Cavan–Monaghan (Dáil constituency)

Cavan–Monaghan is a parliamentary constituency represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas. The constituency elects 5 deputies (Teachtaí Dála, commonly known as TDs). The method of election is the single transferable vote form of proportional representation (PR-STV).

Cavan–Monaghan
Dáil Éireann
Parliamentary Constituency
Location of Cavan–Monaghan within Ireland
Current constituency
Created1977
Seats5 (1977–2016)
4 (2016–2020)
5 (2020–)
TDs
County councilsCavan County Council
Monaghan County Council
EP constituencyMidlands–North-West

History and boundaries

From its creation in 1977 to 2016, the constituency spanned the entire area of both County Cavan and County Monaghan, taking in Cavan town, Monaghan town, Clones, Cootehill, Belturbet, Bailieborough, Castleblayney and Carrickmacross,[1] and was a 5-seat constituency.

It was created under the terms of the Electoral (Amendment) Act 1974, as part of the redistribution of constituencies also known as the Tullymander.[2] The constituency of Cavan–Monaghan has been used for elections since the 1977 general election. It replaced the two separate constituencies of Cavan and Monaghan that previously covered the area.

At the 2016 general election, 36 electoral divisions in the west of County Cavan were transferred to the Sligo–Leitrim constituency and Cavan–Monaghan became a 4-seat constituency.[3]

The Electoral (Amendment) (Dáil Constituencies) Act 2013 defines the constituency as:

"The county of Monaghan and the county of Cavan, except the part thereof which is comprised in the constituency of Sligo–Leitrim."

Since 2020

In 2017 the Constituency Commission amended this due to population boundaries. It stated that at the next Irish general election, the west of County Cavan would be reunited with the rest of the Cavan–Monaghan constituency, and that it would gain an extra seat to become a 5-seat constituency.[4]

The Electoral (Amendment) (Dáil Constituencies) Act 2017 defines the constituency as:[4]

"The county of Cavan and the county of Monaghan;
and, in the county of Meath, the electoral divisions of:
Drumcondra, in the former Rural District of Ardee No. 2;
Ardagh, Carrickleck, Kilmainham, Moybolgue, Posseckstown and Trohanny in the former Rural District of Kells."

Constituency profile

Cavan–Monaghan is predominately rural with 75% of the population living outside the main towns. Manufacturing, construction and agriculture are the largest sectors of the local economy.[5] In the 2000s there was an influx of people moving to south-east Cavan from Dublin, benefiting from the low house prices and good transport links to the capital.

Due to its proximity to the border the constituency has historically been strongly Republican; hunger striker Kieran Doherty won a seat in the 1981 general election as an Anti H-Block candidate. In recent elections the constituency has seen mainly a three-way fight between Fine Gael, Sinn Féin and Fianna Fáil, with the Labour Party traditionally polling poorly.

TDs
Teachtaí Dála (TDs) for Cavan–Monaghan 1977–[6]
Key to parties
DáilElectionDeputy
(Party)		Deputy
(Party)		Deputy
(Party)		Deputy
(Party)		Deputy
(Party)
21st1977[7] Jimmy Leonard
(FF)		 John P. Wilson
(FF)		 Rory O'Hanlon
(FF)		 John Conlan
(FG)		 Thomas J. Fitzpatrick
(FG)
22nd1981[8] Kieran Doherty
(AHB)
23rd1982 (Feb)[9] Jimmy Leonard
(FF)
24th1982 (Nov)[10] Thomas J. Fitzpatrick
(CC)
25th1987[11] Andrew Boylan
(FG)		 Thomas J. Fitzpatrick
(FG)
26th1989[12] Bill Cotter
(FG)
27th1992[13] Brendan Smith
(FF)		 Seymour Crawford
(FG)
28th1997[14] Caoimhghín Ó Caoláin
(SF)
29th2002[15] Paudge Connolly
(Ind)
30th2007[16] Rory O'Hanlon
(CC)		 Margaret Conlon
(FF)
31st2011[17] Joe O'Reilly
(FG)		 Heather Humphreys
(FG)		 Seán Conlan
(FG)
32nd2016[18] Niamh Smyth
(FF)		 4 seats
2016–2020
33rd2020[19] Matt Carthy
(SF)		 Pauline Tully
(SF)

Note: The columns in this table are used only for presentational purposes, and no significance should be attached to the order of columns. For details of the order in which seats were won at each election, see the detailed results of that election.

Elections

2020 general election
2020 general election: Cavan–Monaghan[20][21][22]
PartyCandidateFPv%Count 1Count 2Count 3Count 4Count 5Count 6Count 7Count 8Count 9Count 10Count 11
Sinn Féin Matt Carthy 22.6 16,310                    
Fine Gael Heather Humphreys 17.7 12,808                    
Sinn Féin Pauline Tully 14.1 10,166 13,457                  
Fianna Fáil Brendan Smith 10.2 7,354 7,434 7,476 7,482 7,519 7,622 7,667 7,840 8,112 8,946 11,004
Fianna Fáil Niamh Smyth 8.0 5,745 5,889 5,985 5,996 6,053 6,152 6,225 6,322 6,806 8,176 10,951
Fine Gael T.P. O'Reilly 7.1 5,124 5,154 5,175 5,179 5,390 5,469 5,499 6,592 7,197 8,050 8,646
Fianna Fáil Robbie Gallagher 7.0 5,062 5,306 5,467 5,476 5,603 5,650 5,692 5,740 6,253 6,882  
Aontú Sarah O'Reilly 5.3 3,840 3,963 4,204 4,285 4,314 4,416 4,733 4,821 5,745    
Green Party Tate Donnelly 3.5 2,501 2,710 3,025 3,061 3,104 3,453 4,075 4,187      
Fine Gael Sandra McIntyre 1.8 1,301 1,333 1,357 1,365 1,621 1,698 1,719        
Labour Party Liam van der Spek 1.4 983 1,017 1,128 1,137 1,149            
Solidarity–PBP Emmett Smith[n 1] 1.2 830 910 1,261 1,279 1,284 1,458          
Independent Joseph Duffy 0.2 159 171 235                
Electorate: 110,190   Valid: 72,183   Spoilt: 695   Quota: 12,031   Turnout: 72,878 (66.14%)
    1. People Before Profit, Solidarity and RISE contested this election as Solidarity–People Before Profit, so candidates appeared on the ballot under this name. Smith was a member of People Before Profit.

    2016 general election
    2016 general election: Cavan–Monaghan[23][24][18]
    PartyCandidateFPv%Count 1Count 2Count 3Count 4Count 5Count 6Count 7Count 8Count 9Count 10
    Fine Gael Heather Humphreys 20.8 12,391                  
    Sinn Féin Caoimhghín Ó Caoláin 16.9 10,060 10,104 10,119 10,265 10,415 10,651 11,047 11,867 17,182  
    Fianna Fáil Brendan Smith 14.7 8,775 8,802 8,807 8,850 8,952 9,046 9,142 10,926 11,357 12,120
    Fine Gael Joe O'Reilly 11.0 6,566 6,846 6,848 6,887 6,977 7,255 7,715 8,063 8,321 8,790
    Fianna Fáil Niamh Smyth 10.5 6,268 6,296 6,297 6,342 6,455 6,584 6,742 8,216 8,762 9,644
    Sinn Féin Kathryn Reilly 10.2 6,066 6,073 6,078 6,268 6,419 6,599 6,737 6,993    
    Fianna Fáil Mike Durkan 4.9 2,909 2,927 2,931 2,941 2,977 3,062 3,246      
    Independent Seán Conlan 2.8 1,665 1,686 1,688 1,754 1,853 1,980        
    Independent Mary Smyth 2.6 1,589 1,600 1,609 1,709 1,911 2,062 2,340      
    Green Party Mícheál Callaghan 2.1 1,251 1,262 1,269 1,410 1,523          
    Independent John Wilson 1.7 1,023 1,029 1,036 1,171            
    Direct Democracy Mick McDermott 0.8 475 476 479              
    Direct Democracy Aoife O'Connell 0.5 279 282 292              
    Independent Emmett Smith 0.4 245 246 258              
    Independent Jimmy Mee 0.1 88 90                
    Electorate: 90,618   Valid: 59,650   Spoilt: 598 (1.0%)   Quota: 11,931   Turnout: 60,248 (66.5%)

      2011 general election
      2011 general election: Cavan–Monaghan[17]
      PartyCandidateFPv%Count 1Count 2Count 3Count 4Count 5Count 6Count 7Count 8Count 9
      Sinn Féin Caoimhghín Ó Caoláin 16.7 11,913                
      Fianna Fáil Brendan Smith 13.6 9,702 9,734 9,817 10,092 10,249 10,770 11,237 14,667  
      Fine Gael Joe O'Reilly 11.7 8,333 8,361 8,412 8,599 8,679 10,492 11,201 11,305 11,434
      Fine Gael Heather Humphreys 11.4 8,144 8,201 8,374 8,521 8,886 9,565 10,177 10,525 10,861
      Fine Gael Seán Conlan 11.0 7,864 7,924 8,225 8,319 8,728 9,162 9,895 10,623 11,178
      Sinn Féin Kathryn Reilly 9.2 6,539 6,624 6,858 7,289 7,886 8,324 9,627 9,884 10,340
      Fianna Fáil Margaret Conlon 6.5 4,658 4,703 4,817 4,879 5,052 5,070 5,279    
      Labour Party Liam Hogan 5.6 4,011 4,144 4,273 4,527 4,793 4,998      
      Fine Gael Peter McVitty 5.4 3,858 3,881 3,912 4,207 4,246        
      Independent Seamus Treanor 2.8 1,974 2,007 2,379 2,658          
      Independent Caroline Forde 2.7 1,912 1,993 2,167            
      New Vision John McGuirk 2.4 1,708 1,760              
      Green Party Darcy Lonergan 0.7 530                
      Independent Joseph Duffy 0.2 129                
      Electorate: 99,178   Valid: 71,275   Spoilt: 867 (1.2%)   Quota: 11,880   Turnout: 72,142 (72.7%)

        2007 general election

        Rory O'Hanlon was Ceann Comhairle at the dissolution of the 29th Dáil and therefore deemed to be returned automatically. The constituency was treated as a four seater for the purposes of calculating the quota.

        2007 general election: Cavan–Monaghan[16]
        PartyCandidateFPv%Count 1Count 2Count 3Count 4
        Ceann Comhairle Rory O'Hanlon Automatically Returned N/A      
        Fianna Fáil Brendan Smith 23.6 15,548      
        Sinn Féin Caoimhghín Ó Caoláin 20.0 13,162      
        Fine Gael Seymour Crawford 16.7 10,978 11,057 11,199 13,758
        Fine Gael Joe O'Reilly 14.5 9,550 9,895 10,214 11,238
        Fianna Fáil Margaret Conlon 14.1 9,303 11,062 11,145 13,203
        Independent Paudge Connolly 6.0 3,955 4,034 4,157  
        Green Party Vincent Martin 3.6 2,382 2,445 2,687  
        Labour Party Des Cullen 1.2 796 849    
        Independent T. J. Fay 0.2 113 125    
        Electorate: 92,248   Valid: 65,787   Spoilt: 760 (1.2%)   Quota: 13,158   Turnout: 66,547 (72.2%)

          2002 general election
          2002 general election: Cavan–Monaghan[15]
          PartyCandidateFPv%Count 1Count 2Count 3Count 4Count 5Count 6Count 7Count 8Count 9Count 10Count 11Count 12
          Sinn Féin Caoimhghín Ó Caoláin 17.5 10,832                      
          Fianna Fáil Brendan Smith 17.3 10,679                      
          Independent Paudge Connolly 12.5 7,722 7,867 7,871 7,946 8,375 8,614 8,973 9,678 10,870      
          Fianna Fáil Rory O'Hanlon 11.6 7,204 7,295 7,479 7,541 7,648 7,807 7,943 8,662 11,032      
          Fine Gael Seymour Crawford 9.9 6,113 6,136 6,139 6,178 6,286 6,397 6,509 6,803 7,078 7,392 7,702 9,165
          Fine Gael Andrew Boylan 7.8 4,819 4,855 4,889 5,061 5,084 5,211 5,374 5,516 5,633 5,844 5,905 9,044
          Fine Gael Paddy O'Reilly 7.5 4,639 4,667 4,698 4,817 4,836 4,955 5,108 5,320 5,429 5,628 5,710  
          Fianna Fáil Robbie Gallagher 6.0 3,731 3,789 3,874 3,921 4,004 4,197 4,319 4,535        
          Independent Vincent Martin 3.1 1,943 1,992 1,997 2,087 2,265 2,371 2,646          
          Progressive Democrats Gerry McCaughey 1.8 1,131 1,144 1,154 1,219 1,261              
          Green Party Marcus McCabe 1.8 1,100 1,138 1,143 1,301 1,385 1,513            
          Independent Joe Brennan 1.7 1,026 1,046 1,047 1,114                
          Labour Party Francie Fitzsimons 0.9 550 566 572                  
          Christian Solidarity Tony Smith 0.6 358 365 368                  
          Electorate: 87,595   Valid: 61,847   Spoilt: 863 (1.4%)   Quota: 10,308   Turnout: 62,710 (71.6%)

            1997 general election
            1997 general election: Cavan–Monaghan[25]
            PartyCandidateFPv%Count 1Count 2Count 3Count 4Count 5Count 6Count 7
            Sinn Féin Caoimhghín Ó Caoláin 19.4 11,531            
            Fianna Fáil Brendan Smith 15.1 8,998 9,194 9,196 9,551 9,733 10,434  
            Fianna Fáil Rory O'Hanlon 12.3 7,325 7,692 7,700 8,020 8,394 8,615 9,551
            Fianna Fáil Ann Leonard 11.0 6,564 6,881 6,898 7,259 7,638 7,786 8,181
            Fine Gael Seymour Crawford 11.0 6,552 6,651 6,660 6,796 7,173 7,800 10,288
            Fine Gael Andrew Boylan 8.2 4,894 4,956 4,963 5,140 5,506 8,198 9,706
            Fine Gael Bill Cotter 7.8 4,665 4,774 4,779 4,920 5,396 5,857  
            Fine Gael Paddy O'Reilly Jnr. 7.6 4,532 4,589 4,593 4,799 5,130    
            Labour Party Ann Gallagher 4.0 2,359 2,535 2,557 2,735      
            Christian Solidarity Gene Flood 1.7 1,024 1,151 1,181        
            Christian Solidarity Larry McGinn 1.7 1,001 1,062 1,080        
            Independent Joseph Duffy 0.2 99 134          
            Electorate: 83,005   Valid: 59,544   Spoilt: 601 (1.0%)   Quota: 9,925   Turnout: 60,145 (72.5%)

              1992 general election
              1992 general election: Cavan–Monaghan[13]
              Party Candidate 1st Pref % Seat Count
              Fianna Fáil Rory O'Hanlon 7,125 13.0 2 8
              Fianna Fáil Brendan Smith 7,063 12.9 1 5
              Fianna Fáil Jimmy Leonard 6,555 11.9 5 8
              Fine Gael Bill Cotter 5,291 9.7
              Fine Gael Seymour Crawford 5,192 9.5 4 8
              Fine Gael Andrew Boylan 4,763 8.7 3 8
              Labour Party Ann Gallagher 4,543 8.3
              Sinn Féin Caoimhghín Ó Caoláin 4,197 7.7
              Fine Gael Joe O'Reilly 3,942 7.2
              Fianna Fáil Michael Smith 3,551 6.5
              Independent Winston Turner 1,825 3.3
              Independent Mary Smith 686 1.3
              Workers' Party Jimmy Finnegan 157 0.3
              Electorate: 79,011   Valid: 54,890   Spoilt: 993 (1.8%)   Quota: 9,149   Turnout: 55,883 (70.7%)

              1989 general election
              1989 general election: Cavan–Monaghan[12]
              Party Candidate 1st Pref % Seat Count
              Fianna Fáil John P. Wilson 9,708 18.3 1 1
              Fianna Fáil Rory O'Hanlon 8,663 16.3 2 2
              Fianna Fáil Jimmy Leonard 8,500 16.0 3 3
              Fine Gael Andrew Boylan 7,180 13.5 4 7
              Fine Gael Bill Cotter 6,765 12.7 5 7
              Fine Gael Joe O'Reilly 5,560 10.5
              Sinn Féin Caoimhghín Ó Caoláin 4,849 9.1
              Independent Margaret Kiernan 1,069 2.0
              Independent Damien Matthews 705 1.3
              Independent Joseph Duffy 155 0.3
              Electorate: 75,712   Valid: 53,154   Spoilt: 1,041 (1.9%)   Quota: 8,860   Turnout: 54,195 (71.6%)

              1987 general election
              1987 general election: Cavan–Monaghan[11]
              Party Candidate 1st Pref % Seat Count
              Ceann Comhairle Thomas J. Fitzpatrick N/A Automatically Returned 1
              Fianna Fáil Rory O'Hanlon 11,265 19.5 2
              Fianna Fáil John P. Wilson 11,163 19.3 3
              Fine Gael Andrew Boylan 10,132 17.5 5
              Fianna Fáil Jimmy Leonard 9,319 16.1 4
              Fine Gael John Conlan 8,795 15.2
              Sinn Féin Caoimhghín Ó Caoláin 4,219 7.3
              Independent Patrick McKiernan 1,868 3.2
              Workers' Party Oliver Rogers 577 1.0
              Independent Pádraig Duffy 474 0.8
              Electorate: ?   Valid: 57,812   Quota: 11,56   Turnout:

              November 1982 general election
              November 1982 general election: Cavan–Monaghan[10]
              Party Candidate 1st Pref % Seat Count
              Fianna Fáil John P. Wilson 10,779 18.8 1
              Fine Gael Thomas J. Fitzpatrick 9,185 16.0 2
              Fianna Fáil Jimmy Leonard 8,611 15.0 5
              Fianna Fáil Rory O'Hanlon 8,372 14.6 4
              Fine Gael John Conlan 7,560 13.2 3
              Fine Gael Aileen Cahill 5,106 8.9
              Fine Gael Hugh McElvaney 3,852 6.7
              Fianna Fáil Michael Smith 3,639 6.4
              Independent Seán Ó Neill MacGabhann 143 0.3
              Electorate: ?   Valid: 57,247   Quota: 9,542   Turnout:

              February 1982 general election
              February 1982 general election: Cavan–Monaghan[9]
              PartyCandidateFPv%Count 1Count 2Count 3Count 4Count 5Count 6
              Fianna Fáil John P. Wilson 16.8 9,776          
              Fianna Fáil Jimmy Leonard 14.8 8,585 8,614 8,427 8,857 9,890  
              Fine Gael Thomas J. Fitzpatrick 14.3 8,317 8,386 8,427 8,956 9,236 9,753
              Fine Gael John Conlan 12.9 7,486 7,512 7,603 8,545 8,613 9,051
              Fine Gael Robert Fausset 11.7 6,808 6,833 6,867 7,191 7,268 7,378
              Fianna Fáil Rory O'Hanlon 11.4 6,651 6,692 6,798 6,857 8,697 10,159
              Sinn Féin Séamus McElwaine 6.8 3,974 4,079 4,183 4,243 4,365  
              Fianna Fáil Michael Smith 5.9 3,399 3,481 3,526 3,584    
              Fine Gael Thomas O'Reilly 3.7 2,152 2,167 2,191      
              Sinn Féin - The Workers' Party Francis O'Donoghue 0.9 529 567        
              Independent James Kelly 0.8 455          
              Electorate: 73,601   Valid: 58,132   Spoilt: 491 (0.8%)   Quota: 9,689   Turnout: 58,623 (79.6%)

                1981 general election
                1981 general election: Cavan–Monaghan[8]
                PartyCandidateFPv%Count 1Count 2Count 3Count 4Count 5Count 6Count 7
                Fianna Fáil John P. Wilson 15.6 9,424 9,467 9,543 12,122      
                Anti H-Block Kieran Doherty 15.1 9,121 9,197 9,342 9,469 9,580 9,709 10,063
                Fine Gael Thomas J. Fitzpatrick 12.0 7,257 7,946 8,660 8,807 8,908 13,109  
                Fianna Fáil Jimmy Leonard 11.6 6,984 7,039 7,082 7,240 7,752 7,997 8,304
                Fine Gael Robert Fausset 11.2 6,785 6,994 7,572 7,637 7,657    
                Fianna Fáil Rory O'Hanlon 11.0 6,662 6,694 6,861 7,252 8,548 8,738 9,016
                Fine Gael John Conlan 10.6 6,431 6,775 7,777 7,802 7,815 10,355  
                Fianna Fáil Michael Smith 5.7 3,431 3,483 3,535        
                Fine Gael Aidan Murray 4.3 2,565 2,803          
                Fine Gael Mona Hoban 2.9 1,741            
                Electorate: 70,995   Valid: 60,411   Spoilt: 584 (0.9%)   Quota: 10,069   Turnout: 60,995 (85.9%)

                  1977 general election
                  1977 general election: Cavan–Monaghan[26]
                  PartyCandidateFPv%Count 1Count 2Count 3Count 4Count 5Count 6Count 7Count 8
                  Fianna Fáil John Patrick Wilson 16.3 9,168 9,214 9,585          
                  Fine Gael Tom Fitzpatrick 16.2 9,060 9,104 9,396          
                  Fianna Fáil Jimmy Leonard 15.5 8,695 8,806 9,140 9,167 9,189 10,922    
                  Fine Gael John F. Conlan 11.3 6,347 6,408 6,476 6,482 7,752 7,901 7,943 8,030
                  Fianna Fáil Rory O'Hanlon 10.8 6,045 6,187 6,482 6,531 6,604 9,305 10,623  
                  Fine Gael Brendan Toal 10.4 5,809 5,861 5,932 5,935 7,542 7,729 7,753 7,811
                  Fianna Fáil Michael Smith 8.8 4,912 4,936 5,220 5,366 5,569      
                  Fine Gael John McKenna 5.6 3,166 3,183 3,332 3,348        
                  Independent James J. Kelly 3.6 2,016 2,246            
                  Sinn Féin - The Workers' Party Owen Kirk 1.3 713              
                  Independent Patrick A. Harwood 0.2 94              
                  Electorate: 69,935   Valid: 56,025   Quota: 9,338   Turnout: 80.11%

                    See also

                    References
                    1. "Electoral (Amendment) Act 2009: Schedule". Irish Statute Book database. Retrieved 29 September 2010.
                    2. "Electoral (Amendment) Act, 1974: Schedule(Constituencies)". Irish Statute Book. Archived from the original on 20 January 2012. Retrieved 13 June 2007.
                    3. "Electoral (Amendment) (Dáil Constituencies) Act 2013: Schedule". Irish Statute Book database. Retrieved 29 January 2016.
                    4. "Electoral (Amendment) (Dáil Constituencies) Act 2017: Schedule". Irish Statute Book database. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
                    5. "Constituency profile: Cavan–Monaghan" (PDF). Houses of the Oireachtas. 2008. Retrieved 19 November 2011.
                    6. Walker, Brian M, ed. (1992). Parliamentary election results in Ireland, 1918–92. Dublin: Royal Irish Academy. ISBN 0-901714-96-8. ISSN 0332-0286.
                    7. "General election 1977: Cavan–Monaghan". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 28 January 2010.
                    8. "General election 1981: Cavan–Monaghan". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 28 January 2010.
                    9. "General election February 1982: Cavan–Monaghan". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 28 January 2010.
                    10. "General election November 1982: Cavan–Monaghan". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 24 September 2010.
                    11. "General election 1987: Cavan–Monaghan". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 24 September 2010.
                    12. "General election 1989: Cavan–Monaghan". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 24 September 2010.
                    13. "General election 1992: Cavan–Monaghan". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 15 July 2010.
                    14. "General election 1997: Cavan–Monaghan". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 15 July 2010.
                    15. "General election 2002: Cavan–Monaghan". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 29 January 2010.
                    16. "General election 2007: Cavan–Monaghan". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 25 January 2010.
                    17. "General election 2011: Cavan–Monaghan". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 2 March 2011.
                    18. "General election 2016: Cavan–Monaghan". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 16 February 2016.
                    19. "Cavan-Monaghan Results 2020". Irish Times. Retrieved 11 February 2020.
                    20. "General Election 2020 Results – Cavan–Monaghan". RTÉ News. Retrieved 23 May 2020.
                    21. "Cavan-Monaghan Results 2020". Irish Times. Retrieved 11 February 2020.
                    22. "Cavan–Monaghan: 2020 General Election". Irelandelection.com.
                    23. "Cavan Monaghan Results 2016". Irelandelection.com.
                    24. "Cavan Monaghan Results 2016". RTÉ.
                    25. Government of Ireland (1998). 28th Dáil General Election June, 1997 Election Results and Transfer of Votes. Stationery Office, Government of Ireland.
                    26. Gallagher, Michael (2009). Irish Elections 1948–77: Results and Analysis Sources for the Study of Irish Politics 2. Routledge. ISBN 9781138973343.

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