on August 2016.[15] The IRGC is reported to be using the AK-103.[16] |
Infantry anti-tank weapons/unguided
Model | Type | Quantity | Acquired | Origin | Image | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SPG-9 | Recoilless rifle | [21][22] | ||||
M40 | Recoilless rifle | [22] | ||||
RPG-7 | [23] | |||||
Type 69 RPG | Chinese copy of Russian RPG-7. | |||||
Saegheh | Improved version of the RPG-7.[24] | |||||
RPG-29 | [25] | |||||
Sources:[26][27][28][29] |
Anti-tank guided missile
Model | Type | Quantity | Acquired | Origin | Photos | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Saeghe 1/2 | Anti-tank guided missile | Unknown | Reverse engineered M47 Dragon.[30][31] | |||
Toophan Toophan 2 Toophan 2B Toophan 2M Toophan 3 Toophan 4 Toophan 5 Toophan 6 Toophan 7 |
Anti-tank guided missile | Unknown | Entered production 1987/1988. Revealed 2000. N/A N/A Introduced 2016 First shown to the public in 2017 but in use since at least 2015. Began development in 2002 and entered production in 2010. Shown to the Public in 2017 Planned Variant, currently in development. |
Considered to be the BGM-71A TOW clone,[32] the Toophan-1's payload is a 3.6 kg HEAT warhead. the top speed 310 m/s. Toophan-1 marketing material claims a hit probability of 96%.[33]
The Toophan 2 is a derivative of BGM-71C TOW missile with a tandem HEAT warhead; possibly incorporates elements of BGM-71E TOW 2A missile.[34] The Toophan 2B is an upgraded model of the Toophan 2 with a heavier warhead. The Toophan 2M is an upgraded model of the Toophan 2B equipped with a tandem-warhead.[35] The Toophan 3 is a reverse-engineered American BGM-71F TOW 2B top-attack missile.[36] The Toophan 4 is a variant of the Toophan family which is equipped with a thermobaric fuel-air warhead.[37] Considered the premier Toophan variant,[36] the Toophan-5 has laser guidance, tandem-warhead[38] and canards.[39] As a laser-riding missile, it uses a different launcher. Not a copy of any TOW variant. The Toophan 6 is a variant of the Toophan family which is equipped with an anti-bunker thermobaric warhead[40] and is said to be laser-riding. The Toophan 7 is a planned variant of the Toophan family, it's equipped warhead is unclear some sources claim it is perhaps fragmentation thermobaric. | ||
Qaem Qaem-M |
Anti-aircraft missile | Unknown | Entered mass production in 2009 | The Qaem is an Iranian SACLOS beam-riding SHORAD surface-to-air missile. With a range of six kilometers and a maximum altitude of two kilometers, the Qaem is intended for use against UAVs and low flying or stationary helicopters. The Qaem is a development of the Toophan missile, hence why they are identical in appearance.
The missiles can be used by Ghods Mohajer UAVs.[41] The Qaem anti-aircraft missile uses a laser guidance system.[42] Iran also produces a variant, the Qaem-M, which adds a proximity fuse.[43] | ||
9K11 Malyutka/Raad | Anti-tank guided missile | Unknown | Manufactured in Iran under the name Raad. | |||
9K111 Fagot | Anti-tank guided missile | Unknown | ||||
9M113 Konkurs | Anti-tank guided missile | Unknown | Built as Towsan-1 or M-113 in Iran. | |||
9K115-2 Metis-M | Anti-tank guided missile | Unknown | ||||
MILAN | Anti-tank guided missile | Unknown | Captured during the Iran-Iraq War. Probably no longer in service. | |||
Dehlavie | Anti-tank guided missile | Unknown | Iranian copy of Kornet.[44][45] Available as Pirooz vehicle-mounted weapon station.[46] | |||
Sources:[47][48][22][27] |
Vehicles
Armored fighting vehicles
Model | Type | In Service | Origin | Image | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Boragh/BMP-1 | Armored personnel carrier | 350 | 1997 | 210 BMP-1 and 140 Boragh, according to Global Security[49] | ||
Sayyad | Armored fast attack vehicle | Unknown | ||||
M113A1 | Armored personnel carrier | 300 | 1966-1978 | |||
EE-9 Cascavel | Armored car | 35 | According to Global Security, 35 are in service.[49] | |||
BTR-50 BTR-60 BTR-80 | Amphibious Armored personnel carrier Armored Personnel Carrier | 480 | 1966–2017(BTR-80) | KPVT 14.5 mm machine gun replaced with DShKM 12.7 mm machine gun or ZSU-23 gun on some vehicles. ATGM launchers added to some vehicles.BTR-82 Variant | ||
BMP-2 | Infantry fighting vehicle | 650 | 1991–2001 | 1,500 ordered in 1991 from Russia and 413 were delivered between 1993 and 2001 of which 82 were delivered directly by Russia and 331 were assembled in Iran.[50] 100 were in service in 1995, 140 in 2000 and 400 in 2002, 2005 and 2008.[48] 400 are currently in service.[51] Some sources claim that production is ongoing. | ||
FV101 Scorpion | Combat Vehicle Reconnaissance | 80 | 1997 | |||
Tosan | Light tank | 20 | 1997 | Tosan is a domestically produced light tank, based on the FV101 Scorpion | ||
Zulfiqar MBT 3 Zulfiqar MBT 2 Zulfiqar MBT 1 | Main battle tank | 200 (More Scheduled for Production) 1(prototype) 100 | 1996–present | Based on M60 and T-72. Featuring EFCS-3 fire control system and autoloader. The Zulfiqar 3 is the latest model in the family which has been heavily modernized with advanced technologies and armaments. It features considerable upgrades to the fire control system, chassis, engine and main gun. The new variant is equipped with the 2A46 125 mm smoothbore cannon, a laser rangefinder, RAM camouflage and a new fire control system. It is also fitted with a reinforced turret and the wheels are covered by an armoured skirt.[49] | ||
Chieftain Mobarez | Main battle tank | 100(Chieftain) -Mobarez ~50 | 1971-1979 | 707 Mk-3P and Mk-5P, 125–189 FV-4030-1, 41 ARV and 14 AVLB obtained before the 1979 revolution. Further planned deliveries of the more capable 4030 series were cancelled at that point. 100 in service as of 2005.Many others upgraded to Mobarez[52] | ||
M60A1 | Main battle tank | 200 | 1969-1970 | Some sources claim ~150 M60.[53] Locally modernized as the Samsam.[54] | ||
T-72S T-72 Khorrhamshahr | Main battle tank Main battle tank | 565(25 T-72M1s) -10? | 1994–1999 1990s | Iran produced 2538 T-72S tanks under licence from Russia from 1993-2012, received 104 T-72M1 tanks from Poland from 1994-1995 and 37 T-72M1 tanks from Belarus starting in 2000, T-72M1 used in limited services.[55] Possible unlicensed production, around 2000 in inventory including 1500 T-72S and 500 less capable T-72M/M1.T-72 fitted with T-80 turret and using Kontakt-5 ERA | ||
T-72Z Safir-74 | Main battle tank | Approximately 400 with around 10 said to still be in service.[49] | Modernized T-55 which have been replaced with the Zulfiqar 3 tanks and soon the Karrar tank. | |||
Karrar | Main battle tank | 420 | 2016 | [56] Both IRGC and Iran armed forces order about 800 Karrar tanks from local industry | ||
Other vehicles
Model | Type | Quantity | Acquired | Origin | Image | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Safir Jeep | Multipurpose Military vehicle | 5000+ | 2008 | Yearly production capacity of 5000 vehicles[57][58] | ||
Samandar | Light Attack Vehicle | + | [59][60] | |||
Kaviran | Multipurpose Military vehicle | + | [61] | |||
Sepehr | Utility vehicle | + | [62][63] | |||
Aras | Multipurpose Military vehicle | + | [64][65] | |||
Ranger | Light Attack Vehicle | + | [66][67] | |||
Neynava | Lightweight Truck | + | [68] | |||
Mercedes-Benz L-series truck | Truck | + | [69] | |||
Mercedes-Benz Actros | Heavy Truck | 1000+ | ||||
KrAZ Trucks | Heavy Truck | + | [70] | |||
Hyundai Mighty | Light Truck | 2000+ |
Artillery
Mortars
Model | Type | Quantity | Acquired | Origin | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
37mm Marsh Mortar | 37mm Mortar | + | Iran | ||
HM 12 | 60mm Mortar | + | Iran | ||
HM 13 | 60mm Mortar | + | Iran | ||
HM 14 | 60mm Mortar | + | Iran | ||
HM 15 | 81mm Mortar | + | Iran | ||
HM 16 | 120mm Mortar | + | Iran | ||
Razm Mortar | 120mm Mortar | + | Iran | [61] | |
Vafa Mortar | 160mm Mortar | + | Iran | [64][65] | |
Sources:[22][26] |
Towed artillery
Model | Type | Quantity | Acquired | Origin | Image | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M101A1 | 105mm howitzer | 130 | ||||
2A18M | 122mm howitzer | 550 | ||||
Type-54 | 122mm howitzer | 100 | ||||
M1954/Type 59-1 | 130mm howitzer | 985 | In 2002, Iran had 1,100 M-46 in conditional use. By 2012 this number has dropped to 985. | |||
M1955 | 152mm howitzer | 30 | ||||
WAC-21 | 155mm howitzer | 15 | ||||
GHN-45 | 155mm howitzer | 120 | ||||
M-114 | 155mm howitzer | 70 | ||||
122mm HM 40 | 122mm howitzer | + | ||||
155mm HM 41 | 155mm howitzer | + | ||||
FH-77B | 155mm howitzer | 18 | ||||
G-5 | 155mm howitzer | 50 | In 1990, Iran had 50 G-5. Howerver, there is no current information on the condition of these howitzer. | |||
M-115 | 203mm howitzer | 20 | ||||
Type 63 MRL/Fajr 1 | 107mm MRL | 1300 | 1986 | Global Security[49] | ||
Source:[51] |
Self-propelled artillery
Model | Type | Quantity | Acquired | Origin | Image | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2S1 Gvozdika | 122mm self-propelled howitzer | 60 | ||||
Raad 1 | 122mm self-propelled howitzer | 100 | 1996 | Based on 2S1 Gvozdika | ||
Raad 2 | 155mm self-propelled howitzer | 150 | 1997 | Based on M109 | ||
M109A1 | 155mm self-propelled howitzer | 180 | Remanufactured locally as the Hoveyzeh.500 bought from US in the 1970s[71] | |||
M-1978 | 170mm self-propelled howitzer | 20 | ||||
M-107 | 175mm self-propelled howitzer | 30 | ||||
M-110 | 203mm self-propelled howitzer | 30 | ||||
Fajr-3 | 240mm MRLS | 190 | 1994 | |||
Fajr-5 | 330mm MRLS | 190 | 1990 | |||
Shahin-1 | MRLS | + | 1990 | |||
Shahin-2 | MRLS | + | 1995 | |||
BM-21 Grad | 122mm MRLS | 100 | 1978 | |||
122mm Hadid/Azrash/Nur | 122mm MRLS | 55 | 1994 | Domestic BM-21 developments? | ||
Source:[48] |
Surface-to-surface missiles
This refers to ballistic missiles and not battlefield systems. Iran's missile forces are under the command of the Revolutionary Guards, under the army's authority. Additional information is available at the article Air Force of the Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution, which force operates Iran's long-range missiles. Iran was reported to have purchased 18 mobile Musudan missiles (the extended range version of Soviet R-27 Zyb) with a 3,200-to-4,000 km range in 2005.[72]
Anti-ship missiles
Model | Type | Quantity | Acquired | Origin | Image | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kowsar 1/2/3 | Anti-ship missile | + | Light ASCM based on Chinese C-701 and TL-10[73] | |||
Nasr-1 | Anti ship missile | + | Light ASCM based on Chinese C-705 and TL-6[73] | |||
Noor | Anti-ship missile | + | ASCM based on Chinese C-801 and C-802 | |||
Ra'ad | Anti-ship missile | + | Iranian origin Heavy ASCM similar to Chinese C-401[74] | |||
Qader | Anti ship missile | + | [75] | |||
Khalij Fars | Anti-ship ballistic missile | + | Based on Fateh-110[76][77] | |||
Zafar | Anti-ship missile | + | Light ASCM for IRGC navy[78] | |||
Sources:[22][27] |
Battlefield missile systems
Model | Type | Quantity | Acquired | Origin | Image | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tondar-69 | Rocket artillery | + | ||||
Oghab | Rocket artillery | + | 1985–present | |||
Naze'at | Rocket artillery | + | ||||
Zelzal | Tactical ballistic missile | 3000+ | [79] | |||
Fateh-110 | Tactical ballistic missile | 4500+ | 2002–present | [80] | ||
Sources:[48][27] |
Air defence missile systems
Aircraft
The IRIA Ground Forces operates an army aviation component comprising the following:
Aircraft | Type | Versions | In service | Manufacturer | Photo |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mi-17/Mi-171sh | medium-lift transport helicopter | Mi-17 Mi-171sh | 47 | ||
Bell AH-1J Sea Cobra | attack helicopter | AH-1J Panha 2091 | 50[81] | ||
Toofan | attack helicopter | Toofan 1 / Toofan 2 | 67[82] | ||
Boeing CH-47 Chinook | Heavy-lift transport helicopter | CH-47C | 40 | built by Agusta | |
Dassault Falcon 20 | VIP transport | Falcon 20E | 3 | ||
Aero Commander | utility transport | 690 | 4 | ||
Fokker F27 Friendship | tactical transport | F27-400M F27-600 | 2 | ||
Cessna 185 | transport | Cessna 185F | 10 |
Unmanned aerial vehicles
Model | Type | Quantity | Acquired | Origin | Image | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sofreh Mahi | Stealth UCAV | - | Under development | |||
Karrar (UCAV) | UCAV | + | 2010 | [83][84] | ||
Ababil | UAV | + | 1986 | A wide number built in several different variants including the tactical Ababil-5 for medium-range reconnaissance and surveillance, the Ababil-T for short/medium-range attack, and also the Ababil-B and -S[85] | ||
Mohajer 1/2/3/4/5/6 | UAV | 300+ | 1980's | [22][86] | ||
Raad 85 | UAV | + | Suicide drone[86] | |||
Ra'ad (UAV) | UAV | + | With offensive capabilities[87][88] | |||
Nazir (UAV) | UAV | + | [87][88] | |||
Hod Hod | UAV | + | [89] | |||
Saegheh 1 | Target Drone | 90 | [90] | |||
Saegheh 2 | UCAV | 50+ | Based on, but smaller than and substantially different from, the Lockheed Martin RQ-170 Sentinel | |||
MQM-107 | Target Drone | 180 | [84] | |||
Yasir | UAV | + | 2013 | In November 2013 a Yasir UAV was shown flying over Damascus, Syria in support of Syrian Arab Army forces fighting against rebels.[86][91] | ||
Shahed 129 | UCAV | 100+ | On April 10, 2014, rebels in Syria recorded a UAV resembling a Shahed 129 flying over Eastern Ghouta, Damascus[92] | |||
Hamaseh | UAV | 30 | A medium-range drone, capable of carrying air to ground missiles | |||
H-110 Sarir | UCAV | 10+ | Capable of carrying air-to-air missiles[93] | |||
Fotros | UCAV | ? | UCAV with range of 2000 km, flight ceiling of 25000 ft and 16–30 hours flight endurance, armed with missiles.[94] | |||
Simorgh | UCAV | ? | Full-size copy of the American RQ-170 UAV |
See also
- Iranian military industry
- List of countries by level of military equipment
- List of Iranian Air Force aircraft
- List of military equipment manufactured in Iran
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