Citrus indica

Citrus indica is a species of Citrus known by the common name Indian wild orange.[3][4]

Citrus indica
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Eudicots
(unranked):
Rosids
Order:
Sapindales
Family:
Rutaceae
Genus:
Citrus
Species:
C. indica
Binomial name
Citrus indica
Yu.Tanaka[1][2]

It is native to south asia.

Taxonomy
Main article: Citrus taxonomy

This wild orange plant is likely one of the ancestors of today's cultivated citrus fruits, if not the main one.[4] It is considered to be the most "primitive" citrus.[5] It can be used as a citrus rootstock for cultivated citrus.[5]

Recent searches of the plant's reported home range confirmed its presence only in Meghalaya, where it grows in the Garo Hills.[4]

Uses

This species is used for medicinal and spiritual purposes by the Garo people. The fruit is used to treat jaundice and stomach conditions in humans and animals, and it was used to treat smallpox. It is also applied to dead bodies to remove their ghosts.[5]

Conservation status

This plant is considered to be an endangered species.[4] Threats to the species have included habitat destruction caused by slash-and-burn (jhum) activity.[5] This plant requires a specific microclimate,[4] and appropriate habitat is limited. The Nokrek Biosphere Reserve is an important site for the species, and its presence inspired the creation of the National Citrus Gene Sanctuary within the reserve.[6]

References
  1. The Plant List (2010). "Citrus indica". Retrieved 2020-03-30.
  2. Missouri Botanical Garden. "Citrus indica Yu. Tanaka". Retrieved 2020-03-30.
  3. "Citrus indica". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved December 15, 2017.
  4. Malik, S. K., R. Chaudhury, O. P. Dhariwal and R. K. Kalia. (2006). Collection and characterization of Citrus indica Tanaka and C. macroptera Montr.: wild endangered species of northeastern India. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 53 1485-93.
  5. Laskar, M. A., M. Hynniewta and C.S. Rao. (2009). In vitro propagation of Citrus indica Tanaka — An endangered progenitor species. Indian Journal of Biotechnology 8 311-16.
  6. Borah, A. Local citrus goes global. Down to Earth January 31, 2009.
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