Delfim Moreira

Delfim Moreira da Costa Ribeiro (Portuguese: [dewˈfim moˈrejrɐ da ˈkɔstɐ riˈbejru]; 7 November 1868 – 1 July 1920) was a Brazilian politician who served as tenth President of Brazil.

This article is about the Brazilian president. For the Brazilian city in Minas Gerais state, see Delfim Moreira, Minas Gerais. For the Portuguese long-distance runner, see Delfim Moreira (athlete).
His Excellency

Delfim Moreira
President of Brazil
In office
15 November 1918 – 28 July 1919
Preceded byVenceslau Brás
Succeeded byEpitácio Pessoa
Vice President of Brazil
In office
28 July 1919 – 1 July 1920
PresidentEpitácio Pessoa
Preceded byUrbano Santos
Succeeded byBueno de Paiva
Personal details
Born(1868-11-07)7 November 1868
Cristina, Minas Gerais, Empire of Brazil
Died1 July 1920(1920-07-01) (aged 51)
Santa Rita do Sapucaí, Minas Gerais, Brazil
NationalityBrazilian
Political partyPRM
Signature

Biography

He was born in Minas Gerais state to a Portuguese father and to a Portuguese Brazilian mother who traced her ancestry back to the early settlers of Brazil.[1]

Delfim Moreira, elected vice president under Rodrigues Alves in 1918, provisionally ruled the country as the Brazilian Constitution provided for new elections in case of disability of the President before completing two years in office. Rodrigues Alves never even entered office, for he was stricken by the "Spanish flu" and died on 16 January 1919. Delfim Moreira himself also did not have good health, suffering from some psychological conditions, therefore his short tenure was known as "the republican regency" since the government Minister of Transportation and Public Works, Afrânio de Melo Franco, stood out in the president's decision-making.

Three days after the new government took over the country, a general strike hit the capital and the city of Niterói. The president ordered the closure of unions in Rio de Janeiro, on 22 November.

On 21 June 1919, a dissident faction of the anarchists founded the Brazilian Communist Party. Four months later, the government expelled from the country about a hundred of them, mostly foreigners, who worked in the workers movement of the cities of São Paulo, Santos, Rio de Janeiro and Niterói, due to the discovery of an alleged plot aimed at overthrowing the government.

When Epitácio Pessoa assumed headship of the government, Moreira became his Vice President. As Vice President, he also served as the President of the Senate.[2] He died in the city of Santa Rita do Sapucaí, on 1 July 1920. He was succeeded by Bueno de Paiva.

Venceslau Brás declares war against the Central Powers in October, 1917. At his side, the former president and then Minister of Foreign Affairs, Nilo Peçanha, and the president of Minas Gerais and future president of the Republic, Delfim Moreira.
President Delfim Moreira picture from the National Archive of Brazil

See also
  • List of Presidents of Brazil

References
  1. http://www.buratto.net/doria/AntasMoraes.pdf
  2. "República Velha (1889 - 1930) - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br.
Political offices
Preceded by
Venceslau Brás		 President of Brazil
1918–1919		 Succeeded by
Epitácio Pessoa
Preceded by
Urbano Santos		 Vice President of Brazil
1918–1920		 Succeeded by
Bueno de Paiva
Preceded by
Bueno Brandão		 Governor of Minas Gerais
1914–1918		 Succeeded by
Artur Bernardes
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